Obesity in Older Adults and Associations with Cardiovascular Structure and Function

Tan, Yen How; Lim, Jun Pei; Lim, Wee Shiong; Gao, Fei; Teo, Livia; Ewe, See Hooi; Keng, Bryan M.H.; Tan, Ru San; Koh, Woon‐Puay; Koh, Angela S.

doi:10.1159/000521729

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Notwithstanding the relative degree of involvement by adipose tissues or skeletal muscles, there is now greater awareness and scientific acknowledgment that there are close relationships between body composition and heart structure and function. This is in line with the opinion that the observed degenerative bodily changes in older adults is the result of the complex interplay between body composition, the cardiovascular system and aging process ( 79 ), far more granular than the body mass index metric ( 78 ).…”

Section: Cardio-sarcopenia—next Stepssupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Firstly, there is a need for mechanistic understanding of the cross-talk between the various components of body composition and the cardiac muscles. Earlier research has revolved around obesity and its association with cardiovascular structure and function ( 77 , 78 ). With emerging interest in skeletal muscles, sarcopenia enters the equation for the consideration of LVM.…”

Section: Cardio-sarcopenia—next Stepsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cardio-sarcopenia: A syndrome of concern in aging

et al. 2022

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Cardiac alterations in structure and function, namely, the left ventricle, have been intensely studied for decades, in association with aging. In recent times, there has been keen interest in describing myocardial changes that accompany skeletal muscle changes in older adults. Initially described as a cardio-sarcopenia syndrome where alterations in myocardial structure were observed particularly among older adults with skeletal muscle sarcopenia, investigations into this syndrome have spurred a fresh level of interest in the cardiac-skeletal muscle axis. The purpose of this perspective is to summarize the background for this “syndrome of concern,” review the body of work generated by various human aging cohorts, and to explore future directions and opportunities for understanding this syndrome.

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Section: Cardio-sarcopenia—next Stepssupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Cardio-sarcopenia—next Stepsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardio-sarcopenia: A syndrome of concern in aging

et al. 2022

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“…Physical inactivity has been associated with a higher prevalence of overweight/obesity, in addition to increasing the risk of comorbidities in older people, which may affect muscle strength [ 4 , 35 ]. It has been observed that high levels of adiposity can affect agonist muscle activation, which can lead to functional limitations during old age [ 36 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Warm-Up and Handgrip Strength in Physically Inactive Chilean Older Females According to Baseline Nutritional Status

Hernández-Martínez

Castillo-Cerda

Vera-Assaoka

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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This study aims to analyze the effect of different types of warm-ups on handgrip strength (HGS) in physically inactive older females. Secondarily, it aims to compare HGS according to their baseline nutritional status. A randomized crossover trial study was conducted with 44 physically inactive older females distributed into normal weight (n = 12, BMI = 23.9 ± 3.2 kg/m2), overweight (n =16, BMI = 27 ± 4.7 kg/m2) and obese (n = 16, BMI = 31.6 ± 5.3 kg/m2), who participated in three warm-up conditions (static stretching condition, SSC; elastic band condition, EBC; and therapeutic compression ball condition, TCBC) and one control condition (CC, no warm-up). All participants performed the four randomized conditions with recovery within 72 h. A significant decrease (p < 0.05) in HGS for the dominant and non-dominant hands was observed when comparing SSC vs. CC. In contrast, comparing the warm-up conditions according to the baseline nutritional status, statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) were only reported in the obese group in the dominant and non-dominant hand in favor of CC concerning SSC. In conclusion, warm-up with static flexibility led to a decrease in HGS in physically inactive older females. Only the obese group exhibited this result when analyzed by nutritional status.

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“…Sinus rhythm status was ascertained by a resting electrocardiogram. Waist circumference was obtained 2.5 cm above the umbilicus [ 23 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of psychosocial motivations and technology on physical activity behaviours among community older men and women

Lee

Teo

et al. 2022

BMC Geriatr

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Background Implementation of physical activity strategies in older populations may be influenced by underlying psychosocial and gender-based factors to physical activity. We explored associations between these factors and physical activity behaviors and technology among older men and women. Methods Community older adults underwent echocardiography and interviewer administered questionnaires that collected physical activity habits, self-motivation, self-empowerment and smartphone usage patterns associated with physical activity. Aerobic capacity was denoted by VO2max (High VO2 was defined as VO2 > 35 (ml/kg/min) for men or VO2 > 27 (ml/kg/min) for women). Results Among 180 participants (mean age 77 (71–80) years; 43% females), 101 (56.1%) had a low VO2max. Barriers to activity were lack of time (27.8%), tiredness (26.7%), affordability (12.8%) and pain while exercising (12.2%). Compared to participants with high VO2max, those with low VO2max were less likely to report feeling good post-exercise (70.3% vs 86.1%, adjusted p = 0.041) and express barriers to exercise (72.3% vs 88.6%, adjusted p = 0.017). Compared to men, women were more likely to express motivation for exercise if they were guided by an instructor (20.5% vs 1.96%, adjusted p = 0.027), less likely to prefer control over exercise type and difficulty (57.7% vs 82.4%, adjusted p = 0.001), express interest in smartphone apps (7.84% vs 24.4%, adjusted p = 0.01) and participate in apps-guided exercise (10.3% vs 29.4%, adjusted p = 0.001). Major factors that motivated the use of smartphone applications to manage individual health were financial incentives (23.9%) and guidance on exercise routines (21.1%) while the reveal of personal information was a major deterrent (28.3%). Conclusions We observed differences in physical activity motivation, empowerment and technology use based on gender and functional status. Tailoring physical activity strategies, including digital health strategies, that target psychosocial and gender-based factors may improve activity participation in older adults.

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Obesity in Older Adults and Associations with Cardiovascular Structure and Function

Cited by 8 publications

References 47 publications

Cardio-sarcopenia: A syndrome of concern in aging

Cardio-sarcopenia: A syndrome of concern in aging

Warm-Up and Handgrip Strength in Physically Inactive Chilean Older Females According to Baseline Nutritional Status

Effect of psychosocial motivations and technology on physical activity behaviours among community older men and women

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