Observation of Charged Excitons in Hole-Doped Carbon Nanotubes Using Photoluminescence and Absorption Spectroscopy

Matsunaga, Ryusuke; Matsuda, Kazunari; Kanemitsu, Yoshihiko

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.106.037404

Cited by 198 publications

(325 citation statements)

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“…The positive trion consists of two holes and one electron and has been reported for SWNTs, with hole doping inducing a trion at a specific deep level below E 11 in that case. 17 However, here we have many levels, so they cannot be assigned to the trion, or at least they would have to represent various states of charged excitons. Finally, defect states are blamed by others for deep levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photoinduced Band Gap Shift and Deep Levels in Luminescent Carbon Nanotubes

Finnie

Jacques

2012

ACS Nano

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Individual air-suspended single-walled carbon nanotubes are imaged both spatially and spectrally in photoluminescence. At low excitation power, photoluminescence is bright and stable with high quantum efficiency; however, higher power initially causes a gradual red shift and then more severe changes. Blinking, the loss of quantum efficiency, and the appearance of new deep levels are all seen and can be explained by the introduction of defects. We propose that optical excitation induces molecular deposition onto the nanotube by optically induced van der Waals interactions, leading to physisorption and ultimately chemisorption which severely degrades the luminescence.KEYWORDS: single-walled carbon nanotube . photoluminescence . exciton . quantum efficiency . band gap shift . van der Waals interaction ARTICLE FINNIE AND LEFEBVRE

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photoinduced Band Gap Shift and Deep Levels in Luminescent Carbon Nanotubes

Finnie

Jacques

2012

ACS Nano

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“…Instead, we assume, that the new peaks correspond to trion levels in carbon nanotubes doped by HCl in suspension. [5,12] Trion is a quasi-particle consisting of two holes and one electron. Introduction of acceptors into nanotubes leads to p-type doping, and to excess of holes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although used excitation wavelength (633 nm) is not resonant neither for (6,5) or (6,4) nanotubes and obtained results mainly correspond to SWNTs with other chiralities, some important features should be taken into account.…”

Section: Raman Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The brightest peak with the resonance wavelength of excitation λ excit ¼ 570 nm and the emission wavelength λ emis ¼ 985 nm corresponds to the main excitonic peak associated with (6,5) nanotubes. [6] The dim peak with λ excit ¼ 570 nm and λ emis ¼ 1110 nm is a phonon side-band associated with (6,5) nanotubes. [7] The peak with λ excit ¼ 585 nm and λ emis ¼ 875 nm corresponds to (6,4) nanotubes.…”

Section: Pl Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[4] However, doping can also be performed by adding of dopants to the suspension of individual nanotubes. [5] In this work, we studied the SWNTs doped in aqueous suspensions with Raman spectroscopy, optical absorption spectroscopy, and PL spectroscopy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optical Properties of Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes Doped in Acid Medium

Eremin

Obraztsova

2017

Physica Status Solidi (b)

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We report a detailed study of changes in optical properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes caused by doping in acid medium and their comparison with those induced by other doping techniques. In this work, a hydrochloric acid was added to the aqueous suspension of nanotubes wrapped with sodium cholate. Additionally to the shift and suppression of several modes in the Raman spectrum and the suppression of the first optical transition in the optical absorption spectrum, we have observed an appearance of a trion band in the photoluminescence spectrum with the energy about 0.2 eV less than the main photoluminescence band.

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Experimental Evidence of Anisotropic and Stable Charged Excitons (Trions) in Atomically Thin 2D ReS₂

Wang

Shinokita

Miyauchi

et al. 2019

Adv Funct Materials

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Experimentally observed, stable trions with large binding energy (≈25 meV) in atomically thin monolayer 2D transition metal dichalcogenides MX 2 (M = Mo, W, X = S, Se, and Te) with an isotropic crystal structure have been extensively studied. In contrast, the characteristics of trions in atomically thin 2D materials with an anisotropic crystal structure are not completely understood. Low-temperature photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy in few-layer ReS 2 with an anisotropic crystal structure by applying a gate voltage is described. A new PL peak that emerges below the lower-energy side of neutral excitons obtained by tuning the gate voltages is attributed to emission from negative trions. Furthermore, the trion binding energy that is strongly dependent on the layer thickness reaches a large value of ≈60 meV in 1L-ReS 2 , which is ≈2 times larger than that in other isotropic 2D materials (MX 2 ). The enhancement of the binding energy reflects the quasi-1D nature of the trions in anisotropic atomically thin ReS 2 . These experimental observations will promote a better understanding of the optical response and applications in new categories of the anisotropic atomically thin 2D materials with a quasi-1D nature.crystal structures, such as GeX (X = S, Se), [13][14][15][16] SnX (X = S, Se), [14,15,[17][18][19][20][21] have been extensively studied as a new research direction for 2D materials. Such atomically thin 2D materials exhibit the anisotropic carrier transport and optical properties owing to the anisotropic electronic structures, which provide the novel characteristics of linear dichroism, [11,22] valley selective excitation by linearly polarized light, [23] and polarization-sensitive photodetectors from the viewpoints of optical physics [24,25] and device applications. [26][27][28] Contrary to the isotropic structure MX 2 , ReS 2 is a layered material with a reduced symmetry because of the weak interlayer coupling from the distorted 1T structure, [29] which imparts highly anisotropic optical absorption and photoluminescence (PL). [30][31][32] A field-effect transistor (FET) with highly anisotropic carrier transport and polarization-sensitive photodetectors is also demonstrated in ReS 2 . [33][34][35][36][37] More-

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Observation of Charged Excitons in Hole-Doped Carbon Nanotubes Using Photoluminescence and Absorption Spectroscopy

Cited by 198 publications

References 34 publications

Photoinduced Band Gap Shift and Deep Levels in Luminescent Carbon Nanotubes

Photoinduced Band Gap Shift and Deep Levels in Luminescent Carbon Nanotubes

Optical Properties of Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes Doped in Acid Medium

Experimental Evidence of Anisotropic and Stable Charged Excitons (Trions) in Atomically Thin 2D ReS₂

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Observation of Charged Excitons in Hole-Doped Carbon Nanotubes Using Photoluminescence and Absorption Spectroscopy

Cited by 198 publications

References 34 publications

Photoinduced Band Gap Shift and Deep Levels in Luminescent Carbon Nanotubes

Photoinduced Band Gap Shift and Deep Levels in Luminescent Carbon Nanotubes

Optical Properties of Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes Doped in Acid Medium

Experimental Evidence of Anisotropic and Stable Charged Excitons (Trions) in Atomically Thin 2D ReS2

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Product

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Experimental Evidence of Anisotropic and Stable Charged Excitons (Trions) in Atomically Thin 2D ReS₂