Results: A total of 9724 liver transplant recipients were included. Patients receiving a graft procured from a donor older than 60 years (adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 1⋅38, 95 per cent c.i. 1⋅10 to 1⋅73; P = 0⋅006), a donor with a history of diabetes (adjusted HR 1⋅43, 1⋅11 to 1⋅83; P = 0⋅006) and a donor with a body mass index of 35 kg/m 2 or more (adjusted HR 1⋅36, 1⋅04 to 1⋅77; P = 0⋅023) had an increased rate of post-transplant HCC recurrence. In 3007 patients with documented steatosis, severe graft steatosis (more than 60 per cent) was also linked to an increased risk of recurrence (adjusted HR 1⋅65, 1⋅03 to 2⋅64; P = 0⋅037). Recipients of organs from donation after cardiac death donors with prolonged warm ischaemia had higher recurrence rates (adjusted HR 4⋅26, 1⋅20 to 15⋅1; P = 0⋅025).Conclusion: Donor-related factors such as donor age, body mass index, diabetes and steatosis are associated with an increased rate of HCC recurrence after liver transplantation.