Observation of atmospheric CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and CO at
                        Shangri-La station: results from the only regional station located at
                        southwestern China

Fang, Shuangxi; Tans, Pieter P.; Steinbacher, Martin; Li-hua, Zhou; Luan, Tian; Zou, Li

doi:10.3402/tellusb.v68.28506

Cited by 20 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Moreover, the Mt Waliguan GAW station mainly reflected the pollution sources of Qinghai, Tibet, and Gansu [56,57]. e results of WPSCF show that the overseas potential source areas of CO 2 and CO in Shangri-La are mainly located in South Asia, such as Myanmar, Bangladesh, and northern India [105]. e WCWT analysis of atmospheric pollutants (i.e., SO 2 , CO, NO x , O 3 ) in the Lin'an area indicates that their major sources may be in the big cities around the observation sites, such as Hangzhou, Shanghai, and Nanjing [106].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Potential Source Regions and Transportation Pathways of Reactive Gases at a Regional Background Site in Northwestern China

Zhao

Jin

et al. 2021

Advances in Meteorology

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Reactive gases (O3, CO, NO2, and SO2) were collected hourly at the Akedala regional background station in northwestern China during September 2017 to August 2018. Wind rose, cluster analysis, potential source contribution function (PSCF), and concentration-weighted trajectory (CWT) methods were adopted for identifying the transport pathways and potential source regions of these atmosphere components at Akedala. The average O3, CO, NO2, and SO2 mixing ratios detected were 29.65 ± 11.44 ppb, 123.78 ± 73.35 ppb, 3.79 ± 0.98 ppb, and 4.59 ± 0.88 ppb during the observation period, and the statistical results of the monthly mean values revealed that there were differences during the highest pollution period, with O3 and CO mainly peaking in February, with mixing ratios of 38.03 ± 7.10 ppb and 208.50 ± 106.50 ppb, respectively. Meanwhile, NO2 peaked in March (4.51 ± 0.54 ppb) and SO2 in January (5.70 ± 1.92 ppb). The most obvious diurnal variation of CO and SO2 was observed in the winter, with maximum levels reaching between 13 : 00 and 14 : 00. The diurnal variations of O3 exhibited low values during the night and maximum values in the afternoon (16 : 00–18 : 00). Diurnal variation was not significant in the case of NO2. Cluster analysis showed that six main paths affected the Akedala atmosphere. In turn, the PSCF and CWT analysis results indicated that the Akedala reactive gas was affected by both local and foreign sources. The high PSCF value of the reactive gas potential source areas appeared in eastern Kazakhstan, northern Xinjiang, Western Mongolia, and Southern Russia. The WCWT (weighted concentration-weight trajectory) values of CO and SO2 in winter were the highest, totaling 180–240 ppb and 5–6.5 ppb, respectively. The WCWT value of O3 in the spring and summer was higher than that in the autumn and winter. The main source area of O3 was about 32–36 ppb in the spring and summer, and the main source area of NO2 in the summer had a low WCWT value of 3–3.5 ppb, whereas the NO2 WCWT value was concentrated at 4–4.5 ppb in the other seasons.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Potential Source Regions and Transportation Pathways of Reactive Gases at a Regional Background Site in Northwestern China

Zhao

Jin

et al. 2021

Advances in Meteorology

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“…For large values of , the calculated would be more statistically stable. Similar to previous studies (Fang et al, 2016;, the weight function factor in this investigation was defined as…”

Section: Instruments and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Background Characteristics of Atmospheric CO2 and the Potential Source Regions in the Pearl River Delta Region of China

et al. 2020

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Mole fractions of atmospheric CO 2 (XCO 2) have been continuously measured from October 2014 to March 2016 at the Guangzhou Panyu Atmospheric Composition Site (23.00°N, 113.21°E; 140 m MSL) in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region using a cavity ring-down spectrometer. Approximately 66.63%, 19.28%, and 14.09% of the observed values were filtered as background, pollutant source, and sink due to biospheric uptake, respectively, by applying a robust local regression procedure. Their corresponding mean values were 424.12 ± 10.12 ppm (×10 −6 mol mol −1), 447.83 ± 13.63 ppm, and 408.83 ± 7.75 ppm. The background XCO 2 levels were highest in spring and winter, moderate in autumn, and lowest in summer. The diurnal XCO 2 was at a minimum from 1400-1600 LST (Local Standard Time) and a maximum at 0500 LST the next day. The increase of XCO 2 in spring and summer was mainly associated with polluted air masses from south coastal Vietnam, the South China Sea, and the southeast Pearl River Estuary. With the exception of summer, airflow primarily from marine regions southeast of Taiwan that passed over the Pearl River Estuary had a greater impact on XCO 2 , suggesting an important potential source region.

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“…Xinglong station is built on a relatively high hill and CO 2 concentrations are likely due to large-scale advection (Fang et al 2016). We calculated the backward 72-h airflow trajectories arriving in the Xinglong area in all four seasons from May 2016 to December 2017 based on MeteoInfo software to analyze the long-distance transport contributing to CO 2 concentrations.…”

Section: Influence Of Long-distance Transportmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-situ measurement of CO₂ at the Xinglong regional background station over North China

Yang

Wang

et al. 2019

Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters

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High-accuracy continuous measurements of atmospheric concentrations of CO 2 were made from May 2016 to December 2017 using the Picarro G2301 analyzer at Xinglong station (40°24′N, 117°3 0′E, 940 MSL), 150 km northeast of Beijing. The near-ground CO 2 measurements were calibrated by standards based on WMO procedures. The regional background measurements were filtered by the robust extraction of baseline signal method to study the seasonal and diurnal cycles. The regional background CO 2 concentrations were low in summer. The maximum difference between the local sources and regional background CO 2 concentrations occurred in summer and autumn, indicating a strong influence from local sources. Cluster analysis and potential source contribution function analysis showed that the long-distance transport of anthropogenic emissions in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei metropolitan area influenced the CO 2 concentrations in Xinglong, especially in summer. The diurnal variation of CO 2 was mainly influenced by the various vertical transport conditions of the tropospheric atmosphere in a day.

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Observation of atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> and CO at Shangri-La station: results from the only regional station located at southwestern China

Cited by 20 publications

References 61 publications

Potential Source Regions and Transportation Pathways of Reactive Gases at a Regional Background Site in Northwestern China

Potential Source Regions and Transportation Pathways of Reactive Gases at a Regional Background Site in Northwestern China

Background Characteristics of Atmospheric CO2 and the Potential Source Regions in the Pearl River Delta Region of China

In-situ measurement of CO₂ at the Xinglong regional background station over North China

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Observation of atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub> and CO at Shangri-La station: results from the only regional station located at southwestern China

Cited by 20 publications

References 61 publications

Potential Source Regions and Transportation Pathways of Reactive Gases at a Regional Background Site in Northwestern China

Potential Source Regions and Transportation Pathways of Reactive Gases at a Regional Background Site in Northwestern China

Background Characteristics of Atmospheric CO2 and the Potential Source Regions in the Pearl River Delta Region of China

In-situ measurement of CO2 at the Xinglong regional background station over North China

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In-situ measurement of CO₂ at the Xinglong regional background station over North China