Observation of line radiation from highly charged Mo ions in a vacuum-spark plasma

Beier, R; Kunze, H.‐J.

doi:10.1007/bf01813233

Cited by 57 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…A phenomenon called radiative collapse leads to the formation of high density plasma hot spots that emit x-rays characteristic of highly charged ions, e.g. helium-like Fe XXIV [119], molybdenum Mo XL [120], or magnesium Mg X [121]. Such phenomena are very different from vacuum arcs.…”

Section: Vacuum Arc and Vacuum Sparksmentioning

confidence: 99%

The evolution of ion charge states in cathodic vacuum arc plasmas: a review

Anders¹

2012

Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTMany of the here-collected results are based on ideas and contributions by close friends and colleagues. Running the risk of offending those not mentioned, I gratefully acknowledge the input over the years from just a few: B. Jüttner, E. Hantzsche, P. Siemroth, T. Schülke, I. Brown, E. Oks and G. Yushkov. This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. DISCLAIMERThis document was prepared as an account of work sponsored by the United States Government. While this document is believed to contain correct information, neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor The Regents of the University of California, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by its trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof, or The Regents of the University of California. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof or The Regents of the University of California. 2The evolution of ion charge states in cathodic vacuum arc plasmas: a review André AndersLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, MS 53, Berkeley, California 94720, USA Email: aanders@lbl.gov AbstractCathodic vacuum arc plasmas are known to contain multiply charged ions. 20 years after "Pressure Ionization: its role in metal vapour vacuum arc plasmas and ion sources" appeared in vol. 1 of Plasma Sources Science and Technology, it is a great opportunity to re-visit the issue of pressure ionization, a non-ideal plasma effect, and put it in perspective to the many other factors that influence observable charge state distributions, such as the role of the cathode material, the path in the density-temperature phase diagram, the "noise" in vacuum arc plasma as described by a fractal model approach, the effects of external magnetic fields and charge exchange collisions with neutrals. A much more complex image of the vacuum arc plasma emerges putting decades of experimentation and modeling in perspective.

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Section: Vacuum Arc and Vacuum Sparksmentioning

confidence: 99%

The evolution of ion charge states in cathodic vacuum arc plasmas: a review

Anders¹

2012

Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.

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“…In the study of He-and Li-like Mo by Beier and Kunze [14], an ingenious technique of noise suppression by analyzing correlations of intensities recorded in several spectrograms was used. The uncertainties of the reported wavelengths were specified as ±0.0002 Å. Beier and Kunze stated that theoretical wavelengths they used to identify the observed lines are accurate to ±0.0005 Å.…”

Section: Collection and Evaluation Of Experimental Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Assignments of the t, q, and U satellite transitions have been added to the multiple classifications of the lines at 0.6885 Å, 0.6893 Å, and 0.6912 Å, respectively. The precise positions of the lines depicted in Figure 4 of Beier and Kunze [14] were determined by digitizing this figure and establishing a quadratic dispersion correction by using the He-like w, x, y, and z as reference standards. The resulting wavelengths were found to be accurate to better than 0.00010 Å (statistical uncertainty), while the systematic uncertainty due to the limited precision of calibration varied between 0.00003 Å and 0.00010 Å.…”

Section: Collection and Evaluation Of Experimental Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

A Critical Compilation of Experimental Data on the 1s2$l$2$l^{\prime}$ Core-Excited States of Li-like Ions from Carbon to Uranium

Azarov¹,

Kramida²,

Ralchenko³

2022

Preprint

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Recent advance in calculations of energy levels of the 1s2l2l ′ core-excited states for ions along the Li isoelectronic sequence from carbon to uranium suggested that theoretical predictions for the 1s 2 2l-1s2l2l ′ transitions are significantly more precise than most of the experimental results available today and can thus be used for calibrating measured X-ray spectra. This suggestion is verified in the present work by comparison with benchmark experimental results. We present a critical compilation of all available experimental data on the energy levels of the 1s2l2l ′ core-excited states of Li-like ions. The compiled experimental data include uncertainty estimates, which allowed proper weighted averaging and comparison with theoretical calculations. This comparison confirmed the supremacy of the most advanced theoretical calculations of the 1s2l2l ′ levels over the best experimental results available today.

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“…Figure 5 shows a semi-Moseley-plot of the range of charge states observed in various plasma sources. The K-shell spectra of Mo has been recorded in a vacuum spark plasma by Beier & Kunze (1978), while He-like Fexxv has been studied in the P.L.T. tokamak by Bitter al.…”

Section: H Ighly Charged Ions In M Ulti-kiloelectronvolt Plasmasmentioning

confidence: 99%