Objective Psychological Measurement and Alcoholism: Review of Literature, 1971–72

Knox, Wilma J.

doi:10.2466/pr0.1976.38.3c.1023

Cited by 19 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…The MMPI (Hathaway & McKinley, 1940) has been the most frequently used personality instrument in the study of alcoholics (Knox, 1976). This research has provided a number of findings that are suggestive of a variety of personality subtypes within the 29 I alcoholic population.…”

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confidence: 99%

The relationship between personality type and style of Alcohol Use

Corbisiero¹,

Reznikoff

1991

J. Clin. Psychol.

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Two hundred fifty male, alcoholic VA inpatients were administered the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI) and the Alcohol Use Inventory (AUI). A cluster analysis, based on the scales of the MCMI, yielded three clusters: Cluster 1 was the smallest and was described by the least overall psychopathology. Cluster 2 had significant elevations on Antisocial, Narcissistic, Paranoid, Drug and Alcohol Abuse scales. Cluster 3 was the largest and had significant elevations on Avoidant, Schizoid, Dependent, Passive‐Aggressive, Anxiety, Dysthymia, and Alcohol Abuse scales.

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confidence: 99%

The relationship between personality type and style of Alcohol Use

Corbisiero¹,

Reznikoff

1991

J. Clin. Psychol.

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“…The total score can be ordered along a scoring continuum for assessment (Skinner, 1979), or it can be referred to a recommended cut-off for screening problem drinkers (Selzer, 1971). Several recent reviews of the MAST (e.g., Jacobson, 1976;Knox, 1976Knox, , 1978Miller, 1976) have concluded that the test has promise and that continued research toward improved standardization and validation is warranted.The MAST, similar to many alcoholism detection instruments and drinking problem surveys, assesses problems with alcohol without reference to specific dates of occurrence. Temporal parameters such as time of onset, duration, and most recent occasion for problems are omitted.…”

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confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (MAST) in assessing lifetime and recent problems

Zung

1982

J. Clin. Psychol.

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Investigated the reliability, validity and dimensionality of scores obtained by acute psychiatric inpatients (N = 120) on the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test adapted to assess lifetime and current symptomatology. Under most conditions, test scores and classifications were reasonably consistent over brief intervals and the underlying structure of test content was unidimensional. The test showed high sensitivity (88%), insufficient specificity (50%), and modest classification accuracy overall (58%) and thus underscored the problem of excessive false positives and/or an inadequate diagnosis as criterion.

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“…Again, these problems may well be aspects of a more generalized confusion in mature adult roles. In an era of major changes in sex-role expectancies, the research may well be dated (Knox, 1976). Indeed, the current confusion and ambiguity in cultural definitions of sex roles may have implications for alcohol abuse.…”

Section: Defensive Denial or Ambivalencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This will involve a consideration of the concept of etiology, and of some current issues in "mainstream" personality and social psychology. Previously published reviews of the literature in various types of relationships of individual differences and alcohol use will not simply be duplicated (see Sutherland, Schroder and Tordella, 1950;Syme, 1957;Armstrong, 1958;Lisansky, 1960Lisansky, , 1967Blum, 1966;Roebuck and Kessler, 1972;Braucht, Brakarsh, Follingstad and Berry, 1973;Kohn, 1974;Beckman, 1975;Hoffman, 1976;Sugerman and Schneider, 1976;Knox, 1976;Miller, 1976;O'Leary and O'Leary, 1976;Smart, 1976;Zimering and Calhoun, 1976;Williams, 1977). Rather, a critical overview of the current status of theory and research in the area will be provided.…”

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confidence: 99%

Etiology, personality and alcoholism.

Sadava¹

1978

Canadian Psychological Review / Psychologie Canadienne

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Personality is one necessary component of an adequate theory of problem drinking/ alcoholism. The role of personality in the etiology of alcoholism is examined in terms of prediction, explanation and causal inference. Issues are reviewed, which support the multivariate conceptions of alcohol abuse and the necessity for a multivariate theoretical framework for personality research. In the development of theory, it is important to recognize the character of alcohol abuse as both unique and consistent with other phenomena. Despite the conceptual and methodological inadequacies, the literature supports the relevance, in the alcohol problems, of dependency, defensive denial, depression, sex-role identity confusion, inadequate impulse control and subjective dissatisfaction. In order to understand the temporally dynamic processes of alcohol abuse, reciprocal interaction systems of personality, environment ond behaviour are necessary. RESUMELa personnalite est une composante necessaire d'une theorie valable sur 1'alcoolisme. Le role de la personnalite dans I'etiologie de 1'alcoolisme est envisage sous I'angle de la prediction, de I'explication et de la causalite. Un examen des travaux sur ce sujet confirme la pertinence des conceptions multivariees du phenomene de Tabus d'alcool et la necessity de recourir a un cadre theorique multivarie pour conduire les recherches sur la personnalite. Dans ['elaboration d'une theorie, il est essentiel d'envisager la phenomene de I'abus d'alcool comme ayant un caractere a la fois unique et consistant avec d'autres phenomenes. Malgre les imperfections conceptuelles et methodologiques des travaux faits a ce jour, les donnees permettent d'identifier, dans les problemes d'alcoolisme, des elements de dependance, de deni defensif, de confusion dans I'identite des roles sexuels, de controle inadequat des impulsions et d'insatisfaction subjective. Pour comprendre le processus dynamique temporel de I'abus d'alcool, il est necessaire d'elaborer les systemes ou la personnalite, I'environnement et le comportement interogissent."... the investigation of any trait in alcoholics will show that they have either more or less of it." (Keller, 1972(Keller, , p. 1147) Statements such as "Keller's Law" reveal a certain pessimism about the relevance of personality to alcohol problems. 2 Beyond theoretical and methodological difficulties, the very purpose of these iSupported by Leave Fellowship

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Objective Psychological Measurement and Alcoholism: Review of Literature, 1971–72

Cited by 19 publications

References 83 publications

The relationship between personality type and style of Alcohol Use

The relationship between personality type and style of Alcohol Use

Evaluation of the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (MAST) in assessing lifetime and recent problems

Etiology, personality and alcoholism.

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