Obesity and risk for hypertension and diabetes among Kenyan adults

Temu, Tecla M; Macharia, Paul; Mtui, James; Mwangi, Martin; Ngungi, Paul W; Wanjalla, Celestine N.; Bloomfield, Gerald S.; Farquhar, Carey; Nyanjau, Loise; Gathecha, Gladwell; Kibachio, Joseph

doi:10.1097/md.0000000000027484

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…All parameters differed significantly between men and women. The prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome was 20 www.nature.com/scientificreports/ blood pressure, serum creatinine concentration, serum AST, ALT, and γ-GTP levels, serum TG concentration, FPG, and HbA 1c level increased with obesity, whereas serum HDL-C concentration decreased with it (Table 2). With regard to medications, prescriptions for diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia increased with increasing obesity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…( 1234567890 www.nature.com/scientificreports/ therefore be a characteristic of Japanese that the development of diabetes and hypertension is closely associated with increasing obesity. On the other hand, a study of Kenyan adults showed that obesity was associated with hypertension and dyslipidemia but not with diabetes 20 . This difference may reflect the fact that most individuals with diabetes are younger and leaner in sub-Saharan Africa compared with those in high-income countries 21 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Obesity and risk for its comorbidities diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia in Japanese individuals aged 65 years

Yamada

Kimura-Koyanagi

Sakaguchi

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia are obesity-related comorbidities that contribute to the development of cardiovascular disease, one of the leading causes of death. In addition to obesity, the underweight condition is a concern because it can give rise to sarcopenia, particularly after the age of 65 years. We examined the risk for diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia due to obesity in individuals of this age. We retrospectively investigated the relation between obesity and its three major comorbidities in 10,852 individuals aged 65 years who underwent health checkups implemented by Kobe City between April 2017 and March 2021. The prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia with and without hyper-low-density lipoprotein-cholesterolemia was 9.7%, 41.0%, 63.8%, and 19.5%, respectively, and the prevalence of these conditions increased with increasing obesity. The risk for diabetes and hypertension was increased markedly (odds ratios of 12.95 and 19.44, respectively), and that for dyslipidemia with and without hyper-low-density lipoprotein-cholesterolemia was modestly increased (odds ratios of 2.59 and 3.65, respectively) at a BMI of ≥ 35 kg/m2 compared with normal weight. Analysis by gender revealed that the obesity-related risk for dyslipidemia with hyper-low-density lipoprotein-cholesterolemia was small compared with other comorbidities in women, while the risk for all comorbidities elevated similarly in men. Our results suggest the importance of public health intervention for obesity to suppress its comorbidities, especially diabetes and hypertension, at this age.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Obesity and risk for its comorbidities diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia in Japanese individuals aged 65 years

Yamada

Kimura-Koyanagi

Sakaguchi

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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“…A study in Kenya showed that generally and centrally obese adults were twice as likely to have HTN and dyslipidemia and four times more likely to have multiple comorbidities than their normal weight and normal WC counterparts, regardless of gender [ 33 ]. In Indonesia, where the World Health Organization (WHO) classification is used, obese individuals were approximately 2.61 times more likely to have HTN than those with normal BMI, and those with abdominal obesity were 1.50 times more likely to have HTN than those without abdominal obesity, after adjusting for covariates [ 7 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The synergistic effect of obesity and dyslipidemia on hypertension: results from the STEPS survey

