Objective Measurement of Pilot´s Attention Using Eye Track Technology during IFR Flights

Škvareková, Iveta; Škultéty, Filip

doi:10.1016/j.trpro.2019.07.215

Cited by 18 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The results showed that individuals with higher levels of expertise more efficiently retrieved relevant information and used more efficient scanpaths than novices [ 62 ]. In another study, Skvarekova et al [ 75 ] employed eye tracking to determine the differences in scanning techniques and attention distribution of experienced and inexperienced pilots during a precision instrument landing system approach and a non-precision non-directional beacon instrument approach. Their results revealed that experienced and inexperienced pilots’ scanning techniques differed considerably.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… ( a ) Pilot scanpath of cockpit flight instruments during a landing approach [ 75 ]; ( b ) Excavator operator gaze point distribution heatmap [ 92 ]. …”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“… Example of the different types of eye tracking devices: ( a ) eye tracking glasses [ 75 ]; ( b ) headband [ 92 ]; ( c ) helmet-mounted [ 130 , 131 ]; ( d ); remote or table [ 132 ]; ( e ) tower-mounted [ 133 , 134 ]. …”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

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Application of Eye Tracking Technology in Aviation, Maritime, and Construction Industries: A Systematic Review

Martinez-Marquez

Pingali

Panuwatwanich

et al. 2021

Sensors

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Most accidents in the aviation, maritime, and construction industries are caused by human error, which can be traced back to impaired mental performance and attention failure. In 1596, Du Laurens, a French anatomist and medical scientist, said that the eyes are the windows of the mind. Eye tracking research dates back almost 150 years and it has been widely used in different fields for several purposes. Overall, eye tracking technologies provide the means to capture in real time a variety of eye movements that reflect different human cognitive, emotional, and physiological states, which can be used to gain a wider understanding of the human mind in different scenarios. This systematic literature review explored the different applications of eye tracking research in three high-risk industries, namely aviation, maritime, and construction. The results of this research uncovered the demographic distribution and applications of eye tracking research, as well as the different technologies that have been integrated to study the visual, cognitive, and attentional aspects of human mental performance. Moreover, different research gaps and potential future research directions were highlighted in relation to the usage of additional technologies to support, validate, and enhance eye tracking research to better understand human mental performance.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… ( a ) Pilot scanpath of cockpit flight instruments during a landing approach [ 75 ]; ( b ) Excavator operator gaze point distribution heatmap [ 92 ]. …”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

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Application of Eye Tracking Technology in Aviation, Maritime, and Construction Industries: A Systematic Review

Martinez-Marquez

Pingali

Panuwatwanich

et al. 2021

Sensors

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“…The use of Eye Tracking technology to study eye movements has been increased in the fields of academic and scientific research, market research, medical and human factors over the last period. 11 Despite this fact that Eye Track technology is in many ways beneficial, it has been rarely used in the air pistol shooting task. Our study was designed to examine different levels of cognitive processes (according to pupil size) during dry (unscored) fire and live (scored) fire air-pistol shooting performances.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The cognitive workload of air pistol shooters on the aiming task

Vardar

Senduran

2021

PJMHS

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Background: Pupil dilations of the eye are known to correspond to central cognitive processes. Pupil size variations have been used for many years as a window on the mind, and various pupillary features have been associated with a number of cognitive processes Aim: The aim of this study is to examine levels of cognitive workload that occur during the aiming task of air-pistol shooting athletes according to the change that takes place in the pupils. Methods: Eight right-handed skilled male shooters (4 elite and 4 novice) were recruited in this study. A total of 320 shots - 160 dry (unscored) shots and 160 live (scored) shots - were recorded with a mobile eye-tracking device. The obtained pupil data were subjected to biometric analysis. The athletes’ pupil sizes were determined with the independent samples t-test according to whether the shot made was scored or unscored and whether the athletes were elite or novice. The athletes’ pupil size values at the beginning and end of the shot were obtained using the paired samples t-test. Results: On completion of the shot, the sport shooters’ pupils dilated on average by 2.85 mm at a rate of 32.5% compared to the situation at shot onset. Moreover, novice shooters’ pupils dilated more when firing scored shots than when firing unscored shots. According to the research results, it can be said that sports shooters engage in intensive cognitive processes while aiming and trigger pulling immediately before firing the shot. Novice shooters engage in more intensive cognitive processes when firing scored shots than when firing unscored shots. Conclusion: According to the results of the research, it can be said that in the sport of air pistol shooting, giving priority to dry (unscored) shooting training can contribute positively to the development of novice athletes’ aiming task skills and cognitive load capacity. Keywords: Cognitive workload, cognitive processes, eye tracking, air pistol, shooting

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“…At present, there is a lack of objective systems that would allow for the determination of the level of training of persons operating (not only) mechanical equipment [1][2][3][4][5]. An interesting example is the system examining pilots' scanning behavior when executing maneuvers at airports in varying visibility conditions [6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Application of Flexible Areas of Interest to Pilot Mobile Eye Tracking

Gomółka

Kordos

Zeslawska

2020

Sensors

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Recent progress in the development of mobile Eye Tracking (ET) systems shows that there is a demand for modern flexible solutions that would allow for dynamic tracking of objects in the video stream. The paper describes a newly developed tool for work with ET glasses, and its advantages are outlined with the example of a pilot study. A flight task is performed on the FNTP II MCC simulator, and the pilots are equipped with the Mobile Tobii Glasses. The proposed Smart Trainer tool performs dynamic object tracking in a registered video stream, allowing for an interactive definition of Area of Interest (AOI) with blurred contours for the individual cockpit instruments and for the construction of corresponding histograms of pilot attention. The studies are carried out on a group of experienced pilots with a professional pilot CPL(A) license with instrumental flight (Instrument Rating (IR)) certification and a group of pilots without instrumental training. The experimental section shows the differences in the perception of the flight process between two distinct groups of pilots with varying levels in flight training for the ATPL(A) line pilot license. The proposed Smart Trainer tool might be exploited in order to assess and improve the process of training operators of advanced systems with human machine interfaces.

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Objective Measurement of Pilot´s Attention Using Eye Track Technology during IFR Flights

Cited by 18 publications

References 4 publications

Application of Eye Tracking Technology in Aviation, Maritime, and Construction Industries: A Systematic Review

Application of Eye Tracking Technology in Aviation, Maritime, and Construction Industries: A Systematic Review

The cognitive workload of air pistol shooters on the aiming task

The Application of Flexible Areas of Interest to Pilot Mobile Eye Tracking

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