Obesity, Motility, Diet, and Intestinal Microbiota—Connecting the Dots

Fayfman, Maya; Flint, Kristen; Srinivasan, Shanthi

doi:10.1007/s11894-019-0680-y

Cited by 26 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…Children who were obese at birth were more likely to develop diarrhea as compared to children who were normal at birth. This might be due to microbial metabolites, particularly short chain fatty acids, can lead to signaling changes in the host enterocytes and motility disorders and finally causes diarrhea 36 . The odds of developing diarrhea among children in the age group between 1-2 years were higher than those children whose age was below one year.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends and Determinants of Diarrhea Among Under-Five Children in Ethiopia: Cross-Sectional Study Design: Multivariate Decomposition and Multilevel Analysis Based on Bayesian Approach Evidenced by EDHS 2000-2016 Data.

Negesse

Adimasu

Negesse

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Despite significant progress in the reduction of under-five child deaths over the last decades in Ethiopia, still diarrhea remains the second cause of morbidity and mortality among under five children next to pneumonia. Objective: To show trends and determinants of diarrhea among under five children in Ethiopia based on the four Ethiopian Demographic and health surveys data (2000- 2016).Methods: Community-based cross-sectional study design was used. A total of 10753 in 2000, 10039 in 2005, 10946 in 2011 and 10337 in 2016 under five age children were involved. Multivariate decomposition and multilevel analysis based on Bayesian approach was performed.Results: Ninety seven percent of the change in diarrhea prevalence over time was attributable to difference in behavior. Being twin (AOR=1.3; 95% CrI 1.1-1.5), big weight (AOR=1.63; 95 % CrI 1.62–2.02), not vaccinated for rotavirus (AOR= 1.44; 95 % CrI 1.12–1.9) and for measles (AOR= 1.2; 95 % CrI 1.1–1.33), poor wealth status (AOR 2.6; 95 % CrI 1.7–4.06), having more than three under-five children(AOR 1.3; 95 % CrI 1.1–1.61), member of health insurance(AOR 2.2; 95 % CrI 1.3–3.8) and long distance from the health facility (AOR 2.7; 95 % CrI 2.2–3.5) were more likely to experience diarrhea. Conclusion: The prevalence of diarrhea was significantly declined over the last sixteen years and the decline was due to difference in coefficients between the surveys. Being twin , weight of child at birth, vaccinated for measles and rotavirus, number of under-five children, wealth status, distance to health facility, health insurance and child waste disposal method were significantly associated with diarrhea among under five children in Ethiopia. Therefore Ethiopian government should primarily focus on the strengthening and scaling up of behavioral change packages to prevent diarrheal disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends and Determinants of Diarrhea Among Under-Five Children in Ethiopia: Cross-Sectional Study Design: Multivariate Decomposition and Multilevel Analysis Based on Bayesian Approach Evidenced by EDHS 2000-2016 Data.

Negesse

Adimasu

Negesse

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Exercise [40,41] and Med-D [42] are known to improve metabolic (serum GLU and lipids) markers and cardiorespiratory fitness was reported to be significantly correlated to both microbial diversity [20,43,44] and Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio in healthy adults [45] . Animal-based diets increased the abundance of Bacteroides [46,47] and decreased Firmicutes which metabolize dietary plant polysaccharides [47] . Prevotella [48] abundance was associated with long-term fibre intake, estimated using the Diet History Questionnaire [48] .…”

Section: Dysbiosis In Spinal Cord Injury: Potential Target For Fibrementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Increased stool consistency (looser stool with high transit time) was inversely related to microbiota diversity and positively associated with Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio and increased CCT [46] . SCFA can increase levels of serotonin, triggering contraction of the smooth muscle in the gastrointestinal tract [46] and SCFA levels have been negatively correlated with CTT [53] .…”

Section: Dysbiosis In Spinal Cord Injury: Potential Target For Fibrementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gungor et al [39] suggested that although the identity of the genera that are dysregulated in both groups may differ, the reduction of butyrate (a SCFA) production would be expected to be similar. High fat diets decrease butyrate levels and can induce gut dysbiosis, dysmotility and constipation [46] . On the other hand, physically fit individuals had increased abundances of key butyrate-producing taxa, including Roseburia [43] .…”

Section: Dysbiosis In Spinal Cord Injury: Potential Target For Fibrementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Diet in neurogenic bowel management: A viewpoint on spinal cord injury

Bernardi¹,

Fedullo²,

Bernardi³

et al. 2020

WJG

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The aim of this review is to offer dietary advice for individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) and neurogenic bowel dysfunction. With this in mind, we consider health conditions that are dependent on the level of lesion including skeletal muscle atrophy, autonomic dysreflexia and neurogenic bladder. In addition, SCI is often associated with a sedentary lifestyle, which increases risk for osteoporosis and diseases associated with chronic low-grade inflammation, including cardiovascular and chronic kidney diseases. The Mediterranean diet, along with exercise and dietary supplements, has been suggested as an anti-inflammatory intervention in individuals with SCI. However, individuals with chronic SCI have a daily intake of whole fruit, vegetables and whole grains lower than the recommended dietary allowance for the general population. Some studies have reported an increase in neurogenic bowel dysfunction symptoms after high fiber intake; therefore, this finding could explain the low consumption of plant foods. Low consumption of fibre induces dysbiosis, which is associated with both WJG https://www.wjgnet.com

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“…Furthermore, lean littermates undergoing faecal transplantation from obese mice develop similar gut microbiomes and the obesity phenotype . Complex interactions of gut microbiota with dietary intake lead to alterations in gut wall integrity, hormone and neurotransmitter release, and changes in energy handling by the body (obesity) as well as perturbations in intestinal motility and secretion (diarrhoea) …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%