Observation of quantum-measurement backaction with an ultracold atomic gas

Murch, Kater; Moore, Kevin L.; Gupta, Subhadeep; Stamper-Kurn, Dan

doi:10.1038/nphys965

Cited by 448 publications

(535 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In the case where the backaction is small, we can indeed use the BEC to make ultraprecise measurements of the membrane and, when it is large, it may provide a means to observe the effects of a quantum measurement on a macroscopic object. So far such a quantum effect has only been observed in dilute and isolated systems such as ultracold gases [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum-measurement backaction from a Bose-Einstein condensate coupled to a mechanical oscillator

et al. 2011

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We study theoretically the dynamics of a hybrid optomechanical system consisting of a macroscopic mechanical membrane magnetically coupled to a spinor Bose-Einstein condensate via a nanomagnet attached at the membrane center. We demonstrate that this coupling permits us to monitor indirectly the center-of-mass position of the membrane via measurements of the spin of the condensed atoms. These measurements normally induce a significant backaction on the membrane motion, which we quantify for the cases of thermal and coherent initial states of the membrane. We discuss the possibility of measuring this quantum backaction via repeated measurements. We also investigate the potential to generate nonclassical states of the membrane, in particular Schrödinger-cat states, via such repeated measurements.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum-measurement backaction from a Bose-Einstein condensate coupled to a mechanical oscillator

et al. 2011

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“…Merging optomechanics with cold atomic systems [64], for instance, Bose-Einstein condensates [65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76] and degenerate cold atom Fermi gases [77] leads to hybrid optomechanical systems. Transition from Mott insulator state to superfluidity of atoms [78] in an optical lattice coupled to a vibrating mirror has been analyzed, as an example of a strongly interacting quantum system subject to the optomechanical interaction [79].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of Fano resonances and slow light using Bose-Einstein condensates in a nanocavity

et al. 2017

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In this study, a standing wave in an optical nanocavity with Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) constitutes a one-dimensional optical lattice potential in the presence of a finite two bodies atomic interaction. We report that the interaction of a BEC with a standing field in an optical cavity coherently evolves to exhibit Fano resonances in the output field at the probe frequency. The behaviour of the reported resonance shows an excellent compatibility with the original formulation of asymmetric resonance as discovered by Fano [U. Fano, Phys. Rev. 124, 1866(1961]. Based on our analytical and numerical results, we find that the Fano resonances and subsequently electromagnetically induced transparency of the probe pulse can be controlled through the intensity of the cavity standing wave field and the strength of the atom-atom interaction in the BEC. In addition, enhancement of the slow light effect by the strength of the atom-atom interaction and its robustness against the condensate fluctuations are realizable using presently available technology.

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“…Introduction.-Various types of optical potentials have been used to change the dynamics of mechanical systems, including atoms, thin membranes and suspended mirrors in order to, e.g. observe signatures of shot-noise radiation-pressure fluctuations [1], enhance the quality factor of the system [2], and improve the sensitivity of gravitational-wave detectors [3][4][5][6]. Since an optical potential works as an ideal spring for the trapped mode in terms of energy dissipation, it can reduce the number of quanta in the mode (the so-called "optical dilution" effect) so that even a low-frequency massive oscillator will exhibit quantum behavior [7].…”

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confidence: 99%

Direct measurement of optical-trap-induced decoherence

et al. 2016

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Thermal decoherence is a major obstacle to the realization of quantum coherence for massive mechanical oscillators. Although optical trapping has been used to reduce the thermal decoherence rate for such oscillators, it also increases the rate by subjecting the oscillator to stochastic forces resulting from the frequency fluctuations of the optical field, thereby setting a fundamental limit on the reduction. This is analogous to the noise penalty in an active feedback system. Here, we directly measure the rethermalizaton process for an initially cooled and optically trapped suspended mirror, and identify the current limiting decoherence rate as due to the optical trap. Our experimental study of the trap-induced decoherence rate will enable future advances in the probing of fundamental quantum mechanics in the bad cavity regime, such as testing of deformed commutators. Introduction.-Various types of optical potentials have been used to change the dynamics of mechanical systems, including atoms, thin membranes and suspended mirrors in order to, e.g. observe signatures of shot-noise radiation-pressure fluctuations [1], enhance the quality factor of the system [2], and improve the sensitivity of gravitational-wave detectors [3][4][5][6]. Since an optical potential works as an ideal spring for the trapped mode in terms of energy dissipation, it can reduce the number of quanta in the mode (the so-called "optical dilution" effect) so that even a low-frequency massive oscillator will exhibit quantum behavior [7]. Progress towards this quantum regime is underway [2,[8][9][10] in the field of cavity optomechanics [11] particularly in the bad cavity regime, where the optical linewidth is broader than that of the mechanical resonance. Although the bad cavity condition is often not promising in terms of coherence because of the slow mechanical oscillation, it enables us to detect gravitational-waves [12], and potentially to probe deformed commutators [13,14], generate entangled states [15][16][17], and test wavefunction collapse models [18][19][20][21][22].

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Observation of quantum-measurement backaction with an ultracold atomic gas

Cited by 448 publications

References 40 publications

Quantum-measurement backaction from a Bose-Einstein condensate coupled to a mechanical oscillator

Quantum-measurement backaction from a Bose-Einstein condensate coupled to a mechanical oscillator

Control of Fano resonances and slow light using Bose-Einstein condensates in a nanocavity

Direct measurement of optical-trap-induced decoherence

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