Observation of Electron Standing Waves in a Crystalline Box

Jaklevic, R. C.; Lambe, John; Mikkor, M.; Vassell, W. C.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.26.88

Cited by 125 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The first observation of quantum well states was reported in Ref. [154] where measurements of the tunneling current from a thin metal film through an insulating oxide layer had been presented. Later QWS have been found in ultrathin metal films grown on metal substrates.…”

Section: Overlayer and Quantum Well Statesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decay of electronic excitations at metal surfaces

Echenique

Berndt

Chulkov

et al. 2004

Surface Science Reports

438

403

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Section: Overlayer and Quantum Well Statesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decay of electronic excitations at metal surfaces

Echenique

Berndt

Chulkov

et al. 2004

Surface Science Reports

438

403

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“…Experimental studies of quantum size phenomena in thin metal films date back to the 1970's when Jaklevic and Lambe first observed the QSE by means of tunneling experiments in metal-oxide-metal junctions. 1 Subsequent studies, most of these performed on Pb, have highlighted the importance of the QSE for the electronic properties and growth mode of the film. [2][3][4][5] In particular, the interplay between the QSE and morphological evolution of the films received considerable attention following the discovery of a "magic thickness" and preferred island heights in ultrathin metal films grown at moderately low temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface relaxations in quantum-confined Pb

et al. 2005

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The relationship between electronic and atomic structure of quantum confined objects is a key issue in nanoscience. We performed low-energy electron diffraction to determine the surface relaxations of ultrathin Pb films on Si͑111͒7 ϫ 7 with thicknesses ranging from four to nine atomic layers. The results indicate a contraction of the first interlayer spacing d 12 for all films. The d 12 contraction exhibits a small bilayer modulation as a function of thickness, indicative of a quantum size effect. The oscillatory relaxations furthermore suggest an interesting correlation with the work function oscillations predicted from density functional theory ͓Wei and Chou, Phys. Rev. B 66, 233408 ͑2002͔͒ and can be understood qualitatively on the basis of the jellium model.

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“…From Fig. 4.9b it can be inferred that the films are stable at 3,6,8,10,12,15,17,19, and 21 layers. This agrees almost perfectly with a recent experiment of Pb film growth on the Ge(111) substrate [8].…”

Section: First-principles Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Jaklevic and Lambe first observed the QSE by means of tunneling experiments in metal-oxide-metal junctions [17]. Schulte carried out self-consistent studies of thin films and showed that the work function oscillates with the thickness of the films [18].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum Size Effects in the Growth and Properties of Ultrathin Metal Films, Alloys, and Related Low-Dimensional Structures

Jia

Özer

Weitering

et al. 2010

Nanophenomena at Surfaces

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This chapter addresses the quantum mechanical nature of the formation, stability, and properties of ultrathin metal films, metallic alloys, and related lowdimensional structures, with Pb as a primary elemental example. The emphasis is on the contribution to the overall energetics from the electronic degrees of freedom of the low-dimensional systems. As a metal film reduces its thickness, the competition between quantum confinement, charge spilling, and Friedel oscillations, all of electronic origin, can dictate whether an atomically smooth film is marginally, critically, or magically stable or unstable against roughening during the growth of such metal films. The "electronic growth" mode as emphasized here serves as an intriguing addition to the three well-established classic modes of crystal growth. In exploring electronic growth, Pb(111) films represent a particularly compelling example, not only because their stability exhibits unusually strong quantum oscillations but also because their physical and chemical properties can be tuned with great precision by controlling the film thickness or the chemical composition. Recent advances and the perpectives in this active area of film growth will be reviewed, with results from both theoretical and experimental studies. Historical ReviewLow-dimensional materials have been an important platform for the discovery of novel quantum phenomena, such as the quantized conductance and quantum Hall effects in semiconductor heterostructures [1] and giant magneto-resistance in metallic magnetic superlattices [2]. In these examples, fabrication of the low-dimensional medium was accomplished via classical thin film growth; yet the emerging properties are clearly quantum mechanical in nature. More recently, it has been shown that the size quantization of itinerant electrons in an ultrathin metal film also plays a decisive role in the early formation stages and kinetic stability of the films [3][4][5][6][7][8][9].

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Observation of Electron Standing Waves in a Crystalline Box

Cited by 125 publications

References 5 publications

Decay of electronic excitations at metal surfaces

Decay of electronic excitations at metal surfaces

Surface relaxations in quantum-confined Pb

Quantum Size Effects in the Growth and Properties of Ultrathin Metal Films, Alloys, and Related Low-Dimensional Structures

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