Observation of ionospheric disturbances induced by the 2011 Tohoku tsunami using far-field GPS data in Hawaii

Tang, Long; Zhang, Xiaohong; Li, Zhe

doi:10.1186/s40623-015-0240-0

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Ionospheric effects of this earthquake are investigated in a huge amount of papers (see for example , Liu et al (2011), Nishitani et al (2011)]). Recently, more attention is paid to modeling of these effects [Kherani et al (2012), Kakinami et al (2013), ] and to the study of the propagation of the disturbances at large distances [Jin et al (2014), Berngardt et al (2015), Tang et al (2015)].…”

Section: Gps-observations Of Igws Near the Earthquake Epicentermentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertical midscale ionospheric disturbances caused by surface seismic waves based on Irkutsk chirp ionosonde data in 2011–2016

et al. 2017

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Based on the Irkutsk fast monostatic chirp ionosonde data, we made a statistical analysis of ionospheric effects for 28 earthquakes which appeared in 2011–2016 years. These effects are related with surface (Rayleigh) seismic waves far from epicenter. The analysis has shown that nine of these earthquakes were accompanied by vertical midscale ionospheric irregularities (multicusp). To estimate the ionospheric efficiency of the seismic waves, we proposed new index KW. The index estimates the maximal amplitude of the acoustic shock wave generated by given spatial distribution of seismic vibrations and related with maximal spectral power of seismic oscillations. Based on the analysis of experimental data, we have shown that earthquake‐related multicusp (5–25 s irregularities) is observed mostly at daytime [07:00–17:00] LST for KW≥4.7. The observations of acoustic waves by GPS technique in the epicenter vicinity (120–600 s irregularities) do not show such a daytime dependence. Based on 24 May 2013 Okhotsk Sea earthquake example, we demonstrated that deep‐focus earthquakes can produce strong multicusp far from the epicenter, although do not produce significant GPS ionospheric response in the epicenter vicinity.

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Section: Gps-observations Of Igws Near the Earthquake Epicentermentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertical midscale ionospheric disturbances caused by surface seismic waves based on Irkutsk chirp ionosonde data in 2011–2016

et al. 2017

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“…(2) The TEC perturbations travel at a similar speed and direction with the tsunamis (Galvan et al, ; Rolland et al, ; Zhang & Tang, ). The speed of most tsunami‐induced TEC perturbations is between 200 and 300 m/s (Galvan et al, ; Tang et al, ). Figure displays the GPS‐derived slant TEC perturbations at Hawaii when the 27 February 2010 Chile tsunami arrived.…”

Section: Summary Of Major Observational Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upper Atmospheric Responses to Surface Disturbances: An Observational Perspective

et al. 2019

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We review observations on the coupling between Earth's surface disturbances and the upper atmosphere. In particular, we focus on the upper atmospheric responses to atmospheric acousticgravity waves generated during impulsive surface disturbance events including earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, and explosions. We review the theoretical background for the generation and propagation of atmospheric acoustic-gravity waves from surface disturbance events as well as of the ionospheric plasma response to such acoustic-gravity waves. We review a variety of observational techniques that have been successfully utilized to detect upper atmospheric perturbations induced by surface disturbances and summarize the state-of-the-art knowledge on the coupling processes learnt from these observations. Finally, we touch on some most recent advances in the field and propose directions for future research.Plain Language Summary Earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, and chemical and nuclear explosions on or under the ground create sudden and violent motions of the ground or ocean surface. While ground shakings during some massive earthquakes can be felt by people who live thousands of kilometers away from the epicenters, the shakings can also be detected from the atmosphere hundreds of kilometers above the ground (upper atmosphere). Similarly, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, and explosions can have footprints in the upper atmosphere as well. These footprints have been successfully detected by a variety of observational techniques. This paper reviews the observational results and the current understanding of the physical mechanisms behind the coupling between the ground/ocean and the upper atmosphere. In addition, future research directions are proposed in order to address the open questions.

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“…A single-layer model in Schaer [28] with a height of 350 km was used to compute the ionospheric pierce point position. We employed the second-order center difference method to eliminate the background trend in the TEC series and extracted the ionospheric disturbance series [29].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical Observation of Thunderstorm-Induced Ionospheric Gravity Waves above Low-Latitude Areas in the Northern Hemisphere

Tang

Chen

et al. 2019

Remote Sensing

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Gravity waves (GWs) generated in the lower atmosphere can propagate upwards to ionospheric height. In this study, we investigated the correlation between ionospheric GWs detected by Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)-derived total electron content data and thunderstorm events recorded by a local lightning-detection network in the low-latitude region of Southern China during a four-year period, from 2014 to 2017. Ionospheric GWs were detected on both thunderstorm and non-thunderstorm days. Daytime ionospheric GW activity on high-thunderstorm days showed a similar convex-function-like diurnal variation to thunderstorm activity, which is different to the concave-function-like pattern on non-thunderstorm days. Daytime ionospheric GW activity on low-thunderstorm days showed an approximately linear rising trend and was of a larger magnitude than that of high-thunderstorm days, suggesting it may be mixed by non-thunderstorm origins. Night-time enhancement of ionospheric GW activity was observed on thunderstorm days but not on non-thunderstorm days. Furthermore, ionospheric GW activity on thunderstorm days showed a positive correlation to solar activity. These findings can effectively distinguish thunderstorm-related ionospheric GWs from those of non-thunderstorm origins and provide more comprehensive knowledge of thunderstorm-ionosphere coupling in low-latitude areas.

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Observation of ionospheric disturbances induced by the 2011 Tohoku tsunami using far-field GPS data in Hawaii

Cited by 12 publications

References 20 publications

Vertical midscale ionospheric disturbances caused by surface seismic waves based on Irkutsk chirp ionosonde data in 2011–2016

Vertical midscale ionospheric disturbances caused by surface seismic waves based on Irkutsk chirp ionosonde data in 2011–2016

Upper Atmospheric Responses to Surface Disturbances: An Observational Perspective

Statistical Observation of Thunderstorm-Induced Ionospheric Gravity Waves above Low-Latitude Areas in the Northern Hemisphere

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