Obesity-induced pancreatopathy in rats is reversible after bariatric surgery

Rebours, Vinciane; Garteiser, Philippe; Ribeiro-Parenti, Lara; Doblas, Sabrina; Pagé, Gwénaël; Bado, André; Couvineau, Alain; Ruszniewski, Philippe; Paradis, Valérie; Gall, Maude Le; Beers, Bernard E. Van; Couvelard, Anne

doi:10.1038/s41598-018-34515-3

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Anesthesia was induced and maintained by gaseous inhalation of isoflurane (Vetflurane, Virbac, France). Procedures were carried out as previously described (5,13,14,24,52). After laparotomy, the stomach was isolated outside of the abdominal cavity.…”

Section: Surgical Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of different bariatric surgeries on dietary protein bioavailability in rats

Tessier

Ribeiro-Parenti

Bruneau

et al. 2019

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

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Bariatric surgery may induce protein malabsorption, although data are scarce. This study aims at evaluating dietary protein bioavailability after different bariatric surgeries in rats. Diet-induced obese Wistar rats were operated for vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) or Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). The control group was composed of pair-fed, sham-operated rats (Sham). Two weeks after surgery, rats were fed a 15N protein meal. Protein bioavailability was assessed by determination of 15N recovery in the gastrointestinal tract and organs 6 h after the meal. Fractional protein synthesis rate (FSR) was assessed using a flooding dose of 13C valine. Weight loss was the highest in RYGB rats and the lowest in Sham rats. Surprisingly, RYGB (95.6 ± 0.7%) improved protein digestibility ( P = 0.045) compared with Sham (93.5 ± 0.5%) and VSG (93.8 ± 0.6%). In contrast, 15N retained in the liver ( P = 0.001) and plasma protein ( P = 0.037) was lower than in Sham, with a similar trend in muscle ( P = 0.052). FSR was little altered by bariatric surgery, except for a decrease in the kidney of RYGB ( P = 0.02). The 15N distribution along the small intestinal tissue suggests that dietary nitrogen was considerably retained in the remodeled mucosa of RYGB compared with Sham. This study revealed that in contrast to VSG, RYGB slightly improved protein digestibility but altered peripheral protein bioavailability. This effect may be ascribed to a higher uptake of dietary amino acids by the remodeled intestine. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Using a sensitive 15N meal test, we found that gastric bypass slightly improved protein digestibility compared with sleeve gastrectomy or control but, in contrast, lowered protein retention in the liver and muscles. This paradox can be due to a higher uptake of dietary nitrogen by the intestinal mucosa that was hypertrophied. This study provides new insight on the digestive and metabolic fate of dietary protein in different models of bariatric surgery in rats.

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Section: Surgical Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of different bariatric surgeries on dietary protein bioavailability in rats

Tessier

Ribeiro-Parenti

Bruneau

et al. 2019

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

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“…These include gradient‐recalled echo with/without EPI, 10 spin echo with/without EPI, 3 balanced SSFP, 11 and spiral sequences 12 . Typically, gradient‐recalled echo and spin echo–EPI sequences are used for most clinical applications such as liver 13 and brain, 14 with spin echo–EPI having a shorter scan time 15‐19 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MR elastography: Principles, guidelines, and terminology

Manduca

Bayly

Ehman

et al. 2020

Magnetic Resonance in Med

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MANDUCA et Al. per year is increasing rapidly (Figure 1). However, numerous types of acquisitions and processing techniques are in use, and MRE results have been expressed in many different quantities: shear modulus (possibly complex), storage modulus, magnitude of the complex shear modulus, shear stiffness (defined in different ways), wave speed, propagation, loss modulus, attenuation, loss tangent or loss factor, phase angle, damping ratio, attenuation, and penetration rate. This list is not exhaustive and does not include additional quantities related to fitting specific assumed material models or anisotropic materials. This diversity of terminology and absence of standardization can lead to confusion (particularly among clinicians) as to the meaning of certain terms, or how to interpret or compare certain types of MRE results. This paper is written by the MRE Guidelines Committee, a group formalized at the first meeting of the ISMRM MRE Study Group, to attempt to clarify and (to some extent) standardize MRE terminology and practice. Specifically, the purpose of this paper is to (1) explain MRE terminology to those not familiar with it, (2) define "good practices" for practitioners of MRE, and (3) discuss some practices and terms that we believe should be standardized and some that should be discouraged. F I G U R E 2 Schematic stress-strain relationship for soft tissue unloaded and at three different tissue-loading states. Magnetic resonance elastography measures the slope of this curve at a given point, as indicated by the tangent line at ε 3

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“…Elevated levels of CYPs, esterases, and glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are associated with resistance to different classes of insecticides [ 22 ]. Though both mechanisms are known to contribute to ivermectin resistance in other arthropods, their potential contribution to ivermectin resistance in mosquitoes has not been thoroughly explored [ 23 – 25 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential metabolic resistance mechanisms to ivermectin in Anopheles gambiae: a synergist bioassay study

et al. 2021

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Background Despite remarkable success obtained with current malaria vector control strategies in the last 15 years, additional innovative measures will be needed to achieve the ambitious goals for malaria control set for 2030 by the World Health Organization (WHO). New tools will need to address insecticide resistance and residual transmission as key challenges. Endectocides such as ivermectin are drugs that kill mosquitoes which feed on treated subjects. Mass administration of ivermectin can effectively target outdoor and early biting vectors, complementing the still effective conventional tools. Although this approach has garnered attention, development of ivermectin resistance is a potential pitfall. Herein, we evaluate the potential role of xenobiotic pumps and cytochrome P450 enzymes in protecting mosquitoes against ivermectin by active efflux and metabolic detoxification, respectively. Methods We determined the lethal concentration 50 for ivermectin in colonized Anopheles gambiae; then we used chemical inhibitors and inducers of xenobiotic pumps and cytochrome P450 enzymes in combination with ivermectin to probe the mechanism of ivermectin detoxification. Results Dual inhibition of xenobiotic pumps and cytochromes was found to have a synergistic effect with ivermectin, greatly increasing mosquito mortality. Inhibition of xenobiotic pumps alone had no effect on ivermectin-induced mortality. Induction of xenobiotic pumps and cytochromes may confer partial protection from ivermectin. Conclusion There is a clear pathway for development of ivermectin resistance in malaria vectors. Detoxification mechanisms mediated by cytochrome P450 enzymes are more important than xenobiotic pumps in protecting mosquitoes against ivermectin.

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Obesity-induced pancreatopathy in rats is reversible after bariatric surgery

Cited by 19 publications

References 47 publications

Effect of different bariatric surgeries on dietary protein bioavailability in rats

Effect of different bariatric surgeries on dietary protein bioavailability in rats

MR elastography: Principles, guidelines, and terminology

Potential metabolic resistance mechanisms to ivermectin in Anopheles gambiae: a synergist bioassay study

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