Observation of Asteroids for Searching Extraterrestrial Artifacts

Kecskes, C.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-39244-3_27

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Unfortunately, the attitude that the study of UAVs (UFOs) is “unscientific” pervades the scientific community, including SETI (Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence) [ 34 ], which is surprising, especially since efforts are underway to search for extraterrestrial artifacts in the solar system [ 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 ], particularly, on the Moon, Mars, asteroids [ 40 ], and at Earth-associated Lagrange points. Ironically, such attitudes inhibit scientific study, perpetuating a state of ignorance about these phenomena that has persisted for well over 70 years, which is now especially detrimental, since answers are presently needed [ 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating Flight Characteristics of Anomalous Unidentified Aerial Vehicles

Knuth

Powell²,

Reali³

2019

Entropy

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Several Unidentified Aerial Phenomena (UAP) encountered by military, commercial, and civilian aircraft have been reported to be structured craft that exhibit `impossible’ flight characteristics. We consider a handful of well-documented encounters, including the 2004 encounters with the Nimitz Carrier Group off the coast of California, and estimate lower bounds on the accelerations exhibited by the craft during the observed maneuvers. Estimated accelerations range from almost 100 g to 1000s of gs with no observed air disturbance, no sonic booms, and no evidence of excessive heat commensurate with even the minimal estimated energies. In accordance with observations, the estimated parameters describing the behavior of these craft are both anomalous and surprising. The extreme estimated flight characteristics reveal that these observations are either fabricated or seriously in error, or that these craft exhibit technology far more advanced than any known craft on Earth. In many cases, the number and quality of witnesses, the variety of roles they played in the encounters, and the equipment used to track and record the craft favor the latter hypothesis that these are indeed technologically advanced craft. The observed flight characteristics of these craft are consistent with the flight characteristics required for interstellar travel, i.e., if these observed accelerations were sustainable in space, then these craft could easily reach relativistic speeds within a matter of minutes to hours and cover interstellar distances in a matter of days to weeks, proper time.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating Flight Characteristics of Anomalous Unidentified Aerial Vehicles

Knuth

Powell²,

Reali³

2019

Entropy

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“…Unfortunately, the attitude that the study of UAVs (UFOs) is "unscientific" pervades the scientific community, including SETI (Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence) [31], which is surprising, especially since efforts are underway to search for extraterrestrial artifacts in the solar system [32][33][34][35][36], in particular, on the Moon, Mars, asteroids [37], and at Earth-associated Lagrange points. Ironically, such attitudes inhibit scientific study, perpetuating a state of ignorance about these phenomena that has persisted for well over 70 years, and is now especially detrimental, since answers are presently needed [38][39][40][41][42][43].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating Flight Characteristics of Anomalous Unidentified Aerial Vehicles

Knuth¹,

Powell²,

Reali³

2019

Preprint

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A number of Unidentified Aerial Phenomena (UAP) encountered by military, commercial, and civilian aircraft have been reported to be structured craft that exhibit 'impossible' flight characteristics. We consider a handful of well-documented encounters, including the 2004 encounters with the Nimitz Carrier Group off the coast of California, and estimate lower bounds on the accelerations exhibited by the craft during the observed maneuvers. Estimated accelerations range from almost 100g to 1000s of g's with no observed air disturbance, no sonic booms, and no evidence of excessive heat commensurate with even the minimal estimated energies. In accordance with observations, the estimated parameters describing the behavior of these craft are both anomalous and surprising. The extreme estimated flight characteristics reveal that these observations are either fabricated or seriously in error, or that these craft exhibit technology far more advanced than any known craft on Earth. In many cases, the number and quality of witnesses, the variety of roles they played in the encounters, and the equipment used to track and record the craft favor the latter hypothesis that these are indeed technologically advanced craft. The observed flight characteristics of these craft are consistent with the flight characteristics required for interstellar travel. That is, if these observed accelerations were sustainable in space, then these craft could easily reach relativistic speeds within a matter of minutes to hours and cover interstellar distances in a matter of days to weeks, proper time.

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“…However, eye glasses or lenses, despite being removable implants, aim to cure a disease, not to advance our capabilities, and therefore are not indications of a self-upgrade. Some notions of the ideas proposed here can be found in the works of Kecskes (1998Kecskes ( , 2013, who considered a classification scheme adding the complexity of ETCs' transport, communication, and other resources to the energy resources. In another relevant work, Nunn et al (2014) considered the historic path of humanity and concluded that it may have reached the point of creating an environmental utopia that removes the stimuli for optimal health, but stops short of asking the question: what is the next step after that utopia?…”

Section: Qualitative Classification Of Etcsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A qualitative classification of extraterrestrial civilizations

Ivanov

Beamín

Cáceres

et al. 2020

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Context. Interest in searches for extraterrestrial civilizations (ETCs) has been boosted in recent decades by the discovery of thousands of exoplanets. Aims. We turn to the classification of ETCs for new considerations that may help to design better strategies for searching for ETCs. Methods. This study is based on analogies with our own biological, historical, technological, and scientific development. We took a basic taxonomic approach to ETCs and investigated the implications of the new classification on ETC evolution and observational patterns. Finally, we used the quantitative scheme of Kardashev and considered its implications on the searches for ETCs as a counter example to our qualitative classification. Results. We propose a classification based on the abilities of ETCs to modify and integrate with their environments: Class 0 uses the environment as it is, Class 1 modifies the environment to fit its needs, Class 2 modifies itself to fit the environment, and a Class 3 ETC is fully integrated with the environment. Combined with the classical Kardashev scale, our scheme forms a two-dimensional method for interpreting ETC properties. Conclusions. The new framework makes it obvious that the available energy is not a unique measure of ETC progress: it may not even correlate with how well that energy is used. The possibility for progress without increased energy consumption implies a lower detectability, so in principle the existence of a Kardashev Type III ETC in the Milky Way cannot be ruled out. This reasoning weakens the Fermi paradox, allowing for the existence of advanced, yet not energy hungry, low-detectability ETCs. The integration of ETCs with the environment will make it impossible to tell technosignatures and natural phenomena apart. Therefore, the most likely opportunity for SETI searches to find advanced ETCs is to look for beacons, specifically set up by them for young civilizations like ours (if they would want to do that remains a matter of speculation). The other SETI window of opportunity is to search for ETCs at technological level similar to ours. To rephrase the famous saying of Arthur Clarke, sufficiently advanced civilizations are indistinguishable from nature.

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Observation of Asteroids for Searching Extraterrestrial Artifacts

Cited by 7 publications

References 20 publications

Estimating Flight Characteristics of Anomalous Unidentified Aerial Vehicles

Estimating Flight Characteristics of Anomalous Unidentified Aerial Vehicles

Estimating Flight Characteristics of Anomalous Unidentified Aerial Vehicles

A qualitative classification of extraterrestrial civilizations

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