Objectively Measured Sedentary Time, Physical Activity and Markers of Body Fat in Preschool Children

España-Romero, Vanesa; Mitchell, Jonathan A.; Dowda, Marsha; O’Neill, Jennifer; Pate, Russell R.

doi:10.1123/pes.25.1.154

Cited by 36 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…It is necessary to emphasize that hypokinesia as a characteristic of the present lifestyle has occurred without adequate physiological adaptation during too short a period of time. This is an aggravating factor in most populations including transient and some higher social strata in developing countries [40]. All these factors along with other secular changes including inadequate nutrition have been considered for “homo sapiens” to be an unnatural situation especially during growth periods.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results of adequate interventions and improvements of physical activity and exercise regimes as a preventive measure were reviewed recently [8, 24, 37, 40]. However, due to the life conditions, especially in large urban agglomerations, such arrangements are very difficult and require the interventions of health and pedagogic and also governmental institutions providing all groups of growing populations [34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interventions in physical activity regimes have shown marked positive impact [24, 37, 40]. Computer games and TV are a concern at present already preschool children who become often overly dependent on them.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Secular Changes of Adiposity in Czech Children Aged from 3 to 6 Years: Latent Obesity in Preschool Age

Sedlák

Pařízková

Procházková

et al. 2017

BioMed Research International

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BMI, skinfold thickness, and circumferential measures were assessed in groups of normal healthy Czech boys (n = 1764) and girls (n = 1762) 3–6 years of age in the late 1950s and 1960s (sample C), in the 1990s (sample B), and in 2014–2016 (sample A). During these decades BMI has not changed significantly, and in selected groups (boys 3, 5, and 6, girls 3 and 6 years) it was most recently found to be significantly lower (P ≤ 0.05). Subscapular, suprailiac, triceps, midthigh, and above patella skinfold thicknesses significantly increased in sample A as compared to sample C (P ≤ 0.001). Comparison of the same skinfolds measured in the nineties (sample B) and more recently (sample A) showed similar increase of subcutaneous fat (P ≤ 0.001). The increase of adiposity characterized by skinfolds occurring in spite of not markedly changed BMI indicates significant changes of body composition—latent (also hidden) obesity. The increase of adiposity was relatively greatest on the trunk (P ≤ 0.001)—which is considered a marker of the greatest health risk. The decrease of femoral circumference (P ≤ 0.05) along with simultaneous increase of thigh skinfold (P ≤ 0.01) revealed the decrease of muscle mass in the lower extremity, obviously due to the reduction of weight-transferring physical activity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Secular Changes of Adiposity in Czech Children Aged from 3 to 6 Years: Latent Obesity in Preschool Age

Sedlák

Pařízková

Procházková

et al. 2017

BioMed Research International

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“…18 The school day was defined by each preschool as the period of instruction. Time not within the school day was considered Out-of-School.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-school and Out-of-school Physical Activity in Preschool Children

O’Neill¹,

Pfeiffer²,

Dowda³

et al. 2016

Journal of Physical Activity and Health

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Background Little is known about the relationship between children’s physical activity (PA) in preschool (In-School) and outside of preschool (Out-of-School). This study described this relationship. Methods Participants were 341 children (4.6 ± 0.3 years) in 16 preschools. Accelerometers measured moderate-to-vigorous and total PA (MVPA, TPA) In-School and Out-of-School. In the full sample, Pearson correlation was used to describe associations between In-School and Out-of-School PA. Also, children were categorized as meeting or not meeting a PA guideline during school. MVPA and TPA were compared between the two groups and In-School and Out-of-School using 2-way repeated measures ANOVA. Results In the full sample, In-School and Out-of-School PA were positively correlated for MVPA (r = .13, P = .02) and TPA (r = .15, P = .01). Children who met the guideline In-School remained comparably active Out-of-School. However, those who did not meet the guideline were more active Out-of-School than In-School. The groups were active at comparable levels while out-of-school. Identical patterns were seen for MVPA and TPA. Conclusions Children’s In-School PA was positively associated with Out-of-School PA. Children who did not meet the guideline In-School were more active Out-of-School than In-School, suggesting preschool and classroom factors may reduce some children’s PA In-School.

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“…Accelerometry has become a commonly used and accepted measure of PA and is the preferred method over the last decade on epidemiological studies in young children. However, relatively few studies have examined the association between PA and obesity status in preschool children [13][14][15][16][17] and to the best of our knowledge, no studies have compared the compliance of daily PA recommendations and obesity status in this age group. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine compliance with current PA guidelines in Portuguese preschool children and examine the association between meeting daily PA recommendations and weight status.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical activity guidelines and preschooler's obesity status

et al. 2013

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AIM:The benefits of promoting physical activity (PA) in counteracting the high prevalence of childhood obesity have become increasingly important in the past decade. The aim of this study was to examine the association between compliance of daily PA recommendations and the risk of being overweight or obese in preschool-aged children. METHODS: The sample comprised 607 children aged 4-6 years, recruited from kindergartens located in the metropolitan area of Porto, Portugal. Preschooler's body mass index was classified according to International Obesity Task Force. PA was assessed during 7 consecutive days by accelerometer. Children were classified as meeting or not meeting PA recommendations based on two guidelines: (i) at least 3 h per day of total PA (TPA); and (ii) at least 1 h per day of moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA). RESULTS: The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 23.5 and 10.6% in girls and 17.2 and 8.9% in boys. In all, 90.2 and 97.3% of girls met the X1 h MVPA and X3 h TPA recommendations, respectively. In all, 96.2 and 99.4% boys met the X1 h MVPA and X3 h TPA recommendations, respectively. Boys were significantly more likely to achieve the X1 h MVPA and X3 h TPA recommendations than girls (Pp0.001). Not meeting the X1 h MVPA guideline was associated with obesity status (OR: 3.8; IC: 1.3-10.4), in girls, but not boys. No other statistically significant associations were found. DISCUSSION: These findings suggest that over 90% of children met the recommended guidelines. There is an association with low levels of MVPA and higher obesity status among preschool girls. Further, longitudinal studies are needed to confirm these data.

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Objectively Measured Sedentary Time, Physical Activity and Markers of Body Fat in Preschool Children

Cited by 36 publications

References 41 publications

Secular Changes of Adiposity in Czech Children Aged from 3 to 6 Years: Latent Obesity in Preschool Age

Secular Changes of Adiposity in Czech Children Aged from 3 to 6 Years: Latent Obesity in Preschool Age

In-school and Out-of-school Physical Activity in Preschool Children

Physical activity guidelines and preschooler's obesity status

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