Observation of Photon Droplets and Their Dynamics

Wilson, Kali; Westerberg, Niclas; Valiente, Manuel; Duncan, Callum W.; Wright, E. M.; Öhberg, Patrik; Faccio, Daniele

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.121.133903

Cited by 22 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(52 reference statements)

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“…Soliton molecules have been studied in various guises within the context of ultracold matter, for example the realization of degeneracy with atomic species possessing significant dipole-dipole interactions has led to the prediction of novel molecular states in these systems [71][72][73]. Related to this are the realisation of 'droplets' of both dipolar matter [74][75][76] and intriguingly, also light with a non-trivial angular momentum structure [77], as well as the prediction of soliton molecules in systems with nonlocal interactions [78].…”

Section: Soliton Molecules 41 Soliton Trimersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coherent impurity transport in an attractive binary Bose–Einstein condensate

2019

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We study the dynamics of a soliton-impurity system modeled in terms of a binary Bose-Einstein condensate. This is achieved by 'switching off' one of the two self-interaction scattering lengths, giving a two component system where the second component is trapped entirely by the presence of the first component. It is shown that this system possesses rich dynamics, including the identification of unusual 'weak' dimers that appear close to the zero inter-component scattering length. It is further found that this system supports quasi-stable trimers in regimes where the equivalent single-component gas does not, which is attributed to the presence of the impurity atoms which can dynamically tunnel between the solitons, and maintain the required phase differences that support the trimer state. that the single component focussing nonlinear Schrödinger equation can possess chaotic solutions in the presence of an axial harmonic potential [29,30], as well as the observed interaction induced frequency shift of pairs of trapped bright solitons [31] in the experiment of [13]. Complementary to this, theoretical work has focussed on solitary waves in higher spin systems, revealing the existance of integrable points in the full parameter space of the spin-1 condensate, in the form of so-called 'polar' bright solitons [32,33]. Although solitons are usually studied as the solutions to one-dimensional nonlinear models, there have also been predictions of stable two-dimensional solitary wave solutions in dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates [34,35], where the additional nonlocal nonlinearity provides the stabilizing mechanism for these solitons. Very recently the Jones-Roberts soliton was realized experimentally, a true two-dimensional solitary wave structure [36].The realization of artificial electromagnetism with cold gases, and in particular spin-orbit coupling for Bose-Einstein condensates opens a novel route towards studying nonlinear wave structures. Here, the coupling of the condensates momentum to a quasi-spin leads to stripe-like soliton phases, related to the underlying immiscible phase of these systems [37,38]. Spin-orbit coupling forms a key ingredient in simulating more exotic scenarios, such as Dirac-like equations, where confined solutions have been predicted [39] that resemble their bright soliton cousins in single component condensates.Atomic condensates benefit from being exceptionally pure systems-this in turn allows one to investigate the effects of disorder and defects with an unprecedented level of control. The presence of impurities in ensembles of ultracold matter has led to predictions of impurity-molecules and lattices at the mean-field level [40], as well as the role of many-body correlations for a single impurity out-of-equilibrium [41]. Experimental work has studied the role that spin impurities have in the strongly correlated Tonks-Girardeau limit [42] and also magnetic spin models [43], which have also been the focus of subsequent theoretical investigations [44][45][46]. Complementary to this, recent exper...

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Section: Soliton Molecules 41 Soliton Trimersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coherent impurity transport in an attractive binary Bose–Einstein condensate

2019

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“…Dipolar condensates constitute weakly correlated systems, and can exhibit properties and behaviour similar to that of a liquid in the beyondmean-field limit [18][19][20][21][22]. Droplet states have also been realized in condensate mixtures [23] -supported by a balance between attractive s-wave interactions between the atoms and quantum fluctuations -and photonic systems [24] -here the nonlinear medium provides a repulsive d-wave contribution that stabilizes the light beam.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum droplets of quasi-one-dimensional dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates

Edmonds,

Bland,

Parker

2020

Preprint

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Ultracold dipolar droplets have been realized in a series of ground-breaking experiments, where the stability of the droplet state is attributed to beyond-mean-field effects in the form of the celebrated Lee-Huang-Yang (LHY) correction. We scrutinize the dipolar droplet states in a one-dimensional context using a combination of analytical and numerical approaches. In particular we identify regimes of stability in the restricted geometry, finding multiple roton instabilities as well as regions supporting one-dimensional droplet states. By applying an interaction quench to the droplet, a modulational instability is induced and multiple droplets are produced, along with bright solitons and atomic radiation. We also assess the droplets robustness to collisions, revealing population transfer and droplet fission.

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“…Fluids of light in the paraxial configuration have emerged as an original approach to study degenerate Bose gases [1]. Several important results have recently established this platform as a potential analogue quantum simulator, including the demonstrations of superfluidity of light [2][3][4], the observation of the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition [5], shockwaves [6][7][8] and precondensation [9], the evidence of photon droplets [10], and the creation of analogue rotating black hole geometries [11,12]. Paraxial fluids of light rely on the direct mathematical analogy that can be drawn between the Gross-Pitaevskii equation describing the mean field evolution of a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) and the nonlinear Schrödinger equation describing the propagation of light within a χ ð3Þ nonlinear medium [1,13,14].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of the Static Structure Factor in a Paraxial Fluid of Light Using Bragg-like Spectroscopy

et al. 2021

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We implement Bragg-like spectroscopy in a paraxial fluid of light by imprinting analogues of short Bragg pulses on the photon fluid using wavefront shaping with a spatial light modulator. We report a measurement of the static structure factor, SðkÞ, and we find a quantitative agreement with the prediction of the Feynman relation revealing indirectly the presence of pair-correlated particles in the fluid. Finally, we improve the resolution over previous methods and obtain the dispersion relation including a linear phononic regime for weakly interacting photons and low sound velocity.

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Observation of Photon Droplets and Their Dynamics

Cited by 22 publications

References 37 publications

Coherent impurity transport in an attractive binary Bose–Einstein condensate

Coherent impurity transport in an attractive binary Bose–Einstein condensate

Quantum droplets of quasi-one-dimensional dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates

Measurement of the Static Structure Factor in a Paraxial Fluid of Light Using Bragg-like Spectroscopy

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