Obesity-related cognitive impairment: The role of endothelial dysfunction

Buie, Joy Jones; Watson, Luke S.; Smith, Cristina Reyes; Sims‐Robinson, Catrina

doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2019.104580

Cited by 89 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 385 publications

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“…Obesity has a detrimental effect on insulin sensitivity and inflammation and additionally has a negative impact on behavior. Some studies have shown that obese patients have diminished diversity in gut bacteria, while others indicate that gut dysbiosis can be the outcome and enhancer of obesity ( Buie et al., 2019 ). Gut microbiota impairment can be used to discriminate between obese and lean people with a ~90% precision ( Walters et al., 2014 ).…”

Section: Metabolic Disorders As Risk Factors For Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is well known the dysbiosis association with the development of obesity, metabolic syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), type 2 diabetes (T2D), and other metabolic disorders ( Harley and Karp, 2012 ; Ahsan et al., 2013 ; Buie et al., 2019 ; Dhar and Mohanty, 2020 ; Wang P. X. et al., 2020 ). Dysbiosis is characterized by low microbial diversity including a reduced abundance of Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus spp., and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii ( Dhar and Mohanty, 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Caused by (SARS-CoV-2) Infections: A Real Challenge for Human Gut Microbiota

Vodnar

Mitrea

Teleky

et al. 2020

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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The current COVID-19 pandemic is a great challenge for worldwide researchers in the human microbiota area because the mechanisms and long-term effects of the infection at the GI level are not yet deeply understood. In the current review, scientific literature including original research articles, clinical studies, epidemiological reports, and review-type articles concerning human intestinal infection with SARS-CoV-2 and the possible consequences on the microbiota were reviewed. Moreover, the following aspects pertaining to COVID-19 have also been discussed: transmission, resistance in the human body, the impact of nutritional status in relation to the intestinal microbiota, and the impact of comorbid metabolic disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBS), obesity, and type two diabetes (T2D). The articles investigated show that health, age, and nutritional status are associated with specific communities of bacterial species in the gut, which could influence the clinical course of COVID-19 infection. Fecal microbiota alterations were associated with fecal concentrations of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 severity. Patients suffering from metabolic and gastrointestinal (GI) disorders are thought to be at a moderate-to-high risk of infection with SARS-CoV-2, indicating the direct implication of gut dysbiosis in COVID-19 severity. However, additional efforts are required to identify the initial GI symptoms of COVID-19 for possible early intervention.

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Section: Metabolic Disorders As Risk Factors For Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Caused by (SARS-CoV-2) Infections: A Real Challenge for Human Gut Microbiota

Vodnar

Mitrea

Teleky

et al. 2020

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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show abstract

“…Recent revisions show evidence that diet-induced obesity compromises the integrity of bloodbrain barrier (BBB) through endothelial dysfunction [19,55,56]. Although the most reported evidence is based in animal models of obesity, Gustafson et al (2007) suggested that BBB permeability is also higher in overweight or obese people than controls [56].…”

Section: Cortical Gray Matter Findings and Proinflammatory Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammatory agents partially explain associations between cortical thickness, surface area, and body mass in adolescents and young adulthood

et al. 2020

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Background/Objectives: Excessive body mass index (BMI) has been linked to a low-grade chronic inflammation state. Unhealthy BMI has also been related to neuroanatomical changes in adults. Research in adolescents is relatively limited and has produced conflicting results. This study aims to address the relationship between BMI and adolescents' brain structure as well as to test the role that inflammatory adipose-related agents might have over this putative link. Methods: We studied structural MRI and serum levels of interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), C-reactive protein and fibrinogen in 65 adolescents (aged 12-21 years). Relationships between BMI, cortical thickness and surface area were tested with a vertex-wise analysis. Subsequently, we used backward multiple linear regression models to explore the influence of inflammatory parameters in each brain-altered area. Results: We found a negative association between cortical thickness and BMI in the left lateral occipital cortex (LOC) and the right precentral gyrus as well as a positive relationship between surface area and BMI in the left rostral middle frontal gyrus and the right superior frontal gyrus. In addition, we found that higher fibrinogen serum concentrations were related to thinning within the left LOC (β =-0.45, p < 0.001), while higher serum levels of TNF-α were associated to a greater surface area in the right superior frontal gyrus (β = 0.32, p = 0.045). Besides, we have also identified a trend that negatively correlates the cortical thickness of the left fusiform gyrus with the increases in BMI. It was also associated to fibrinogen (β =-0.33, p = 0.035). Conclusions: These results suggest that adolescents' body mass increases are related with brain abnormalities in areas that could play a relevant role in some aspects of feeding behavior. Likewise, we have evidenced that these cortical changes were partially explained by inflammatory agents such as fibrinogen and TNF-α.

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“…Abdominal obesity is associated with macrovascular and microvascular dysfunction, in particular preclinical and clinical studies have shown that obesity induce endothelial dysfunction that disrupts blood flow, reduces vascular tone and impairs the blood brain barrier [ 20 ]. The inner ear is a high metabolic organ without collateral blood supply, therefore an impaired cochlear blood perfusion mediated by endothelial dysfunction could induce hearing loss and prevent the therapeutic agents reaching the impaired tissue through the blood circulation [ 4 , 21 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic syndrome and idiopathic sudden sensori-neural hearing loss

et al. 2020

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between the presence of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) and idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSHL) and the impact of MetS on recovery of patients with ISSHL. 39 Patients with ISSHL and 44 controls were enrolled in this study. Demographic, clinical characteristics and hearing recovery were evaluated. MetS was defined according to the diagnostic criteria of International Diabetes Federation (IDF) consensus definition. Patients affected by ISSHL presented a body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, waist hip ratio (WHR), fasting glucose and blood pressure significantly higher compared to controls. Considering patients with central obesity, 5 controls and 15 ISSHL patients met the criteria of MetS. According to Siegel criteria, a complete or partial recovery was observed in 60% of patients with MetS and in 91,66% of patients without MetS. MetS was associated with ISSHL and this association negatively influenced the hearing recovery of these patients.

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Obesity-related cognitive impairment: The role of endothelial dysfunction

Cited by 89 publications

References 385 publications

Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Caused by (SARS-CoV-2) Infections: A Real Challenge for Human Gut Microbiota

Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Caused by (SARS-CoV-2) Infections: A Real Challenge for Human Gut Microbiota

Inflammatory agents partially explain associations between cortical thickness, surface area, and body mass in adolescents and young adulthood

Metabolic syndrome and idiopathic sudden sensori-neural hearing loss

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