Obesity induced alterations in redox homeostasis and oxidative stress are present from an early age

Lechuga-Sancho, Alfonso M.; Gallego-Andujar, David; Ruiz-Ocaña, Pablo; Visiedo, Francisco; Sáez-Benito, Ana; Schwarz, Mónica; Segundo, Carmen; Mateos, Rosa M.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0191547

Cited by 53 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…32,33 It has been shown that MDA increases in obese patients compared to healthy people. 34,35 In the present study, the levels of LPO among subjects with normal weight, overweight, and obesity were similar. This result could be related to the fact that dyslipidemia was homogeneously distributed between groups.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

<p>The Effect of Visceral Abdominal Fat Volume on Oxidative Stress and Proinflammatory Cytokines in Subjects with Normal Weight, Overweight and Obesity</p>

García-Sánchez

Gámez-Nava

Cruz

et al. 2020

DMSO

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Purpose: The increase of visceral abdominal fat (VAF) and oxidative stress (OS) are independent predictors for cardiovascular risk. This study aimed to determine the association of VAF with proinflammatory cytokines, oxidants, antioxidants, and oxidative damage to DNA in subjects with normal weight, overweight, and obesity. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional study that included 21 men and 71 women who attended for a medical check-up was conducted. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was used to measure the VAF volume. ELISA and colorimetric techniques were used for chemical analysis.Results: Low activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) was found in overweight and obese subjects compared to the normal weight group (p=0.005). In contrast, the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) was higher in the overweight and obesity groups compared to the normal weight subjects (p=0.017). The total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was also increased in the overweight group compared to the normal weight group (p=0.04). According to the volume of VAF, the levels of tumor necrosis factor alfa and interleukin 6 showed no differences between subjects with normal and high VAF. Subjects with high VAF show higher levels of 8-isoprostans compared to normal VAF group (p=0.039). Less concentration of 8-oxoguanine-DNA-N-glycosylase-1 (hOGG1) was found in the high VAF group (p=0.032) compared to the normal VAF subjects. VAF was positively correlated with lipoperoxides (LPO) (r=0.27, p<0.05) and 8-isoprostanes (r=0.25, p<0.05). We also found correlations between oxidative stress markers and anthropometric ratios for intra-abdominal fat. The waist-hip ratio was positively correlated with LPO (r=0.30, p<0.05) and TAC (r=0.24, p<0.05). Conclusion: These findings suggest that the predominantly oxidative damage associated with VAF in overweight or obesity is lipoperoxidation and oxidative DNA damage. Alterations in endogenous antioxidant defenses may not be linked to the amount of VAF.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

<p>The Effect of Visceral Abdominal Fat Volume on Oxidative Stress and Proinflammatory Cytokines in Subjects with Normal Weight, Overweight and Obesity</p>

García-Sánchez

Gámez-Nava

Cruz

et al. 2020

DMSO

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“…Recent study demonstrated that in obesity conditions the alterations in redox homeostasis and oxidative stress are present from an early age, as indicated by an increase in MDA content and GSH/GSSG ratio [38]. Malondialdehyde (MDA), an important biomarker of oxidative stress, is generated by the peroxidation of lipids containing polyunsaturated fatty acids and is cytotoxic due to its ability to induce macromolecular crosslinking polymerization [39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Randomised Clinical Trial: Calorie Restriction Regimen with Tomato Juice Supplementation Ameliorates Oxidative Stress and Preserves a Proper Immune Surveillance Modulating Mitochondrial Bioenergetics of T-Lymphocytes in Obese Children Affected by Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)

Negri

Trinchese

Carbone

et al. 2020

JCM

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Fatty liver disease is a serious complication of childhood obesity. Calorie-restricted regimen (RCR) is one of the effective therapy for this condition. Aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of lycopene-rich tomato sauce with oregano and basil extracts in obese children with fatty liver on RCR. 61 obese children with fatty liver were enrolled, 52 completed the study. A randomized cross over clinical trial was performed. Participants were assigned to RCR alone or with a supplement of lycopene-rich tomato juice for 60 days; subsequently, the groups were switched to the alternative regimen for the next 60 days. Reduction in BMI, HOMA-IR, cholesterol, triglycerides, liver size, and steatosis was more profound in tomato-supplemented group. Leptin decreased in both groups whereas adiponectin raised only after tomato supplementation. RCR is associated with the impaired engagement of T-cells glycolysis and proliferation, tomato-supplementation resulted in glycolytic metabolic activation of T-cells. Tomato juice ameliorates glucose and lipid metabolism in obese children, improve oxidative and inflammatory state and modulates the mitochondrial metabolism of T-cells contributing to a maintenance of a proper immune surveillance in children, impaired by RCR. The addition of tomato to RCR could be considered a protective and preventive support to obese child.

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“…Biologically, obesity-related insulin resistance provides a potential link between trans-βcarotene and obesity. Obese children with insulin resistance suffer an additional oxidative stress and thus, their antioxidant mechanisms become overwhelmed and struggle to manage acute stressors [38]. The main feature of β-carotene is its low polarity and large number of double bonds, which contribute to its powerful antioxidant properties [39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma glucose levels in the association between serum trans-β-carotene and obesity among children and adolescents

zang

Liu

Zheng

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Results on the association between trans-β-carotene and obesity are less clear and little is known about how their relationship may be affected by plasma glucose levels.The present study aimed to evaluate the relationships between trans-β-carotene and obesity and to investigate whether plasma glucose levels had a modifying effect on these relationships. Methods Children aged 6-18 years were selected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANES) (2001–2006) (n =8030). The serum trans-β-carotene levels were divided into tertiles, and their associations with obesity were evaluated using multivariable-adjusted linear regression models adjusted for potential confounding factors. The interaction effects between trans-β-carotene levels and plasma glucose levels on obesity were further evaluated. Results In the fully adjusted model, using serum trans-β-carotene as natural log-transformed continuous variable, the negative association between trans-β-carotene level and obesity were confirmed. In addition, plasma glucose levels significantly modified the inverse association between trans-β-carotene and obesity (p value for interaction: 0.09). A stronger association of trans-β-carotene levels with obesity was found in higher plasma glucose levels (more than100 mg/dl) than in lower plasma glucose levels. Further, a non-linear relationship was detected between trans-β-carotene and obesity in participants with higher plasma glucose levels, with an inflection point of 2.7 (trans-β-carotene =14.88 ug/dl). The effect sizes and confidence intervals for the left and right sides of the inflection point were 0.10 (0.00 to 0.2) and 6.7 (0.1 to 348.2), respectively. Conclusion Our findings indicate that the association between trans-β-carotene concentration and obesity is stronger in individuals with higher plasma glucose population than in those with lower plasma glucose levels.

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Obesity induced alterations in redox homeostasis and oxidative stress are present from an early age

Cited by 53 publications

References 36 publications

<p>The Effect of Visceral Abdominal Fat Volume on Oxidative Stress and Proinflammatory Cytokines in Subjects with Normal Weight, Overweight and Obesity</p>

<p>The Effect of Visceral Abdominal Fat Volume on Oxidative Stress and Proinflammatory Cytokines in Subjects with Normal Weight, Overweight and Obesity</p>

Randomised Clinical Trial: Calorie Restriction Regimen with Tomato Juice Supplementation Ameliorates Oxidative Stress and Preserves a Proper Immune Surveillance Modulating Mitochondrial Bioenergetics of T-Lymphocytes in Obese Children Affected by Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)

Plasma glucose levels in the association between serum trans-β-carotene and obesity among children and adolescents

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