Obesity and pregnancy

Andreasen, Kirsten Riis; Andersen, Malene Lundgren; Schantz, Anne

doi:10.1080/j.0001-6349.2004.00624.x

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…However, we found that the IOM guidelines seemed to be less protective for adverse birth outcomes in obese women examined in this study. The importance of obese women avoiding excessive GWG have also been documented in both earlier and more recent studies [1,9,28] and in grossly overweight women weight reduction has been recommended [12,28]. In obese women no increased risk for SGA among those who gained 0.1-4.9 kg during pregnancy has been found [9,11], and our data did not show increased risk of giving birth to a SGA baby for GWG < IOM rec..…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

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Associations of pre-pregnancy body mass index and gestational weight gain with pregnancy outcome and postpartum weight retention: a prospective observational cohort study

Haugen

Brantsæter

Winkvist

et al. 2014

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

246

198

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BackgroundExcessive gestational weight gain (GWG) is associated with pregnancy complications, and Norwegian Health Authorities have adopted the GWG recommendations of the US Institute of Medicine and National Research Council (IOM). The aim of this study was to evaluate if a GWG outside the IOM recommendation in a Norwegian population is associated with increased risk of pregnancy complications like hypertension, low and high birth weight, preeclampsia, emergency caesarean delivery, and maternal post-partum weight retention (PPWR) at 6 and 18 months.MethodsThis study was performed in 56 101 pregnant women included in the prospective national Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa) in the years 1999 to 2008. Women who delivered a singleton live born child during gestational week 37 to 42 were included. Maternal prepregnant and postpartum weight was collected from questionnaires at 17th week of gestation and 6 and 18 months postpartum.ResultsA weight gain less than the IOM recommendations (GWG < IOM rec.) increased the risk for giving birth to a low weight baby among normal weight nulliparous women. A weight gain higher than the IOM recommendations (GWG > IOM rec.) significantly increased the risk of pregnancy hypertension, a high birth weight baby, preeclampsia and emergency cesarean delivery in both nulliparous and parous normal weight women. Similar results were found for overweight women except for no increased risk for gestational hypertension in parous women with GWG > IOM rec. Seventy-four percent of the overweight nulliparous women and 66% of the obese women had a GWG > IOM rec. A GWG > IOM rec. resulted in increased risk of PPWR > 2 kg in all weight classes, but most women attained their prepregnant weight class by 18 months post-partum.ConclusionsFor prepregnant normal weight and overweight women a GWG > IOM rec. increased the risk for unfavorable birth outcomes in both nulliparous and parous women. A GWG > IOM rec. increased the risk of a PPWR > 2 kg at 18 months in all weight classes. This large study supports the Norwegian Health authorities’ recommendations for normal weight and overweight women to comply with the IOM rec.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…The global obesity epidemic affecting women of reproductive age is a major contributor to adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes [1,2]. Excessive gestational weight gain has been associated with an increase in adverse birth and pregnancy outcomes independent of prepregnancy weight [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of pre-pregnancy body mass index and gestational weight gain with pregnancy outcome and postpartum weight retention: a prospective observational cohort study

Haugen

Brantsæter

Winkvist

et al. 2014

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

246

198

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“…Maternal obesity is a strong predictor of both childhood obesity and long-term metabolic dysfunction 34,35 . It has been recommended that obese women receive preconception counselling to reduce the risks related to pregnancy for both themselves and their babies 36,37 . Pre-conception or ante-natal counselling may assist these women in limiting weight gain during pregnancy 29 .…”

Section: Obstetric Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Induction of labour in obese women has been associated with high failure rates (14.6% vs 7.9% in non-obese parturients in one study) 29 , while vaginal birth after caesarean delivery has been demonstrated to be less successful in obese and morbidly obese women (OR 1.99, 95% CI 1.20 to 3.30 and 2.22, 95% CI 1.11 to 4.44, respectively) 54,55 . Obese women have slower rates of cervical dilatation 56 so are more likely to need augmentation of labour, as indicated by the need for oxytocin (57% vs 40%) and early amniotomy (26% vs 15%) 36 .…”

Section: Labour and Deliverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity and Obstetric Anaesthesia

Mace

Paech²,

McDonnell³

2011

Anaesth Intensive Care

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Obesity is increasing in the population as a whole, and especially in the obstetric population, among whom pregnancy-induced physiological changes impact on those already present due to obesity. In particular, changes in the cardiovascular and respiratory systems during pregnancy further alter the physiological effects and comorbidities of obesity. Obese pregnant women are at increased risk of diabetes, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, ischaemic heart disease, congenital malformations, operative delivery, postpartum infection and thromboembolism. Regional analgesia and anaesthesia is usually preferred but may be challenging. Obese pregnant women appear to have increased morbidity and mortality associated with caesarean delivery and general anaesthesia for caesarean delivery in particular, and more anaesthesia-related complications. This article summarises the physiological and pharmacological implications of obesity and pregnancy and describes the issues surrounding the management of these women for labour and delivery.

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“…3 In 2004, about 4.1 million live births and 25,655 stillbirths (fetal deaths at 20 or more weeks of gestation) were registered in the U.S. 4 Significant racial disparity exists in the occurrence of stillbirths, with rates among non-Hispanic African American mothers at two to three times the rate of non-Hispanic white mothers. [5][6][7][8][9][10] A number of risk factors for stillbirth have been identified, including low socioeconomic status, very young and advanced maternal age, obesity, multigravida, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, and congenital anomalies; [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] however, the factors that contribute to most stillbirths remain unknown. [24][25][26] One of the challenges to conducting epidemiologic studies of stillbirth has been the limited availability of reliable population-based surveillance data.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges and Priorities for Surveillance of Stillbirths: A Report on Two Workshops

et al. 2009

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Stillbirths, those with and without birth defects, are an important public health topic. The National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention conducted two workshops during April and July 2005. Both workshops explored the challenges of conducting surveillance of stillbirths. Workshop participants considered an approach that added the surveillance of stillbirths, those with and without birth defects, as part of existing population-based birth defects surveillance programs in Iowa and Atlanta. The workshops addressed three key aspects for expanding birth defects programs to conduct active, population-based surveillance on stillbirths: ( 1) case identification and ascertainment, ( 2) data collection, and ( 3) data use and project evaluation. Participants included experts in pediatrics, obstetrics, epidemiology, maternal-fetal medicine, perinatology and pediatric pathology, midwifery, as well as practicing clinicians and pathologists. Expanding existing birth defects surveillance programs to include information of stillbirths could potentially enhance the data available on fetal death reports and also could benefit such programs by improving the ascertainment of birth defects.

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Obesity and pregnancy

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

Associations of pre-pregnancy body mass index and gestational weight gain with pregnancy outcome and postpartum weight retention: a prospective observational cohort study

Associations of pre-pregnancy body mass index and gestational weight gain with pregnancy outcome and postpartum weight retention: a prospective observational cohort study

Obesity and Obstetric Anaesthesia

Challenges and Priorities for Surveillance of Stillbirths: A Report on Two Workshops

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