Obesity and kidney disease: hidden consequences of the epidemic

Kövesdy, Csaba P.; Furth, Susan L.; Zoccali, Carmine

doi:10.1080/16089677.2017.1299975

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…Numerous studies have demonstrated an association between obesity and chronic kidney disease (CKD) [1]. Higher body mass index (BMI) has been associated with lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), loss of eGFR over time, and incident end-stage renal disease (ESRD).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some of the deleterious effects of obesity are mediated by comorbid conditions including hypertension and diabetes. Obesity may also impact the kidneys directly by its effects on adipokines, inflammation, oxidative stress, activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, sympathetic activation, insulin resistance, and abnormal lipid metabolism [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Severe obesity and the impact of medical weight loss on estimated glomerular filtration rate

2020

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Objective To assess the impact of obesity, glucose tolerance, and weight loss on renal function, we measured serum creatinine and cystatin C and estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) indexed to 1.73m 2 body surface area (BSA) and GFR indexed to actual BSA in subjects with normal and abnormal glucose tolerance before and up to 2 years after medical weight loss. Methods We studied 146 subjects at baseline and 3-to-6 months after 18% reduction in weight; 43 were also studied at 2-years. GFR was estimated using the MDRD, CKD-EPI Cr , CKD-EPI-CysCr , and the CKD-EPI Cys equations. Results eGFR was consistently lower when creatinine-based rather than cystatin C-based estimating equations were used. eGFR was lower when creatinine-based or cystatin C-based equations were indexed to 1.73m 2 BSA than when they were indexed to actual BSA. eGFR indexed to actual BSA was more likely to demonstrate hyperfiltration (eGFR �135 ml/min) than eGFR indexed to 1.73m 2 BSA and decreased into the normal range with weight loss. eGFR was highest in subjects with impaired fasting glucose but there was little difference in the patterns of change in eGFR across groups by glucose tolerance status. Conclusions With severe obesity, high fat-free mass and BSA result in low estimates of eGFR indexed to 1.73m 2 BSA, especially when creatinine-based estimating equations are used. GFR indexed to actual BSA is approximately 50% higher. When eGFR is indexed to actual BSA, many subjects display evidence of renal hyperfiltration which improves with weight loss. In subjects with severe obesity undergoing medical weight loss, estimating equations that use

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severe obesity and the impact of medical weight loss on estimated glomerular filtration rate

2020

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“…This study found an increasing BMI and abnormal WHR as risk factors for developing KD amongst NSAIDs users. Kovesty et al [22] found that obesity associated hyperfiltration leads to increased intraglomerular pressure and kidney damage. Increasing mean SBP and DBP were found to be risk for developing KD in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kidney Function in Frequent Users of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)

Pk¹,

Bl²,

Ma³

et al. 2020

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Background: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are used for managing painful conditions. They are available as cheap, over-the-counter drugs, and commonly abused. NSAIDs inhibit prostaglandins (PGs) actions on the kidneys and can cause kidney disease and hypertension, especially when used in excess doses, for prolonged period or in stressed states. Methods: The descriptive study was carried at the Orthopaedic and Family Medicine units of the Federal Medical Centre, Abeokuta. Two hundred respondents participated in the study. One hundred frequent users of NSAIDs (with daily use for ≥ 4 weeks) and age and sex-matched controls with no known risk for kidney disease and had consented were consecutively recruited. Data were entered from history, examination and investigations (urinalysis, serum electrolyte, kidney scan and biopsy). Cases with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 mls/min/1.73 m 2) and dip strip proteinuria ≥ 1+ had kidney biopsy. Statistical analysis was with SPSS 21 software. Student t-test and Chi-square tests were used to compare means and proportions respectively. Pearson's correlation test was used to determine the strength of association between independent risk factors and kidney dysfunction (KD). Results: Two hundred respondents participated in the study. Fifty one (51) females and Forty nine (49) males were recruited as cases and controls respectively. Thirteen (13) females had KD compared to 9 males, (P = 0.02). The mean age of cases with KD (63.04 yrs ± 4.21) was statistically higher than those without KD (P = 0.01). Majority of the cases were in the working population (30-59 yrs). Twenty two (22) frequent NSAIDs users had kidney dys-How to cite this paper: Uduagbamen PK,

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“…Increased pressure inside the glomerulus can cause serious damage to the kidneys and increase the risk of chronic kidney disease in a long period. It can also be a risk factor for nephrolithiasis and several kidney malignancies, including kidney cancer [2]. The kidneys are involved in regulating the body's osmolarity, stabilizing the internal environment (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Eight Weeks of Aerobic Exercise in Water With and Without the Use of Wild Mountain Cumin on Renal Function Factors and Blood Mineral Levels in Obese Postmenopausal Women

et al. 2020

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Aims: Obesity is one of the greatest health challenges in the world and can lead to kidney disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise with and without Bunium persicum (Boiss.) consumption on kidney function and the number of trace elements in the blood sample in obese menopausal women. Methods & Materials: In this experimental study, 29 obese menopausal women were randomly divided into 3 groups: exercise, supplement, and exercise+supplement with the mean body mass index of 28.3±3.2, 30.4±4.14, and 31.67±4.93 kg/m2, respectively. Eight weeks of exercise was performed in three 45-min sessions per week at 65-75% of the maximum heart rate. The supplement group received two meals of B. persicum for 8 weeks. Before and after the intervention, creatinine, urea, uric acid, iron, zinc, sodium, and magnesium were measured. Data were analyzed by SPSS at the significance level of P≤0.05. Findings: The results showed that none of the renal function factors in the groups changed significantly. Intra-group changes in zinc significantly increased in the exercise and exercise + supplementation groups (P=0.041 and P=0.010, respectively). Intra-group changes in iron showed a significant decrease and increase in the exercise and supplement groups, respectively (P=0.001 and P=0.001, respectively). The inter-group variation of the iron was also significant (P=0.001). Conclusion: Eight weeks of aerobic exercises in water alone and in combination with B. persicum consumption did not affect renal function in obese and menopausal women, while aerobic exercise in water and B. persicum consumption alone led to some changes in trace elements.

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Obesity and kidney disease: hidden consequences of the epidemic

Cited by 16 publications

References 85 publications

Severe obesity and the impact of medical weight loss on estimated glomerular filtration rate

Severe obesity and the impact of medical weight loss on estimated glomerular filtration rate

Kidney Function in Frequent Users of Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)

Effects of Eight Weeks of Aerobic Exercise in Water With and Without the Use of Wild Mountain Cumin on Renal Function Factors and Blood Mineral Levels in Obese Postmenopausal Women

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