Obesity and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Bullón‐Vela, Vanessa; Abete, Itziar; Martínez, J. Alfredo; Zulet, M. Ángeles

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-812504-5.00006-4

Cited by 13 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…The FLI was positively associated with the third tertile of the TyG index, in the same manner that the HSI, indicating that subjects with higher values of TyG had 3.46 more units of HSI compared to the reference (lower values). Taking together, these results can be explained by the fact that insulin resistance is a major feature of NAFLD by increasing de novo lipogenesis and FFAs ux to the liver through decreased inhibition of lipolysis [5] promoting in ammation, oxidative stress [57] and hepatocyte injure [58].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Relationship between visceral adipose tissue and triglyceride glucose index with liver status in men and women with metabolic syndrome features: sex differences

Bullón‐Vela

Abete

Tur

et al. 2020

Preprint

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BackgroundMetabolic syndrome (MetS) comprises several clinical and metabolic risk factors that increase the risk to develop cardiovascular disease and other comorbidities. Meanwhile, ageing and biological differences between men and women play an important role in body fat distribution and health status. The current study aimed to evaluate the association of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and the triglyceride and glucose index (TyG) with metabolic and liver risk factors among subjects diagnosed with MetS with emphasis on differences attributable to sex.MethodsA cross-sectional study was performed including 326 individuals with MetS (54–75 years) from the PREDIMED-Plus study. Liver markers, visceral fat (VAT) and the triglyceride glucose index (TyG) were assessed. Participants were stratified according to VAT and TyG tertiles. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the efficiency of TyG for VAT.ResultsSubjects with greater visceral fat depots showed worse lipid profile, higher HOMA-R, TyG, ALT, fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF-21), fatty liver index (FLI) and hepatic steatosis index (HSI) compared to participants in the 1st tertile. The multi-adjusted linear regression analyses indicated that individuals in the third tertile of TyG (> 9.1–10.7 units) had a positive association with HOMA-IR (β = 3.07 [95% CI, 2.28–3.86]; p-trend < 0.001), ALT (β = 7.43 [95%CI, 2.23–12.63]; p-trend = 0.005), GGT (β = 14.12 [95% CI, 3.64–24.61; p-trend = 0.008]), FGF-21 (β = 190.69 [95% CI, 93.13-288.25; p-trend < 0.001]), FLI (β = 18.65 [95%CI, 14.97–22.23]; p-trend < 0.001) and HSI (β = 3.46 [95% CI, 2.23–4.68; p-trend < 0.001]) versus participants from the first tertile. Interestingly, the TyG showed the largest AUC for women (AUC = 0.713; 95%CI, 0.62–0.79) compared to men (AUC = 0.570; 95%CI, 0.48–0.66), despite the differences in VAT content associated to sex.ConclusionsBoth, VAT and the TyG are strongly associated with cardiometabolic and liver risk factors linked with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in men and women diagnosed with MetS. The TyG could be used as suitable marker estimator of VAT in women.Trial registrationRetrospectively registered at the International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial (http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN89898870), registration date: 24 July 2014.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Relationship between visceral adipose tissue and triglyceride glucose index with liver status in men and women with metabolic syndrome features: sex differences

Bullón‐Vela

Abete

Tur

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Taken together, these results can be explained by insulin resistance being a major feature of NAFLD that works by increasing de novo lipogenesis and FFA flux to the liver through decreased inhibition of lipolysis, 4 promoting inflammation, oxidative stress 55 and hepatocyte injury. 56 Thus, individuals with pre-diabetes and T2DM represent an at-high-risk population where early diagnosis of NAFLD is crucial. 5 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship of visceral adipose tissue with surrogate insulin resistance and liver markers in individuals with metabolic syndrome chronic complications

Bullón‐Vela

Abete

Tur

et al. 2020

Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology

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Background: Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) has a hazardous influence on systemic inflammation, insulin resistance and an adverse metabolic profile, which increases the risk of developing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and chronic complications of diabetes. In our study we aimed to evaluate the association of VAT and the triglyceride glucose (TyG) as a proxy of insulin resistance surrogated with metabolic and liver risk factors among subjects diagnosed with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed including 326 participants with MetS (55–75 years) from the PREDIMED-Plus study. Liver-status markers, VAT and TyG were assessed. Participants were stratified by tertiles according to VAT ( n = 254) and TyG ( n = 326). A receiver operating characteristic curve was used to analyse the efficiency of TyG for VAT. Results: Subjects with greater visceral fat depots showed worse lipid profile, higher homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), TyG, alanine transaminase (ALT), fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF-21), fatty liver index (FLI) and hepatic steatosis index (HSI) compared with participants in the first tertile. The multi-adjusted linear-regression analyses indicated that individuals in the third tertile of TyG (>9.1−10.7) had a positive association with HOMA-IR [ β = 3.07 (95% confidence interval (CI) 2.28−3.86; p trend < 0.001)], ALT [ β = 7.43 (95% CI 2.23−12.63; p trend = 0.005)], gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) [ β = 14.12 (95% CI 3.64−24.61; p trend = 0.008)], FGF-21 [ β = 190.69 (95% CI 93.13−288.25; p trend < 0.001)], FLI [ β = 18.65 (95% CI 14.97−22.23; p trend < 0.001)] and HSI [ β = 3.46 (95% CI, 2.23−4.68; p trend < 0.001)] versus participants from the first tertile. Interestingly, the TyG showed the largest area under the receiver operating curve (AUC) for women (AUC = 0.713; 95% CI 0.62−0.79) compared with men (AUC = 0.570; 95% CI 0.48−0.66). Conclusions: A disrupted VAT enlargement and impairment of TyG are strongly associated with liver status and cardiometabolic risk factors linked with NAFLD in individuals diagnosed with MetS. Moreover, the TyG could be used as a suitable and reliable marker estimator of VAT.

