Obesity Is Associated with Reduced Self-Rated General Health Status: Evidence from a Representative Sample of White, Black, and Hispanic Americans

Okosun, Ike S.; Choi, Seungho; Matamoros, T; Dever, G. E. Alan

doi:10.1006/pmed.2001.0840

Cited by 159 publications

(133 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…These aspects are significant because of the growing importance placed on the functionality of patients and their mental health within the framework of the obesity epidemic. Most previous studies have found obesity to be associated with poor quality of life or self-rated health (14)(15)(16) , although some uncertainties remain regarding these associations. These uncertainties might be related to the different conditions included in the various studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Obesity has considerable impact on poor physical health, increasing morbidity as well as CVD, type 2 diabetes, musculoskeletal disorders, respiratory diseases and even some types of tumour such as colon, breast and endometrial tumours (7) . However, it has become increasingly clear that the problems associated with obesity are not restricted to merely causing or exacerbating medical conditions; obesity also appears to have a substantial impact on a person's quality of life (14)(15)(16) and psychological well-being (13,(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23) . In order to study these areas, some measuring instruments are necessary, such as self-rated health, which is an indicator of well-being and quality of life (24,25) .…”

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confidence: 99%

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The association between excess weight and self-rated health and psychological distress in women in Spain

Martín-López

Pérez-Farinós

Hernández-Barrera

et al. 2011

Public Health Nutr.

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Objective: To investigate the associations between obesity and self-rated health and psychological well-being in Spanish women. Design: Cross-sectional study. Three dependent variables were defined: self-rated health; self-declared diagnosis of psychiatric disorders or use of psychiatric drugs; and General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12) score. A set of variables (sociodemographic, morbidity and lifestyle) were used to adjust for possible confounding effects. Setting: The National Health Survey was conducted in Spain in 2006. Subjects: A total of 15 099 women aged $18 years. Participants were classified into groups according to their BMI. Results: In all, 55?4 % of the women had normal weight, 29?4 % were overweight and 15?2 % were obese. Self-perception of poor health in obese women was 57?8 %, a significantly higher value than in women of normal weight (28?8 %). Prevalence of psychiatric disease was 35?5 % in obese women and 18?9 % in women of normal weight. In multivariate analysis, obese women had 34 % higher odds of declaring poor self-perception of health (OR 5 1?34; 95 % CI 1?12, 1?61), 18 % higher odds of self-reporting psychiatric disease (OR 5 1?18; 95 % CI 1?02, 1?38) and 26 % higher odds (OR 5 1?26; 95 % CI 1?02, 1?55) of having an abnormal outcome ($3) on the GHQ-12 than women of normal weight. Conclusions: The present study highlights that obese Spanish women have worse self-rated health and psychological health than those with normal weight. These aspects are relevant because of the growing importance placed on the functionality of patients and their mental health within the obesity epidemic. Keywords Obesity and overweightSelf-rated health Psychological distress Psychiatric diseases General Health WHO has defined obesity as a 21st century epidemic because of its proportions over recent decades and its overwhelming impact on morbidity and mortality and quality of life. Thus, obesity presents a significant challenge to public health (1)(2)(3)(4) . Obesity is associated with many factors aside from the purely biological ones. Previous studies have shown demographic and socio-economic influences on the prevalence of weight problems (5) . The greater prevalence of obesity in groups with a lower socio-economic status and those with associated comorbidity (5,6) is noteworthy. In Europe, the prevalence of obesity ranges from 5 % to 23 % among men and between 7 % and 36 % among women (7) . In Spain, overall, prevalence is estimated at 15?5 % in adults, higher in women (17?5 %) than in men (13?2 %) (1) . In previous studies, it has been described that obesity is more prevalent in women (5,6,8) . In addition, it has been found that women suffer more psychiatric disorders (9,10) , musculoskeletal disorders (8) and CVD (11) than do men, with this difference being even greater when the women are also obese (4,12) . Furthermore, scientific literature reports poor self-rated health more frequently in women than in men (13)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between excess weight and self-rated health and psychological distress in women in Spain

