Obesity is associated with increased severity of disease in COVID-19 pneumonia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Chu, Yanan; Yang, Jing; Shi, Jiaran; Zhang, Pingping; Wang, Xingxiang

doi:10.1186/s40001-020-00464-9

Cited by 129 publications

(167 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Above increasing the risk of different complications such as DM, liver diseases and cardiovascular diseases, we observed obesity also increases the mortality rate and the demand on intensive care facilities among SARS-COV-2 patients, which augments the findings in a previous systematic review. 34 Henceforth, obesity is one of the potential predictors for the study outcomes. However, the underlying mechanism behind the bad prognosis of obese patients still unknown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of Length of Hospital Stay, Mortality, and Outcomes Among Hospitalised COVID-19 Patients in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Alwafi¹,

Naser²,

Qanash³

et al. 2021

JMDH

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Background COVID-19 pandemic is a major strain on health and economic systems, with rapidly increasing demand for in patients’ facilities. Disease diagnosis and estimating patients at higher risk is important for the optimal management during the pandemic. This study aimed to identify the predictors of mortality and length of hospital stay in COVID-19 patients. Methods A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted between March 2020 and August 2020 at Al-Noor Specialist Hospital in Mecca, Saudi Arabia. All patients who were admitted and had a confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis by a real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were included in the study. Descriptive statistics were used to describe patients’ demographic characteristics, laboratory findings, and clinical outcomes. Multiple logistic/linear regression analysis was used to identify predictors of death and length of stay at the hospital. Results A total of 706 patients were hospitalised for COVID-19. The mean age was 48.0 years (SD: 15.6 years). More than half of the patients (68.5%; n= 292) were males. The median duration of stay at the hospital was 6.0 days (IQR: 300–10:00). The prevalence rate of venous thromboembolism (VTE) among the patients was 3.0% (n= 21). In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, age (AOR: 1.05; 1.02–1.09), patients with end-stage renal disease (AOR: 6.44; 2.20–18.87), low Oxygen saturation SPO2 (AOR: 9.92; 4.19–23.50), D.dimer >0.5 (AOR: 13.31; 5.45–32.49), ESR>10 mm/h (AOR: 4.08; 1.72–9.68), Ferritin>400mcg/L (AOR: 18.55; 6.89–49.96), and Procalcitonin>0.5ug/L (AOR: 8.23; 1.81– 37.40) were associated with a higher risk of death among patients with COVID-19. Patients with VTE (AOR: 12.86; 3.07– 53.92) were at higher risk of death due to COVID-19. Conclusion Hospitalised COVID-19 patients have multiple negative consequences in terms of their laboratory findings, signs and symptoms. Age and end-stage renal diseases have a significant impact on the mortality rate and the length of hospital stay among COVID-19 patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of Length of Hospital Stay, Mortality, and Outcomes Among Hospitalised COVID-19 Patients in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Alwafi¹,

Naser²,

Qanash³

et al. 2021

JMDH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Overweight and obesity are increasingly associated with poor outcomes in COVID-19. In a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies and in a large CDC analysis in the United States population, overweight and/or obesity in COVID-19 were associated with an increased risk of hospital admission, invasive ventilation, and death, especially among patients younger than 60 years-old (29,30). Another study reported an association between body mass index and persisting symptoms after more than 28 days (31).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-COVID-19 syndrome in outpatients: a cohort study

