Obesity and Thyroid Cancer: A Clinical Update

Παππά, Θεοδώρα; Alevizaki, Maria

doi:10.1089/thy.2013.0232

Cited by 111 publications

(111 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…The average age of these patients was 56.7 years at diagnosis, higher than the average age of 45.4 years among those staged as pT1N0/N1, pT2N0/N1, pT3N0. Associations with older age (1,11), multifocality (7,10), and the presence of lymph node metastases (7,12) with advanced stages and prognosis were reported in differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Of the 68 patients who had differentiated carcinoma and developed distant metastases (9.2%), 46 were age 50 years or older at the diagnosis of their primary tumors, three of whom were less than 20 years old (mean 55.2 years).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Many carcinomas were characterized as incidentalomas, following the current trend (7,8). However, the outcome was not always favorable in these patients and included associated deaths, as shown in with papillary carcinoma pT1bN0 at ages 61 and 65 years died, one due to distant metastasis diagnosed 23 months after the initial diagnosis and the other due to the local recurrence diagnosed 84 months after the thyroidectomy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Surgical treatment for thyroid carcinoma: retrospective study with 811 patients in a Brazilian tertiary hospital

Cavalheiro

Matos

Leite

et al. 2016

Arch. Endocrinol. Metab.

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Objective: The aim of the present study was to describe the epidemiologic data, histological type, treatment and follow-up of the 811 patients treated for thyroid cancer in Instituto do Câncer do Estado de São Paulo (ICESP) over 5 years. Materials and methods: Retrospective analyses of electronic chart information. Results: There were 679 cases (83.7%) of papillary thyroid cancer, 61 (7.5%) of follicular carcinoma, 54 (6.7%) of medullary carcinoma, 11 (1.4%) of poorly differentiated carcinoma and 6 of anaplastic carcinoma (0.7%). The majority of patients were female (82.2%), and the mean age was 50.5 ± 15 years. Two hundred forty-two patients had disease persistence or recurrence. At the last follow-up, 629 (77.6%) patients were alive and disease free, 141 (17.4%) were alive with disease, and 41 (5.1%) were deceased, with 37 deaths related to thyroid cancer. Conclusion: This study was able to outline the profile, disease type and evolution of patients treated for thyroid cancer at a single tertiary hospital. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2016;60(5):472-8

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surgical treatment for thyroid carcinoma: retrospective study with 811 patients in a Brazilian tertiary hospital

Cavalheiro

Matos

Leite

et al. 2016

Arch. Endocrinol. Metab.

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“…(Engeland et al 2006). As a matter of fact, several studies have reported these differences between obese men and women and their risk of thyroid cancer, allowing speculation regarding hormone effects or the insufficiency of male cases analyzed, as thyroid cancer incidence is higher in women (Pappa & Alevizaki 2013). Other subsequent studies showed associations of weight, BMI, body surface area, and/or overweight/obesity and DTCs, demonstrating that these parameters elevated the risk of developing these cancers (Brindel et al 2009, Mijovic et al 2009, Clero et al 2010, Leitzmann et al 2010.…”

Section: Association Between Overweight and Thyroid Cancer: Observatimentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In 1987, during the decade when the first obesity boom was reported, Albanes (1987) reviewed a series of studies concerning the relationship between overweight and different cancer types and observed that subjects with high relative body weight or high caloric intake were at a higher risk of developing breast, colon, rectum, prostate, endometrium, kidney, cervix, ovary, thyroid, and gallbladder cancers. But in the case of thyroid cancers, it was only after the year 2000 that larger studies started to appear with the first solid evidence (Pappa & Alevizaki 2013).…”

Section: Association Between Overweight and Thyroid Cancer: Observatimentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity and thyroid cancer

Marcello,

Cunha,

Batista

et al. 2014

Endocrine Related Cancer

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Many studies have provided observational data on the association of obesity and thyroid cancers, but only few of them propose mechanisms that would permit a better understanding of the causal molecular mechanisms of this association. Considering that there is an increasing incidence of both obesity and thyroid cancers, we need to summarize and link recent studies in order to characterize and understand the contribution of obesity-related factors that might affect thyroid cancer development and progression. Adipose tissue is involved in many vital processes, including insulin sensitivity, angiogenesis, regulation of energy balance, activation of the complement system, and responses such as inflammation. Although these processes have their own molecular pathways, they involve the same molecules through which obesity and adipose tissue might exert their roles in carcinogenesis, not only affecting MAPK and PI3K or even insulin pathways, but also recruiting local inflammatory responses that could result in disease formation and progression. This review describes five important issues that might explain the link between excessive weight and thyroid cancer: thyroid hormones, insulin resistance, adipokines, inflammation, and sexual hormones.

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“…In addition, an imbalance between estrogens (E2) and androgens, due to the action of aromatase in the adipose tissue, could contribute to thyroid carcinogenesis in obese patients, being responsible for different actions according to gender and age (152). In thyroid cancer cells, the biological effects of E2 are mediated by estrogen receptors a (ERa (ESR1)) in an ERK1/2-related pathway (153).…”

Section: Thyroid Cancer In Obese Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

MECHANISMS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY: The crosstalk between thyroid gland and adipose tissue: signal integration in health and disease

Santini

Marzullo

Rotondi

et al. 2014

European Journal of Endocrinology

204

185

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Obesity and thyroid diseases are common disorders in the general population and they frequently occur in single individuals. Alongside a chance association, a direct relationship between 'thyroid and obesity' has been hypothesized. Thyroid hormone is an important determinant of energy expenditure and contributes to appetite regulation, while hormones and cytokines from the adipose tissue act on the CNS to inform on the quantity of energy stores. A continuous interaction between the thyroid hormone and regulatory mechanisms localized in adipose tissue and brain is important for human body weight control and maintenance of optimal energy balance. Whether obesity has a pathogenic role in thyroid disease remains largely a matter of investigation. This review highlights the complexity in the identification of thyroid hormone deficiency in obese patients. Regardless of the importance of treating subclinical and overt hypothyroidism, at present there is no evidence to recommend pharmacological correction of the isolated hyperthyrotropinemia often encountered in obese patients. While thyroid hormones are not indicated as anti-obesity drugs, preclinical studies suggest that thyromimetic drugs, by targeting selected receptors, might be useful in the treatment of obesity and dyslipidemia.

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Obesity and Thyroid Cancer: A Clinical Update

Cited by 111 publications

References 52 publications

Surgical treatment for thyroid carcinoma: retrospective study with 811 patients in a Brazilian tertiary hospital

Surgical treatment for thyroid carcinoma: retrospective study with 811 patients in a Brazilian tertiary hospital

Obesity and thyroid cancer

MECHANISMS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY: The crosstalk between thyroid gland and adipose tissue: signal integration in health and disease

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