Obesity and symptoms of depression among adults in selected countries of the <scp>M</scp>iddle <scp>E</scp>ast: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

Abou-Abbas, Linda; Salameh, Pascale; Nasser, Wissam; Nasser, Zeina; Godin, Isabelle

doi:10.1111/cob.12082

Cited by 54 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Few also seem to seek psychological treatment despite a high incidence of pain negatively affecting mood. Because of a need among certain individuals to underreport information, the association between depression, obesity, and medical health, strongly supported elsewhere,47 may not be as strong in this study. Finally, we chose to translate the survey data from Arabic into English.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Prevalence of chronic pain with neuropathic characteristics: a randomized telephone survey among medical center patients in Kuwait

Zghoul

Ross

Edwards

et al. 2017

JPR

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BackgroundChronic pain with neuropathic characteristics is considered to be an international health problem. However, surveys on the actual incidence of neuropathic pain have not been conducted in many Middle East countries, including Kuwait. The aim of this study was to examine the incidence of pain and medical comorbidities among a random sample of patients treated at a large medical center in Kuwait.MethodsA list of 1,000 patients was created from the hospital medical record system, and a telephone survey was conducted on 759 patients who responded to the phone call, of which 67.2% (N=510) participated. Those who stated that they had pain every day for the past 3 months were invited to answer additional questions about their pain.ResultsFifty-six percentage of those surveyed (N=283) reported experiencing chronic pain. Total average age was 49.2 years (SD=14.5), 45.5% were female, and 70.5% were Kuwaiti nationals. Most (74.3%) reported having diabetes and one-third (32.2%) showed evidence of neuropathic pain characteristics (mean DN4=2.8, SD=1.7). Other comorbid medical conditions were prevalent (48.4% hypertension, 30.4% arthritis, 22.6% heart disease, and 20.4% asthma) with an average of 2.3 (SD=1.3) medical problems per person. Those with pain tended to be older, female, unemployed, and overweight (p<0.01). The pain was mostly located in the lower extremities and those with neuropathic pain tended to report a higher intensity of pain and a higher frequency of seeking treatment for their pain in a clinic or hospital (p<0.05). Most relied on over-the-counter medications for their pain (38.1%). Very few were taking prescription medication for their pain.ConclusionThis survey suggests that chronic pain is more prevalent in a medical population in Kuwait than previously anticipated. Health care services and behavioral interventions to improve lifestyle changes in Kuwait and other Arab countries are needed to positively impact pain and reduce other comorbidities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Prevalence of chronic pain with neuropathic characteristics: a randomized telephone survey among medical center patients in Kuwait

Zghoul

Ross

Edwards

et al. 2017

JPR

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“…Our findings suggest that the commonly positive association between obesity and psychiatric disorders reported in observational studies345678 may not correspond to a causal risk-increasing effect (especially for bipolar disorder and schizophrenia). Such associations may have been driven by phenomena such as residual confounding, due to common causes imperfectly accounted for at study design and/or analysis; or reverse causation, due to, for example, side effects of anti-psychotic medication.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…There is considerable evidence suggesting an association between obesity and psychiatric disorders, including depression34, bipolar disorder56 and schizophrenia78. Reverse causality could be one of the explanations for this association because increase in body weight is a side effects of some anti-psychotic medications69.…”

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confidence: 99%

Body mass index and psychiatric disorders: a Mendelian randomization study

Hartwig

Bowden

Mola

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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Obesity is a highly prevalent risk factor for cardiometabolic diseases. Observational studies suggest that obesity is associated with psychiatric traits, but causal inference from such studies has several limitations. We used two-sample Mendelian randomization methods (inverse variance weighting, weighted median and MR-Egger regression) to evaluate the association of body mass index (BMI) with three psychiatric traits using data from the Genetic Investigation of Anthropometric Traits and Psychiatric Genomics consortia. Causal odds ratio estimates per 1-standard deviation increment in BMI ranged from 0.88 (95% CI: 0.62; 1.25) to 1.23 (95% CI: 0.65; 2.31) for bipolar disorder; 0.93 (0.78; 1.11) to 1.41 (0.87; 2.27) for schizophrenia; and 1.15 (95% CI: 0.92; 1.44) to 1.40 (95% CI: 1.03; 1.90) for major depressive disorder. Analyses removing potentially influential SNPs suggested that the effect estimates for depression might be underestimated. Our findings do not support the notion that higher BMI increases risk of bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. Although the point estimates for depression were consistent in all sensitivity analyses, the overall statistical evidence was weak. However, the fact that SNP-depression associations were estimated in relatively small samples reduced power to detect causal effects. This should be re-addressed when SNP-depression associations from larger studies become available.

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“…There is a general desire to avoid bringing shame upon individuals and their families because of chronic medical and mental health diagnoses, and this further leads to the tendency to under‐report problems. Even though there has been shown to be a significant positive association between medical comorbidities, obesity, and depression, particularly among women in the Middle East based on a meta‐analysis of studies , accurate data collection has been hampered because of a the strong social norm to under‐report this information.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic Pain, Comorbid Medical Conditions, and Associated Risk Factors in Kuwait: Gender and Nationality Differences

Deeny¹,

Hamdan²,

Ross

et al. 2015

Pain Med

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This extensive survey study that found female Kuwaitis to have a higher incidence of pain and medical comorbidities than males and non-Kuwaitis highlights the role of cultural factors in contributing to pain and comorbid medical conditions. This information is critical in organizing resources to implement adequate healthcare services and behavioral interventions in Kuwait and other Arab countries to improve pain and health-related conditions.

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Obesity and symptoms of depression among adults in selected countries of the Middle East: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

Cited by 54 publications

References 52 publications

Prevalence of chronic pain with neuropathic characteristics: a randomized telephone survey among medical center patients in Kuwait

Prevalence of chronic pain with neuropathic characteristics: a randomized telephone survey among medical center patients in Kuwait

Body mass index and psychiatric disorders: a Mendelian randomization study

Chronic Pain, Comorbid Medical Conditions, and Associated Risk Factors in Kuwait: Gender and Nationality Differences

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