Obesity and kidney disease: Hidden consequences of the epidemic

Kövesdy, Csaba P.; Furth, Susan L.; Zoccali, Carmine

doi:10.4103/ijn.ijn_61_17

Cited by 45 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 91 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The protection afforded by γOz in both organs occurred even with the maintenance of high blood pressure, blood glucose, and insulin levels, as showed by the maintenance in proteinuria and cardiac function in the HSF + γOz group. However, the cardiac and renal function impairment in the untreated HSF group may be due to the intrinsic mechanisms of obesity, and the probability of lipotoxicity, which is characterized by the increased flow of lipids to non-adipose organs when the adipose tissue capacity store is exceeded, resulting in ectopic fat deposits [ 40 , 41 ]. The inference that lipotoxicity was the main cause of comorbidities was due to the fact that the animals treated with γOz did not show hypertriglyceridemia or obesity, but maintained alterations in three risk factors: high glucose, insulin, and blood pressure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Gamma-Oryzanol as Therapeutic Agent to Prevent Cardiorenal Metabolic Syndrome in Animals Submitted to High Sugar-Fat Diet

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: The high consumption of fat and sugar contributes to the development of obesity and co-morbidities, such as diabetes, and cardiovascular and kidney diseases. Different strategies have been used to prevent these diseases associated with obesity, such as changes in eating habits and/or the addition of dietary components with anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties, such as gamma-oryzanol (γOz) present mainly in bran layers and rice germ. Methods: Animals were randomly divided into four experimental groups and fed ad libitum for 20 weeks with control diet (C, n = 8), control diet + γOz (C + γOz, n = 8), high-sugar and high-fat diet (HSF, n = 8), and high-sugar and high-fat diet + γOz (HSF + γOz, n = 8). HSF groups also received water + sucrose (25%). The dose of γOz was added to diets to reach 0.5% of final concentration (w/w). Evaluation in animals included food and caloric intake, body weight, plasma glucose, insulin, triglycerides, uric acid, HOMA-IR, glomerular filtration rate, protein/creatinine ratio, systolic blood pressure, and Doppler echocardiographic. Results: Animals that consumed the HSF diet had weight gain compared to group C, increased insulin, HOMA, glucose and triglycerides, there were also atrial and ventricular structural alterations, deterioration of systolic and diastolic function, decreased glomerular filtration rate, and proteinuria. Gamma-oryzanol is significantly protective against effects on body weight, hypertriglyceridemia, renal damage, and against structural and functional alteration of the heart. Conclusion: Gamma-oryzanol shows potential as a therapeutic to prevent Cardiorenal Metabolic Syndrome.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Gamma-Oryzanol as Therapeutic Agent to Prevent Cardiorenal Metabolic Syndrome in Animals Submitted to High Sugar-Fat Diet

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“… 42 , 43 In regard to renal disease, obesity has been shown to be a risk factor in its development. 44 Furthermore, the metabolic syndrome—central obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and impaired glucose tolerance—is associated with both renal disease and mortality with renal failure. 45 , 46 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity as a Risk Factor for Radiographic Contrast-Induced Nephropathy

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is common. Risk factors include preexisting renal impairment, diabetes, elderly age, and dehydration. In a single-centre prospective study, we investigated which factors are implicated for CIN in patients with peripheral arterial disease due for angiography. Serum creatinine was measured before, 1, 2, and 7 days post-angiography. We also considered the chronic kidney disease stage of the patients at admission and 48 hours post-contrast. All patients received 500 mL normal saline pre- and post-angiography and a low-osmolality contrast medium. 6 of 94 patients developed CIN: 1 required dialysis and 1 died partly due to renal failure. Only 2 factors were associated with CIN: body mass index (BMI; P = .019) and kidney function ( P = .001); 4 of 6 patients with CIN were obese (BMI ≥30) and only 2 were nonobese ( P = .0092). Diabetes, contrast volume, and age were not significant risk factors. Our results confirm renal impairment raises the risk of CIN. To our knowledge, we report for the first time that obesity may be a risk factor for CIN. Pending confirmatory studies and given the rising prevalence of obesity, this finding could help identify at-risk patients and hence reduce the burden of CIN.

show abstract

“…Obesity has been associated with elevated proteinuria in humans as well as animals ( Bagby, 2004 ; Chen et al, 2004 ; Kurella et al, 2005 ; Kanauchi et al, 2006 ; Ninomiya and Kiyohara, 2007 ; Wahba and Mak, 2007 ; McPherson et al, 2016 , 2019 , 2020 ; Kovesdy et al, 2017 ). In the current study, proteinuria was already markedly elevated at baseline in SS LepR mutant rats compared to SS rats and had a tendency to decrease over the course of study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment With Gemfibrozil Prevents the Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease in Obese Dahl Salt-Sensitive Rats

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Recently, we reported that Dahl salt-sensitive leptin receptor mutant (SS LepR mutant) rats exhibit dyslipidemia and renal lipid accumulation independent of hyperglycemia that progresses to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Therefore, in the current study, we examined the effects of gemfibrozil, a lipid-lowering drug (200 mg/kg/day, orally), on the progression of renal injury in SS and SS LepR mutant rats for 4 weeks starting at 12 weeks of age. Plasma triglyceride levels were markedly elevated in the SS LepR mutant strain compared to SS rats (1193 ± 243 and 98 ± 16 mg/day, respectively). Gemfibrozil treatment only reduced plasma triglycerides in the SS LepR mutant strain (410 ± 79 mg/dL). MAP was significantly higher in the SS LepR mutant strain vs. SS rats at the end of the study (198 ± 7 vs. 165 ± 7 mmHg, respectively). Administration of gemfibrozil only lowered MAP in SS LepR mutant rats (163 ± 8 mmHg). During the course of the study, proteinuria increased to 125 ± 22 mg/day in SS rats. However, proteinuria did not change in the SS LepR mutant strain and remained near baseline (693 ± 58 mg/day). Interestingly, treatment with gemfibrozil increased the progression of proteinuria by 77% in the SS LepR mutant strain without affecting proteinuria in SS rats. The renal injury in the SS LepR mutant strain progressed to CKD. Moreover, the kidneys from SS LepR mutant rats displayed significant glomerular injury with mesangial expansion and increased renal lipid accumulation and fibrosis compared to SS rats. Treatment with gemfibrozil significantly reduced glomerular injury and lipid accumulation and improved renal function. These data indicate that reducing plasma triglyceride levels with gemfibrozil inhibits hypertension and CKD associated with obesity in SS LepR mutant rats.

show abstract

Obesity and kidney disease: Hidden consequences of the epidemic

Cited by 45 publications

References 91 publications

Effect of Gamma-Oryzanol as Therapeutic Agent to Prevent Cardiorenal Metabolic Syndrome in Animals Submitted to High Sugar-Fat Diet

Effect of Gamma-Oryzanol as Therapeutic Agent to Prevent Cardiorenal Metabolic Syndrome in Animals Submitted to High Sugar-Fat Diet

Obesity as a Risk Factor for Radiographic Contrast-Induced Nephropathy

Treatment With Gemfibrozil Prevents the Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease in Obese Dahl Salt-Sensitive Rats

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About