Obesity with a body mass index under 30 does not significantly impair the immune response in young adults

Han, Sung Nim; Jeon, Kyeong Jin; Kim, Min Soo; Kim, Hyekyeong; Lee, Aejin

doi:10.1016/j.nutres.2011.04.002

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Female gender and lower BMI were found to be associated with higher CD4+ T-cell response rates than male gender and persons with a higher BMI. This is consistent with previous studies showing that in comparison to those with normal body weight, overweight adults had poorer responses to hepatitis A and B vaccinations [28], reduced response to influenza vaccination [29,30], and less robust cellular immune responses to exogenous stimulation by mitogens [31]. This BMI effect may be related to better cellular uptake for IM administered vaccines or other physiological factors that currently are unclear.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Multiple factors affect immunogenicity of DNA plasmid HIV vaccines in human clinical trials

Jin

Morgan

et al. 2015

Vaccine

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Plasmid DNA vaccines have been licensed for use in domesticated animals because of their excellent immunogenicity, but none have yet been licensed for use in humans. Here we report a retrospective analysis of 1218 healthy human volunteers enrolled in 10 phase I clinical trials in which DNA plasmids encoding HIV antigens were administered. Elicited T-cell immune responses were quantified by validated intracellular cytokine staining (ICS) stimulated with HIV peptide pools. HIV-specific binding and neutralizing antibody activities were also analyzed using validated assays. Results showed that, in the absence of adjuvants and boosting with alternative vaccines, DNA vaccines elicited CD8+ and CD4+ T-cell responses in an average of 13.3% (95% CI: 9.8% to 17.8%) and 37.7% (95% CI: 31.9% to 43.8%) of vaccine recipients, respectively. Three vaccinations (versus 2) improved the proportion of subjects with antigen-specific CD8+ responses (p=0.02), as did increased DNA dosage (p=0.007). Furthermore, female gender and participants having a lower Body Mass Index were independently associated with higher CD4+ T-cell response rate (p=0.001 and p=0.008, respectively). These vaccines elicited minimal neutralizing and binding antibody responses. These findings of the immunogenicity of HIV DNA vaccines in humans can provide guidance for future clinical trials.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Multiple factors affect immunogenicity of DNA plasmid HIV vaccines in human clinical trials

Jin

Morgan

et al. 2015

Vaccine

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“…Cytokines, important regulators of immune function, play a crucial role in lymphocyte activation, proliferation and differentiation. During obesity, the secretion of cytokines, especially IL-2 and IL-4, is altered, according to previous studies [12]. Obesity-associated insulin resistance is consistently associated with elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNFα, IL-6, and IL-1β [13] [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Vitamins C, E, and NADH on <i>in Vitro</i> Lymphocyte Proliferation and Redox Status among Obese Patients

Meraou¹,

Merzouk²,

Saidi³

et al. 2016

FNS

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Background: The prevalence of overweight and obesity associated with oxidative stress and immune abnormalities is continuously increasing. Antioxidant supplementations might counteract potential damage caused by ROS to cellular tissues. Objective: To determine the role of vitamins on immune improvement during obesity, we investigated in vitro effects of vitamins C, E, and NADH on mitogen-stimulated proliferation, Th1-and Th2-type cytokine production, and oxidant/antioxidant status of lymphocytes isolated from obese patients. Methods: Peripheral blood lymphocytes were isolated using a density gradient of Histopaque. They were in vitro cultured and stimulated by Con A in the presence or absence of vitamins. Cell proliferation was determined by MTT assay and interleukin-2, interleukin-4 and interferon-γ (INFγ) secretions. Cell oxidant/antioxidant balance was studied by assaying glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), carbonyl protein levels, catalase activity and micronucli frequency. Results: Obesity is associated with enhanced oxidative stress response. Indeed, vitamin C, E and NADH improved significantly lymphocyte proliferation and diminished cellular oxidative stress. Conclusion: Treatments of lymphocytes with vitamins had beneficial effects on lymphocyte proliferation, cytokines secretions and redox status, generating an anti-inflammatory profile and should be considered in therapeutic approaches for normalizing immune cell function in obesity.

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“…In that study, 4-week-old mice were fed with HFD with 50% energy fat for 13 weeks and the average final body weight of obese mice was 31% higher than that of control mice (30.8 g in obese mice vs. 23.5 g in control mice), which is consistent with our results. In young (24- to 34-year-old) obese human subjects, who did not have metabolic disorders, peripheral blood mononuclear cell proliferation in response to T cell mitogens was not significantly different from that of normal weight subjects [24]. It seems that mild obesity does not significantly suppress the lymphocyte proliferative response, especially in early adulthood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Korean pine nut oil on weight gain and immune responses in high-fat diet-induced obese mice

et al. 2013

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Korean pine nut oil (PNO) has been reported to have favorable effects on lipid metabolism and appetite control. We investigated whether PNO consumption could influence weight gain, and whether the PNO-induced effect would result in an improvement of immune function in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. C57BL/6 mice were fed control diets with 10% energy fat from either PNO or soybean oil (SBO), or HFDs with 45% energy fat from 10% PNO or SBO and 35% lard, 20% PNO or SBO and 25% lard, or 30% PNO or SBO and 15% lard for 12 weeks. The proliferative responses of splenocytes upon stimulation with concanavalin A (Con A) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS), Con A-stimulated production of interleukin (IL)-2 and interferon (IFN)-γ, and LPS-stimulated production of IL-6, IL-1β, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) by splenocytes were determined. Consumption of HFDs containing PNO resulted in significantly less weight gain (17% less, P < 0.001), and lower weight gain was mainly due to less white adipose tissue (18% less, P = 0.001). The reduction in weight gain did not result in the overall enhancement in splenocyte proliferation. Overall, PNO consumption resulted in a higher production of IL-1β (P = 0.04). Replacement of SBO with PNO had no effect on the production of IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-6, or PGE2 in mice fed with either the control diets or HFDs. In conclusion, consumption of PNO reduced weight gain in mice fed with HFD, but this effect did not result in the overall improvement in immune responses.

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Obesity with a body mass index under 30 does not significantly impair the immune response in young adults

Cited by 19 publications

References 27 publications

Multiple factors affect immunogenicity of DNA plasmid HIV vaccines in human clinical trials

Multiple factors affect immunogenicity of DNA plasmid HIV vaccines in human clinical trials

Vitamins C, E, and NADH on <i>in Vitro</i> Lymphocyte Proliferation and Redox Status among Obese Patients

Impact of Korean pine nut oil on weight gain and immune responses in high-fat diet-induced obese mice

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Obesity with a body mass index under 30 does not significantly impair the immune response in young adults

Cited by 19 publications

References 27 publications

Multiple factors affect immunogenicity of DNA plasmid HIV vaccines in human clinical trials

Multiple factors affect immunogenicity of DNA plasmid HIV vaccines in human clinical trials

Vitamins C, E, and NADH on &lt;i&gt;in Vitro&lt;/i&gt; Lymphocyte Proliferation and Redox Status among Obese Patients

Impact of Korean pine nut oil on weight gain and immune responses in high-fat diet-induced obese mice

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Vitamins C, E, and NADH on <i>in Vitro</i> Lymphocyte Proliferation and Redox Status among Obese Patients