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“…However, in a prospective cohort study, Semba et al did not find significant differences in lipid profile and inflammatory cytokines across groups of total urinary resveratrol [ 39 ]. It is essential to highlight that our participants had MetS, which are closely related to NAFLD due to deregulation of the de novo lipogenesis (DNL), insulin resistance, and hepatic triglyceride accumulation [ 5 , 6 ]. Thus, these findings suggested that resveratrol could improve liver parameters.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…NAFLD is characterized by simple hepatic steatosis (excessive triglyceride accumulation) leading to alterations in oxidative and inflammatory pathways. This state promotes non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), subsequently cirrhosis and hepatic carcinoma in last stages [ 3 , 5 ]. The prevalence of NAFLD increases with rates of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), mainly due to unhealthy lifestyle behaviors [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been suggested that insulin resistance and abnormal lipid profile were strongly involved in NAFLD pathogenesis and prognosis [ 3 ]. Hyperinsulinemia increases free fatty acid levels promoting a disrupted flux of triglycerides into hepatocytes [ 5 , 6 , 7 ]. In NAFLD, commonly abnormal elevation of serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) have presented [ 3 , 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Urinary Resveratrol Metabolites Output: Differential Associations with Cardiometabolic Markers and Liver Enzymes in House-Dwelling Subjects Featuring Metabolic Syndrome

et al. 2020

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Metabolic syndrome (MetS) components are strongly associated with increased risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) development. Several studies have supported that resveratrol is associated with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects on health status. The main objective of this study was to assess the putative associations between some urinary resveratrol phase II metabolites, cardiometabolic, and liver markers in individuals diagnosed with MetS. In this cross-sectional study, 266 participants from PREDIMED Plus study (PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea) were divided into tertiles of total urinary resveratrol phase II metabolites (sum of five resveratrol conjugation metabolites). Urinary resveratrol metabolites were analyzed by ultra- performance liquid chromatography coupled to triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-q-Q MS), followed by micro-solid phase extraction (µ-SPE) method. Liver function markers were assessed using serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT). Moreover, lipid profile was measured by triglycerides, very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-c), and total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein ratio (total cholesterol/HDL). Linear regression adjusted models showed that participants with higher total urine resveratrol concentrations exhibited improved lipid and liver markers compared to the lowest tertile. For lipid determinations: log triglycerides (βT3= −0.15, 95% CI; −0.28, −0.02, p-trend = 0.030), VLDL-c, (βT3= −4.21, 95% CI; −7.97, −0.46, p-trend = 0.039), total cholesterol/HDL ratio Moreover, (βT3= −0.35, 95% CI; −0.66, −0.03, p-trend = 0.241). For liver enzymes: log AST (βT3= −0.12, 95% CI; −0.22, −0.02, p-trend = 0.011, and log GGT (βT3= −0.24, 95% CI; −0.42, −0.06, p-trend = 0.002). However, there is no difference found on glucose variables between groups. To investigate the risk of elevated serum liver markers, flexible regression models indicated that total urine resveratrol metabolites were associated with a lower risk of higher ALT (169.2 to 1314.3 nmol/g creatinine), AST (599.9 to 893.8 nmol/g creatinine), and GGT levels (169.2 to 893.8 nmol/g creatinine). These results suggested that higher urinary concentrations of some resveratrol metabolites might be associated with better lipid profile and hepatic serum enzymes. Moreover, urinary resveratrol excreted showed a reduced odds ratio for higher liver enzymes, which are linked to NAFLD.

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Obesity and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Cited by 13 publications

References 138 publications

Relationship between visceral adipose tissue and triglyceride glucose index with liver status in men and women with metabolic syndrome features: sex differences

Relationship between visceral adipose tissue and triglyceride glucose index with liver status in men and women with metabolic syndrome features: sex differences

Relationship of visceral adipose tissue with surrogate insulin resistance and liver markers in individuals with metabolic syndrome chronic complications

Urinary Resveratrol Metabolites Output: Differential Associations with Cardiometabolic Markers and Liver Enzymes in House-Dwelling Subjects Featuring Metabolic Syndrome

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