Obesity and the US military family

Tanofsky‐Kraff, Marian; Sbrocco, Tracy; Theim, Kelly R.; Cohen, Lorenzo; Mackey, Eleanor R.; Stice, Eric; Henderson, Jennifer L.; McCreight, Sarah J.; Bryant, Edny J.; Stephens, Mark B.

doi:10.1002/oby.20566

Cited by 84 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…When issues such as obesity or the prevalence of eating disorder symptoms can be identified as a result of this research, then it would be essential to implement intervention or prevention programs [325, 326]. …”

Section: Nutritionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of the physiological and psychological health and wellbeing of naval service personnel and the modalities used for monitoring

2017

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Naval cohorts rely heavily on personnel to ensure the efficient running of naval organisations. As such, the wellbeing of personnel is essential. In an occupational setting, naval service personnel experience a variety of physiological and psychological stressors. Most naval services arrange annual physical fitness and body composition tests to ensure the physical readiness of personnel. However, these tests only evaluate a small amount of physiological capabilities. Components such as aerobic and strength capabilities are assessed, however, other components of physical fitness such as speed, agility, anaerobic capacity and flexibility are not. In addition to the physical capabilities, personnel are impacted by fatigue, nutrition and psychological stressors such as copping in stressful situations or dealing with time away from family and friends. This review will discuss the physiological and psychological factors that affect personnel’s wellbeing. In addition to this, it will also evaluate the methods that are used to assess both physiological and psychological wellbeing.

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Section: Nutritionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of the physiological and psychological health and wellbeing of naval service personnel and the modalities used for monitoring

2017

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“…Not only is obesity associated with increased chronic disease risks and health care costs but it can also threaten the careers of military personnel, operational readiness and safety, and national security . Valid, precise measures of adiposity are needed to both ensure that current military obesity trends are accurate and ensure that military recruitment and job security are not negatively impacted by inaccurate body fat standards . However, as of 2018, there were no universal adiposity standard requirements across the military.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Anthropometric Measures in US Military Personnel in the Classification of Overweight and Obesity

Shams-White

Chui

Deuster

et al. 2020

Obesity

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Objective This study aimed to determine (1) the level of agreement between BMI, circumference‐based equation (CBE) measures, waist circumference (WC), and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) measures and (2) whether BMI, CBE measures, or WC alone or in combination adequately reflects adiposity in military personnel compared with BIA. Methods BMI from measured height and weight (using military overweight cutoffs in men [BMI ≥ 27.5 kg/m2] and World Health Organization overweight cutoffs [BMI ≥ 25.0 kg/m2]), BMI body fat percentage (BF%), WC, CBE BF%, and BIA BF% were collected. Respondents (N = 389, 78% men) were categorized with normal fat versus overweight, obesity, or overfat. Levels of agreement and standard screening performance measures were compared between anthropometric measures and BIA. Results World Health Organization BMI and BIA BF% classified the most men and women with overweight/obesity; WC with BMI (BMI + WC) and WC alone classified the fewest men and women with overweight/obesity. Levels of agreement were all statistically significant and highest for BMI (men: Cohen's κ = 0.711; women: Cohen's κ = 0.814) and lowest for WC and BMI + WC (all Cohen's κ ≤ 0.270). BMI + CBE performed best overall (sensitivity = 50.9%, false discovery rate = 5.4%). Conclusions Our findings support BMI + CBE as an easy‐to‐implement combination to assess adiposity in the military.

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“…Members of the armed forces must meet strict fitness standards (e.g., abdominal circumference). Failure to meet these standards can result in military discharge, which also has nontrivial consequences for service members, including loss of wages, medical benefits, and years of service toward pension eligibility .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cost‐Effectiveness of a Weight Loss Intervention: An Adaptation of the Look AHEAD Lifestyle Intervention in the US Military

Manz

Waters

Clifton

et al. 2019

Obesity

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Objective This study aimed to assess whether a counselor‐initiated (CI) adaptation of the Look AHEAD (Action for Health in Diabetes) intensive lifestyle intervention in a military setting was cost‐effective relative to a self‐paced (SP) adaptation. Methods A cost‐effectiveness analysis from a payer perspective was performed alongside a 2014‐2017 randomized behavioral weight loss trial among 248 active‐duty military personnel stationed at a US Air Force base in Texas. Incremental cost‐effectiveness ratios were calculated for weight loss, reductions in waist circumference, and quality‐adjusted life‐years (QALYs). Results After 12 months, the CI adaptation cost more per participant compared with the SP adaptation ($1,081 vs. $120) but achieved greater weight loss (1.86 kg vs. 0.06 kg), greater reductions in waist circumference (1.85 cm vs. 0.48 cm), and more QALYs (0.871 vs. 0.856). The incremental cost‐effectiveness ratio for the CI adaptation relative to the SP adaptation was $61,268 per additional QALY. At willingness‐to‐pay thresholds of $50,000 and $100,000 per QALY, the CI adaptation was 45% and 49% likely to be cost‐effective, respectively. Conclusions The CI delivery of the Look AHEAD Intensive Lifestyle Intervention may offer a cost‐effective approach to tackle excess weight in the US military.

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Obesity and the US military family

Cited by 84 publications

References 67 publications

A review of the physiological and psychological health and wellbeing of naval service personnel and the modalities used for monitoring

A review of the physiological and psychological health and wellbeing of naval service personnel and the modalities used for monitoring

Comparison of Anthropometric Measures in US Military Personnel in the Classification of Overweight and Obesity

Cost‐Effectiveness of a Weight Loss Intervention: An Adaptation of the Look AHEAD Lifestyle Intervention in the US Military

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