Observation of high-order Stokes and anti-Stokes χ⁽³⁾-generation in highly transparent laser-host Lu₂O₃ceramics

Abstract

Efficient room-temperature steady-state high-order stimulated Raman scattering under picosecond laser pumping in ceramics based on cubic Lu2O3 oxide was discovered. All registered Stokes and anti-Stokes generation components were identified and attributed to the χ (3) -promoting vibration mode ωSRS ≈392 cm −1 of this novel crystalline laser-host material.

Phase transformations inLn2O3materials irradiated with swift heavy ions

“…Few studies have investigated the behavior of lanthanide sesquioxides, Ln 2 O 3 , under these extreme energy deposition conditions. These compounds find use in diverse applications, as high-κ dielectrics 24,25 , nanoparticles for biomedical imaging 26 , materials for high-power and ultrafast lasers 27,28 , neutron absorbers in nuclear fuels 29 , and scintillators for the detection of ionizing radiation 30,31 . Under ambient conditions, most lanthanide sesquioxides adopt a cubic (Ia-3) structure characteristic of the mineral bixbyite, (Fe,Mn) 2 O 3 , and known within the Ln 2 O 3 4 phase systematics as the C-type phase.…”

Transparent Ceramics

“…The citrate gel method involves the dissolving of solution of various nitrates in citric acid [257,262,[281][282][283][284][285][286][287][288][289]. Through controlling the pH values, no precipitate is in the solutions.…”

“…Among these methods, CR and SSR have been the most widely used ones, because CR is very cost effective while SSR is extremely simple. However, CR method has too many influencing factors, making it difficult to synthesize pure AlON powders without residual AlN or Al 2 O 3 [282]. SSR method requires high purity and fine AlN powders to ensure high sinterability.…”

“…For instance, 104 W high-power 532 nm green radiation has been created by frequency doubling of Q-switched composite Nd:YAG ceramics [279], while lasing effects at wavelengths determined by the third-order susceptibility χ (3) have been observed in various ceramics, including YAG, (YGd 2 )(Sc 2 Al 2 Ga)O 12 , and cubic sesquioxide [280][281][282][283]. For example, by using CW diode laser stacked arrays, side-pumping Q-switched composite ceramic Nd:YAG rod laser based on a type II KTP crystal intracavity frequency-doubling, a high-power high-stability green laser has been demonstrated [279].…”

Mechanical and optical properties of Lu2O3 host-ceramics for Ln3+ lasants

“…e) In [2] femtosecond pulses were achieved by KLM method and in [11] by use of a semiconductor saturable absorber mirror (SESAM). f ) ω SRS : the energy of SRS-promoting vibration mode [8,14,15]. g) The first Stokes steady-state Raman gain coefficient was estimated under excitation by picosecond pulses of Nd 3+ :Y3Al5O12 one-micron laser ( [16].…”