Martín-López

Pérez-Farinós

Hernández-Barrera

et al. 2011

Public Health Nutr.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Since high BMI is associated with hypertension and poorer SRH, it is an especially potent rival hypothesis for labelling effects. 38,39 Third, the NHANES data provide multiple blood pressure measurements to define hypertensive status, reducing the possibility of misclassification error. 40 In addition, the rigorous training of examiners likely provided more reliable blood pressure measurement than those obtained in typical hospital or clinic settings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypertension labelling was associated with poorer self-rated health in the Third US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

Barger

Muldoon

2005

J Hum Hypertens

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Individuals labelled as having hypertension tend to report poor self-rated health (SRH), but it is unclear whether this association is independent of actual hypertension, socioeconomic status and adiposity, and extends across racial and ethnic groups. In a cross-sectional study we compared hypertensive and normotensive individuals (N ¼ 19 057) who varied in whether they had ever been labelled hypertensive. Blood pressure was measured in participants' homes and mobile examination centres in the United States as part of the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988Survey, -1994. The main outcome measure was global SRH. Hypertensive labelling was associated with poorer SRH and was independent of established SRH predictors, antihypertensive medication use, body mass index, and hypertension status (adjusted odds ratio (OR) ¼ 1.79, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.61-1.99). Hypertension was also associated with poorer SRH (OR ¼ 1.26; 95% CI 1.09-1.46) but this association was eliminated by adjustment for hypertensive labelling (OR 1.06; 95% CI 0.92-1.22). These effects were consistent across non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic black, and Hispanic subgroups. Individuals labelled hypertensive are more likely to have lower SRH and this labelling effect predominates over that of actual hypertension. Public health efforts to increase the number of individuals screened for high blood pressure may successfully detect the presence of hypertension but may also reduce health-related quality of life as measured by global SRH.

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“…15,19 In this study, subjects were less likely to report their fair or poor health as alcohol consumption or physical activity increased, which is consistent with previous studies. [10][11][12][13] Although being overweight was associated with self-reported fair or poor health in Western populations, 14,21 we found that the lean group (BMI<18.5) had a significant association with self-reported fair or poor health. Lee, et al 35 reported that overweight men had an elevated risk of all-cause mortality and no evidence of excess risk among lean men.…”

Section: Stratified Analysis By Study Areamentioning

confidence: 95%

Perceived Health as Related to Income, Socio-economic Status, Lifestyle, and Social Support Factors in a Middle-aged Japanese

Wang

Iwasaki

Otani

et al. 2005

Journal of Epidemiology

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BACKGROUND: Few studies have examined the association of perceived health with socio-economic status, especially income, and social isolation and support in Japan. The purpose of this study is to clarify the associations among perceived health, lifestyle, and socio-economic status, as well as social isolation and support factors, in middle-aged and elderly Japanese. METHODS: Subjects were 9,650 participants aged 47-77 years who completed a self-administered questionnaire in 2000 in the second survey of a population-based cohort (the Komo-Ise study). The questionnaire included items on sociodemographic and socio-economic factors, social isolation and support, lifestyle, past history of chronic disease and perceived health. Perceived health was dichotomized into excellent or good health and fair or poor health. A logistic regression analysis was used to determine the odds ratios of socio-economic status, social characteristics and lifestyle in relation to self-reported fair or poor health. RESULTS: We found that household income, physical activity, sleeping, smoking habit, and BMI had a strong association with self-reported fair or poor health in middle-aged and elderly Japanese men and women. Male subjects tended to report fair or poor health as household income decreased. The results for women differed in that social isolation and low social support had a stronger association for self-reported fair or poor health than low household income. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicated that perceived health was associated with socio-economic and social characteristics among middle-aged and elderly residents in Japan.

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Obesity Is Associated with Reduced Self-Rated General Health Status: Evidence from a Representative Sample of White, Black, and Hispanic Americans

Cited by 159 publications

References 34 publications

The association between excess weight and self-rated health and psychological distress in women in Spain

The association between excess weight and self-rated health and psychological distress in women in Spain

Hypertension labelling was associated with poorer self-rated health in the Third US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

Perceived Health as Related to Income, Socio-economic Status, Lifestyle, and Social Support Factors in a Middle-aged Japanese

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