Mohseni,

Khalili,

Djalalinia

et al. 2024

Diabetol Metab Syndr

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Background Obesity and dyslipidemia are important risk factors for hypertension (HTN). When these two conditions coexist, they may interact in a synergistic manner and increase the risk of developing HTN and its associated complications. The aim of this study was to investigate the synergistic effect of general and central obesity with dyslipidemia on the risk of HTN. Method Data from 40,387 individuals aged 25 to 64 years were obtained from a repeated cross-sectional study examining risk factors for non-communicable diseases (STEPS) in 2007, 2011 and 2016. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated as a measure of general obesity and waist circumference (WC) as a measure of central obesity. Dyslipidemia was defined as the presence of at least one of the lipid abnormalities. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg or current use of antihypertensive medication. To analyze the synergistic effect between obesity and dyslipidemia and HTN, the relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI), attributable proportion due to interaction (AP), and synergy index (SI) were calculated. A weighted logistic regression model was performed to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) for the risk of HTN. Results The results showed an association between obesity, dyslipidemia and hypertension. The interaction between obesity and dyslipidemia significantly influences the risk of hypertension. In hypertensive patients, the presence of general obesity increased from 14.55% without dyslipidemia to 64.36% with dyslipidemia, while central obesity increased from 13.27 to 58.88%. This interaction is quantified by RERI and AP values of 0.15 and 0.06 for general obesity and 0.24 and 0.09 for central obesity, respectively. The corresponding SI of 1.11 and 1.16 indicate a synergistic effect. The OR also show that the risk of hypertension is increased in the presence of obesity and dyslipidemia. Conclusion Obesity and dyslipidemia are risk factors for HTN. In addition, dyslipidemia with central obesity increases the risk of HTN and has a synergistic interaction effect on HTN. Therefore, the coexistence of obesity and lipid abnormalities has many clinical implications and should be appropriately monitored and evaluated in the management of HTN.

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“…Las enfermedades cardiovasculares (ECV) como los accidentes cerebrovasculares, insuficiencia cardiaca y enfermedades coronarias, representan el 33 % de todas las muertes a nivel mundial, más de dos tercios de esas muertes ocurren en países de bajos ingresos (1). La hipertensión arterial (HTA) supone un problema sanitario y económico a nivel mundial y el principal factor de riesgo de las ECV.…”

Section: Introduccionunclassified

Registro multicéntrico de hipertensión arterial, factores de riesgo cardiovascular asociados y adherencia terapéutica en Cochabamba-Bolivia

Paz Soldan Patino,

Saavedra Rodríguez,

Ureña Cordero

et al. 2023

Rev. Inv. Inf. Sal.

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Introducción: La hipertensión arterial (HTA) es la principal causa de muerte cardiovascular, afecta más del 30 % de la población; es el factor de riesgo fundamental para desarrollar enfermedades cardiovasculares; es necesario conocer su prevalencia, características epidemiológicas, factores de riesgo cardiovascular y adherencia al tratamiento. Materiales y métodos: Estudio observacional, analítico, prospectivo, transversal; en dos etapas (día mundial de hipertensión arterial y del corazón), participaron 20 instituciones; se siguieron las recomendaciones de las guías de prácticas globales de hipertensión 2020 y Sociedad Internacional de HTA, por medio de una encuesta y el test de Morisky-Green-Levine para evaluar la adherencia al tratamiento. Resultados: Se incluyeron 1624 individuos; 20 % de prevalencia; 58,8 % sexo femenino; mediana de edad de 63 años en hipertensos; presión arterial (PA) con 130/80 mmHg en HTA. Diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) con 31 %, dislipidemia 12 % y el IMC de 29,9 Kg/m2, con valores más altos en sobrepeso y obesidad en pacientes con HTA (p=<0,001). Terapia más empleada losartan con 62 %. Respuesta de adherencia al tratamiento refleja 61 % que indica olvido ocasional y 44 % lo deja si se siente bien. Por otro lado, existe 6,37 veces de probabilidad de HTA con la DM2, dislipidemia (OR=2,40), edad (OR=4,85); la curva de ROC muestra un ABC de 0,731 para la edad y 0,6 para peso e IMC. Conclusión: Muestra que el diagnóstico y manejo precoz de HTA es fundamental, tomando en cuenta varios factores de riesgo como la edad, DM2, dislipidemia y el IMC.

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Obesity and risk for hypertension and diabetes among Kenyan adults

Cited by 8 publications

References 19 publications

Obesity and risk for its comorbidities diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia in Japanese individuals aged 65 years

Obesity and risk for its comorbidities diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia in Japanese individuals aged 65 years

The synergistic effect of obesity and dyslipidemia on hypertension: results from the STEPS survey

Registro multicéntrico de hipertensión arterial, factores de riesgo cardiovascular asociados y adherencia terapéutica en Cochabamba-Bolivia

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