Obituary: Colin B. Cowey

Kaushik, SJ

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2014.03.015

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The result might be due to that small‐size fish is in a rapid growth period, so fish can use more dietary proteins for protein deposition to promote the growth and reduce the proportion of protein used for energy consumption (Watanabe et al., 2000). However, large‐size fish is in a slow growth period, so appropriate diet protein levels can promote the growth, while excessive dietary protein decomposes and supplies energy through deamination (Kaushik & Cowey, 1991; Wilson, 2002), which aggravates the burden of nitrogen metabolism in fish and may cause metabolic disorder in fish, thus affecting the growth and health of fish (Cho & Bureau, 2001; Gan et al., 2012). However, it should be noted that not all studies produce analogous phenomenon.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary protein requirement for large‐size Songpu mirror carp ( Cyprinus carpio Songpu)

Fan

et al. 2020

Aquacult. Nutr.

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Dietary protein requirements of large‐size Songpu mirror carp (Cyprinus carpio Songpu) were investigated through an an 82‐day feeding trial. Six practical diets were formulated to contain increasing crude protein levels of 240, 260, 280, 300, 320 and 340 g/kg. Six triplicate groups of fish (25 individuals per replicate with initial mean weights of 246.00 ± 17.36 g) were reared in the floating net cages. Results indicated that the highest weight gain rate (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR), protein efficiency ratio (PER) and lowest feed conversion ratio (FCR) were observed in the 260 g/kg treatment. The whole‐body crude protein content was significantly higher in the 260 and 280 g/kg treatments (p < .05). The expression of growth hormone (GH) in dorsal white muscle, Rh a glycoprotein (Rhag), Rh b glycoprotein (Rhbg) and Rh c glycoprotein 1 (Rhcg1) in gills increased significantly with increasing protein levels, while the expression of target of rapamycin (TOR), eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding protein 1 (4EBP1) and S6 kinase (S6K) in muscle and intestine increased first and then decreased significantly. Based on these findings, 260 g/kg seems to be the proper level of protein in a practical diet for large‐size Songpu mirror carp (Cyprinus carpio Songpu).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary protein requirement for large‐size Songpu mirror carp ( Cyprinus carpio Songpu)

Fan

et al. 2020

Aquacult. Nutr.

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“…In the present study, the plasma ammonia contents were not significantly among Diets 1–4, which is possibly attributed to the fast ammonia clearance from plasma by the gills (Berge, Sveier, & Lied, ). Moreover, it might be affected by dietary nutritional status and feeding regimes in fish species (Kaushik, ; Kaushik & Cowey, ). In higher animals, such as in pig, dietary protein reduction by using CAA resulted in significantly less nitrogen excreted (Portejoie, Dourmad, Martinez, & Lebreton, ), and every 10 g/kg reduction in dietary protein could lead to 10%–12% lower NH 3 emissions (Aarnink & Verstegen, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of supplemental amino acids on the success of reducing dietary protein levels for Jian carp ( Cyprinus carpio var. Jian)

Ren

He²,

Liang

et al. 2019

Aquacult Nutr

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A feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of essential amino acids (EAA) supplementation on the success of dietary protein reduction for Jian carp (Cyprinus carpio var. Jian). Five diets were formulated including a positive control (Diet 1, 378.4 g/kg protein), a negative control (Diet 5, 289.8 g/kg protein) and three test diets (Diet 2‐Diet 4, 340.4–299.0 g/kg protein supplemented with EAA). No significant decline of growth performance in fish fed decreased dietary protein with EAA supplementation, which were significantly higher than the negative control. The apparent digestibility coefficients (ADC) of protein and most EAAs were not significantly affected by the dietary treatments. Dietary treatments did not affect whole‐body composition, but influenced protein and EAAs retentions. Total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) excretion decreased with the decreasing dietary protein, and the highest plasma ammonia content was observed in fish fed Diet 5. Plasma glucose concentration increased with the decreasing dietary protein reduction, while other plasma parameters were not affected by dietary treatments. These results indicated that low‐protein diets (299.0 g/kg) supplemented with EAA can maintain protein, EAA digestibility and retention in Jian carp, and also has benefit in the reduction of TAN excretion.

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“…Compared to the life stages of fish juvenile fishes require low energy high protein and mature adult fish requires high energy low protein diet. Kaushik & Cowey (1991) [5] observed the reduction in dietary protein and dietary energy ratio had proven to be enormously efficient in improving protein utilization and decreasing nitrogenous waste in fishes. If there is an excess of diet and an energy reduction it reduces the growth of a fish or any organism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fish feed nutrition and its management in aquaculture

Manam¹

2023

Int. J. Fish. Aquat. Stud.

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Aquaculture production has increased considerably nowadays due to intensive culture and deploying biological techniques. Seafood is expected to be the future trustworthy food source that is going to serve the poor. Sustainability can be achieved by providing the nutritious and completely balanced feed. Aquaculture has many issues like efficiency in feeding, prevention of overfeeding for fish, avoiding wastage of food, maintaining good health conditions in fish, using advanced biotechnological methods, and fish consumption connected with human health. Prevention of nutrient deficiency and the occurrence of disease in fish can be achieved only by providing adequate nutrients. This study shows the effect of balanced feed on fish health, well-being, and prevention of disease in fishes.

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Obituary: Colin B. Cowey

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Dietary protein requirement for large‐size Songpu mirror carp ( Cyprinus carpio Songpu)

Dietary protein requirement for large‐size Songpu mirror carp ( Cyprinus carpio Songpu)

Use of supplemental amino acids on the success of reducing dietary protein levels for Jian carp ( Cyprinus carpio var. Jian)

Fish feed nutrition and its management in aquaculture

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