Desgranges

Tadini

Munting

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background Some patients experience long-term symptoms after COVID-19, but data on outpatients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 are scarce. Objective To describe persisting symptoms more than 3 months after infection in PCR-confirmed COVID-19 in comparison to negative SARS-CoV-2 PCR outpatients and to identify predictors of long-term symptoms in COVID-19. Setting Outpatient clinics of a Swiss university center. Patients 418 symptomatic outpatients with PCR-confirmed COVID-19 (COVID-positive) and 89 negative SARS-CoV-2 PCR (COVID-negative). Design Prospective cohort study. Measurements Predefined long-term symptoms were evaluated though a phone interview >3 to 10 months after diagnosis. Associations between long-term symptoms and PCR test result, as well predictors of persisting symptoms in COVID-positive were evaluated by multivariate logistic regression including potential confounders (age, sex, smoking, comorbidities, time of the phone survey). Results The study population consisted mostly of young (median of 41 versus 36 years in COVID-positive and COVID-negative, respectively; p=0.020) health care workers (67% versus 82%; p=0.006).. Persisting symptoms were reported by 223 (53%) COVID-positive and 33 (37%) COVID-negative (p=0.006). Overall, 21% COVID-positive and 15% COVID-negative (p=0.182) consulted a doctor for these symptoms. Four surveyed symptoms were independently associated with COVID-19: fatigue (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.14, 95%CI 1.04-4.41), smell/taste disorder (26.5, 3.46-202), dyspnea (2.81, 1.10-7.16) and memory impairment (5.71, 1.53-21.3). Among COVID-positive, female gender (aOR 1.67, 95% CI 1.09-2.56) and overweight/obesity (1.67, 1.10-2.56) were predictors of persisting symptoms. Limitations Undiagnosed SARS-CoV-2 infection in COVID-negative cannot be completely excluded. Conclusion More than half of COVID-positive outpatients report persisting symptoms up to 10 months after infection and 21% seek medical care for this reason. These data suggest that post-COVID syndrome places a significant burden on society and especially healthcare systems.

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“…**Systematic review of 22 studies. 12 † †From New York cohort. 14 ‡ ‡Systematic review of 23 studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Informing COVID-19 vaccination priorities based on the prevalence of risk factors among adults in Canada

McAlister

Bushnik

Leung

et al. 2021

CMAJ

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Concern about imbalances between the demand and the supply of vaccinations for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have been raised, given worldwide demand, centralized manufacturing and limitations in the infrastructure for vaccine delivery and administration in Canada. The optimal strategy for vaccination allocation to maximize public health benefit in Canada is unclear. The first phase of Canada's vaccine rollout focused on those at the highest risk for being infected with or transmitting SARS-CoV-2, including long-term care residents and staff, older adults, adults in Indigenous communities and front-line health care workers. 1 However, debate continues about whether subsequent vaccinations (stages 2 and 3 in the National Advisory Committee on Immunization [NACI] schema) 2 should be prioritized solely on the basis of age (as age is the strongest risk factor for poor outcomes from coronavirus disease 2019 ), or whether a more complex rollout targeting those with other high-risk features (e.g., medical or exposure-related risk factors) may be preferable. 3 Vaccine prioritization questions are also related to the debate on whether to delay second doses so that as many people as possible receive at least 1 dose. 3,4 Substantial variability exists between the provinces and territories regarding current approaches to vaccination, with differing definitions of who qualifies as medically, geographically or occupationally "high risk." 5 To optimize vaccination strategies, we must first delineate what proportion of adults in Canada are at higher risk for severe outcomes if infected with SARS-CoV-2. A recent evaluation of data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) reported that three-quarters of adults in the United States had 1 or more risk factors for severe COVID-19, as defined by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 6 We analyze the burden of risk factors in the Canadian population to complement analyses of provincial administrative data sets to better inform ongoing SARS-CoV-2 vaccination prioritization in Canada. KEY POINTS• Debate continues about how best to prioritize vaccinations for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) once the most vulnerable older adults have been vaccinated.• Although age is the most important risk factor for severe (COVID-19), three-quarters of adults in Canada have at least 1 other risk factor for severe illness, and one-third have 2 or more risk factors, based on analysis of national survey data. How common are risk factors for severe COVID-19 infection among communitydwelling adults in Canada?Although each Canadian province and territory can evaluate their administrative health data to identify the proportion of their population at risk for severe COVID-19, there are limitations to using such data to estimate disease frequencies, as they often underestimate the burden of chronic diseases that are predominantly managed in outpatient settings. 7,8 Moreover, some risk factors for severe COVID-...

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Obesity is associated with increased severity of disease in COVID-19 pneumonia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 129 publications

References 74 publications

Predictors of Length of Hospital Stay, Mortality, and Outcomes Among Hospitalised COVID-19 Patients in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Predictors of Length of Hospital Stay, Mortality, and Outcomes Among Hospitalised COVID-19 Patients in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Post-COVID-19 syndrome in outpatients: a cohort study

Informing COVID-19 vaccination priorities based on the prevalence of risk factors among adults in Canada

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