Obesity and smoking habits.

Pincherle, G.

doi:10.1136/bmj.4.5782.298

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Smokers gain weight when they quit smoking (e.g., Blitzer, Rimm, & Giefer, 1977; Bosse, Garvey, & Costa, 1980; Coates & Li, 1983; Garvey, Bosse, & Seltzer, 1974; Gordon, Kannel, Dawber, & McGee, 1975; Howell, 1971; Pincherle, 1971). Cessation-caused weight gain may be a reason to avoid quitting for some smokers (Comstock & Stone, 1972).…”

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confidence: 99%

Smoking abstinence, eating style, and food intake.

Duffy¹,

Hall²

1988

Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology

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Individual differences in weight gain after smoking cessation may reflect differences in eating restraint that exist before cessation. It was hypothesized that abstinent smokers with high scores on the Eating Inventory Disinhibition Scale would be more likely to overeat than nonabstinent smokers or abstinent smokers with lower Disinhibition Scale scores. Forty smokers completed the Eating Inventory and the Profile of Mood States (POMS). Subjects were randomly assigned to 24-hr cigarette abstinence or to continued smoking. Subjects then participated in an ice cream tasting task, after which they were free to eat as much ice cream as they wanted. The hypothesis was confirmed. Exploratory analyses indicated that eating behavior items predicted the amount eaten and that weight fluctuation items did not. The POMS Confusion Scale scores were highest for abstinent subjects who scored high on the Disinhibition Scale. A parallel but nonsignificant relation was observed for POMS Tension Scale scores. The meaning of these data for the relation between smoking cessation and weight gain is discussed.Smokers gain weight when they quit smoking (e.g., Blitzer,

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confidence: 99%

Smoking abstinence, eating style, and food intake.

Duffy¹,

Hall²

1988

Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology

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“…Ashford and his co-workers (1961) found that there were 80% of smokers among coal workers at three Scottish collieries. In contrast, only 47% of the Institute of Directors members are reported to be smokers (Pincherle, 1971). A great change in smoking habits has been observed among doctors between 1951 and 1966-the percentage of smokers decreased from 66 to 49.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…There are fewer smokers in the higher social classes (Figure 1) and those who do not smoke are on average lighter than the corresponding groups of the lower social classes (Figure 4). Pincherle (1971) was unable to differentiate the members of the Institute of Directors by their smoking habits. In another report on the Institute members (Richardson and Pincherle, 1969) the overall estimated weight at 68 inches (1 7 m) was given as 170 lb (77* 1 kg).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…However, Waller and Brooks (1972) found little difference between the body weights of non-smokers and smokers, surveyed while attending a public health exhibition in the city of London, and Pincherle (1971) has published a table showing four broad weight groupings (expressed as a percentage of average weight for age and height, calculated from the Metropolitan Insurance Company data) for the members of the Institute of Directors with the comment that the weight distributions could not be discriminated according to smoking habits. Because the Institute members are all from social classes I and II, it was suggested that the disagreement with our own findings might be attributable to differences in the trends of obesity and smoking habits according to social class.…”

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Obesity and smoking habits by social class.

Khosla¹,

Lowe²

1972

Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health

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In a recent paper we reported that there are considerable differences in the body weights of men categorized by their smoking habits (Khosla and Lowe, 1971). In a population of 10,482 steel workers we found that the men who had never smoked were much heavier than the smokers and that the men who had given up smoking for eight or more years were almost as heavy as those who had never smoked. The difference between the weights of non-smokers and smokers increased with age to the extent that over 40 years of age it was about 13 lb (5 9 kg).Our findings are in general agreement with two earlier surveys reported in the literature. In a largescale study of coal workers at three Scottish collieries, Ashford and his co-workers (1961) found that non-smokers were consistently heavier than smokers at each of six age groups, and at 40 years of age or over the difference was about 10 lb (4 5 kg). A survey of 8,548 Norwegian seamen and 9,114 men ashore (Natvig and Vellar, 1965) showed similar body weight differences in relation to smoking habits in the middle-age groups.However, Waller and Brooks (1972) found little difference between the body weights of non-smokers and smokers, surveyed while attending a public health exhibition in the city of London, and Pincherle (1971) has published a table showing four broad weight groupings (expressed as a percentage of average weight for age and height, calculated from the Metropolitan Insurance Company data) for the members of the Institute of Directors with the comment that the weight distributions could not be discriminated according to smoking habits. Because the Institute members are all from social classes I and II, it was suggested that the disagreement with our own findings might be attributable to differences in the trends of obesity and smoking habits according to social class. This is a point of some importance, for 78 % of men in our study were drawn from social classes III and IV. In this paper, therefore, we examine our data on the weights of the steel workers in relation to their social class as well as to their age and smoking habits.

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“…Lowe (1971) has reported that within his sample of Birmingham factory workers seen in 1960, the differences in weight between smoking categories were similar to those seen in the Welsh study, and Ashford et al (1961) found that among coal-miners non-smokers were heavier (and taller) than smokers. Pincherle (1971) found little difference in the distribution of weights in relation to smoking habits in his study of businessmen, and he considered that weight gain was not an inevitable consequence of giving up smoking. Howell (1971), on the other hand, has reported differences in weight gain between men in various smoking categories, although these differences were small in comparison with those of Khosla and Lowe.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%