Obesity and type 2 diabetes: Also linked in therapeutic options

Rubio-Almanza, Matilde; Cámara-Gómez, Rosa; Merino-Torres, Juan Francisco

doi:10.1016/j.endien.2018.11.006

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…Obesity is linked to many chronic diseases (2)(3)(4)(5). The steadily increasing prevalence of excess body weight among children and adolescents is currently one of the greatest challenges for public health authorities worldwide (40)(41)(42).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the gut microbiome in obese native Tibetan children living at different altitudes: A case–control study

Liu

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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ObjectiveTo explore the relationship between intestinal flora and obesity in Tibetan children at different altitudes.MethodsUsing16S rRNA gene sequencing results and blood lipid metabolism indexes to study the characteristics of the intestinal flora present in faeces and changes in blood lipid metabolism in obese children in Tibet who reside at different altitudes and to study correlations between blood lipid metabolism indicators and the intestinal flora composition.ResultsThe results showed the following. (a) The triglyceride (TG) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels in the obesity groups were higher than those in the normal-weight groups, and those in the high-altitude obesity groups were lower than those in the low-altitude obesity groups. (b) The 16S rRNA gene sequencing results showed that altitude affected the composition and relative abundance of the gut microbiota. These parameters were basically the same among the low-altitude groups, while they were significantly lower in the high-altitude groups than in the low-altitude groups. (c) Groups that lived at different altitudes and had different body weights had different dominant bacterial genera. Megamonas was closely related to obesity, and its relative abundance in the low-altitude groups was higher than that in the high-altitude groups. Prevotella was associated with altitude, and its relative abundance in the high-altitude groups was higher than that in the low-altitude groups. In addition, Prevotella elicited changes in the abundance of Escherichia-Shigella. The lower prevalence of obesity and incidence of intestinal inflammation in those living at high altitudes were related to the abundance of Prevotella. (d) There were correlations between the gut microbiota composition and lipid metabolism indicators. The abundance of Romboutsia was positively correlated with TG and LDL-C levels but negatively correlated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. The abundance of Akkermansia was negatively correlated with LDL-C levels, and the abundance of Blautia was negatively correlated with body mass index (BMI) and LDL-C levels.ConclusionsThe intestinal flora diversity varied by body weight and altitude, with lower diversity in those at higher altitudes and with lower body weights. Prevotella likely plays a role in suppressing obesity at high altitudes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the gut microbiome in obese native Tibetan children living at different altitudes: A case–control study

Liu

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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“…Numerous studies have demonstrated that obesity is associated with an increased risk of diabetes. [74][75][76] Growing evidence indicated that A 2A R was involved in β-cell homeostasis and dysfunction and that signaling through the A 2A R increased survival and proliferation of β cells and promoted β-cell regeneration. [77][78][79][80] Adenosine receptors were expressed abundantly in mouse pancreatic islets and Beta-TC6 cells.…”

Section: A 2 a R And Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathophysiology roles for adenosine 2A receptor in obesity and related diseases

Cai

Chen

et al. 2022

Obesity Reviews

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Obesity, a burgeoning worldwide health system challenge, is associated with several comorbidities, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), diabetes, atherosclerosis, and osteoarthritis, leading to serious problems to people's health. Adenosine is a critical extracellular signaling molecule that has essential functions in regulating most organ systems by binding to four G-protein-coupled adenosine receptors, denoted A 1 , A 2A , A 2B , and A 3 . Among the receptors, a growing body evidence highlights the key roles of the adenosine 2A receptor (A 2A R) in obesity and related diseases. In the current review, we summarize the effects of A 2A R in obesity and obesity-associated non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, diabetes, atherosclerosis, and osteoarthritis, to clarify the complicated impacts of A 2A R on obesity and related diseases.

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“…Obesity is defined as an abnormal accumulation of adiposity resulting from a disturbed energy balance in which energy intake is higher than energy expenditure [ 6 ] with a modified metabolic phenotype [ 7 ], complex neuroendocrine changes [ 8 ], and pathogenic implications [ 9 ]. Obesity has even been classified as a disease [ 10 ] and associated with health problems including impaired fertility [ 11 , 12 ], neurodegenerative disease [ 13 ], cognitive decline (in mid-life) [ 14 ], coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity and resulting health problems [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ], type 2 diabetes [ 19 ], cancer [ 20 ], cardiovascular diseases [ 21 ], pulmonary diseases [ 22 ], insulin resistance [ 23 ], atherosclerosis [ 24 ], mitochondrial dysfunction [ 25 ], dyslipidemia [ 26 ], liver disease [ 27 ], impaired immunity [ 28 , 29 ], and impaired regeneration [ 30 ]. Ageing, on the other hand, represents the progressive decline of the biological functions with time [ 31 ].…”

Section: Biological Similarities Between Ageing and Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Ageing and Obesity Shared Patterns: From Molecular Pathogenesis to Epigenetics

2021

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In modern societies, ageing and obesity represent medical challenges for healthcare professionals and caregivers. Obesity and ageing share common features including the related cellular and molecular pathways as well as the impacts they have as risk factors for a variety of diseases and health problems. Both of these health problems also share exercise and a healthy lifestyle as the best therapeutic options. Importantly, ageing and obesity also have common epigenetic changes (histone modification, DNA methylation, noncoding RNAs, and chromatin remodeling) that are also impacted by exercise. This suggests that epigenetic pathways are among the mechanisms via which exercise induces its benefits, including ageing and obesity improvements. Exploring these interrelations and based on the fact that both ageing and obesity represent risk factors for each other, would lead to optimizing the available therapeutic approaches towards improved obesity management and healthy ageing.

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Obesity and type 2 diabetes: Also linked in therapeutic options

Cited by 17 publications

References 86 publications

Analysis of the gut microbiome in obese native Tibetan children living at different altitudes: A case–control study

Analysis of the gut microbiome in obese native Tibetan children living at different altitudes: A case–control study

Pathophysiology roles for adenosine 2A receptor in obesity and related diseases

Ageing and Obesity Shared Patterns: From Molecular Pathogenesis to Epigenetics

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