Observation of selection rules for circularly polarized fields in high-harmonic generation from a crystalline solid

Saito, Nariyuki; Xia, Peiyu; Lu, Fang; Kanai, Teruto; Itatani, Jiro; Ishii, Nobuhisa

doi:10.1364/optica.4.001333

Cited by 95 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…2(a)) with alternating helicities (not shown here), as determined by using a QWP and measuring the linear polarization angle. This is consistent with the selection rules for cubic crystals [8,9,11,12]. In a trigonal crystal like quartz, we observe circular HH4 and HH5 with alternating helicites, and a strong intensity suppression of HH3 going from linear to circular driver, which is also compatible with the selection rules.…”

supporting

confidence: 89%

“…1 |ε HH | of HH5, HH7, and HH9, determined by rotating a Rochon polarizer. The harmonic ellipticities follow the driving ellipticity for ε = 0 and |ε| = 1, as expected from spin angular momentum conservation [8,9,11,12]. For |ε| = 1, we find that all harmonics are circularly polarized (Fig.…”

supporting

confidence: 75%

“…The asymmetric, non-Gaussian-shaped ellipticity profiles are in strong contrast to the ellipticity dependence in gas-phase HHG. Later works reported the generation of circularly polarized harmonics from single-color driver pulses [8,9]. To understand this peculiar behavior, we recently introduced an ab-initio time-dependent densityfunctional theory (TDDFT) framework that allows us to investigate the complex interplay between the coupled intraand interband dynamics giving rise to HHG without making a-priori assumptions [10], and we theoretically investigated the ellipticity dependence of the HHG yield in Si and MgO [11].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To understand this peculiar behavior, we recently introduced an ab-initio time-dependent densityfunctional theory (TDDFT) framework that allows us to investigate the complex interplay between the coupled intraand interband dynamics giving rise to HHG without making a-priori assumptions [10], and we theoretically investigated the ellipticity dependence of the HHG yield in Si and MgO [11]. Here, we show that the polarization states of higher harmonics emitted from crystalline Si and quartz samples are determined by both crystal symmetry [8,9,[11][12][13] and nonperturbative dynamics [11], opening the door to strong-field control of the harmonics' polarization states.We irradiated free-standing, 2-µm-thin, (100)-cut crystalline silicon samples with 120-fs, 2.1-µm pulses from a Ti:sapphire-pumped OPA with a maximum peak intensity of 0.7 TW cm −2 (in vacuum). The driver pulse ellipticity ε was varied from ε = 0 (linear) to |ε| = 1 (circular) using a combination of quarter-wave plate (QWP) and half-wave plate (HWP) to keep the major axis of the polarization ellipse constant.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Strong-field polarization-state control of higher harmonics generated in crystalline solids

Klemke

Tancogne-Dejean

Rossi

et al. 2018

Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

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We demonstrate that the polarization states of higher harmonics emitted from crystalline solids (here silicon, quartz) are determined by both crystal symmetry and nonperturbative dynamics, opening the door to strong-field control of the harmonics' polarization states. Extending attoscience from atoms and molecules to condensed matter and nanosystems is currently one of the most fascinating frontiers of ultrafast physics. Adapting attosecond metrology techniques to observe and control electronic dynamics on sub-optical-cycle time scales opens up unprecedented opportunities for PHz electronic signal processing.Since its first observation by Ghimire et al.[1], the physics underlying high-harmonic generation (HHG) in solids has extensively been investigated (for a comprehensive review, see [2]). Recent studies have, for example, demonstrated isolated attosecond XUV pulses emitted from thin SiO 2 films [3], HHG from amorphous fused silica [4], graphene (enhanced by driving ellipticity) [5], or 2D transition metal dichalcogenides [5,6].A striking observation is the asymmetric driver-ellipticity dependence of the HHG yield for certain crystal orientations in MgO [7]. The asymmetric, non-Gaussian-shaped ellipticity profiles are in strong contrast to the ellipticity dependence in gas-phase HHG. Later works reported the generation of circularly polarized harmonics from single-color driver pulses [8,9]. To understand this peculiar behavior, we recently introduced an ab-initio time-dependent densityfunctional theory (TDDFT) framework that allows us to investigate the complex interplay between the coupled intraand interband dynamics giving rise to HHG without making a-priori assumptions [10], and we theoretically investigated the ellipticity dependence of the HHG yield in Si and MgO [11]. Here, we show that the polarization states of higher harmonics emitted from crystalline Si and quartz samples are determined by both crystal symmetry [8,9,[11][12][13] and nonperturbative dynamics [11], opening the door to strong-field control of the harmonics' polarization states.We irradiated free-standing, 2-µm-thin, (100)-cut crystalline silicon samples with 120-fs, 2.1-µm pulses from a Ti:sapphire-pumped OPA with a maximum peak intensity of 0.7 TW cm −2 (in vacuum). The driver pulse ellipticity ε was varied from ε = 0 (linear) to |ε| = 1 (circular) using a combination of quarter-wave plate (QWP) and half-wave plate (HWP) to keep the major axis of the polarization ellipse constant. Fig. 1(a)-(c) shows the harmonic ellipticities

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supporting

confidence: 89%

supporting

confidence: 75%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Strong-field polarization-state control of higher harmonics generated in crystalline solids

Klemke

Tancogne-Dejean

Rossi

et al. 2018

Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

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Plasmon‐Enhanced Circular Polarization High‐Harmonic Generation from Silicon

Ren,

Chen,

Wang

et al. 2024

Advanced Optical Materials

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High harmonics of circular polarization can be directly generated by monochromatic circularly polarized incident light owing to the high density and stable structure of crystal media. If the arrangement of multiple coplanar atoms in the unit structure of the crystal exhibits rotational symmetry, the polarization state of the high harmonics generated from the crystal follows specific selection rules that have been observed in the 2D crystal medium. In addition, the geometric symmetry of the coplanar atom distribution is related to the orientation of cubic crystals. This implies that only the polarization along a specific crystal orientation can achieve a selection of high‐harmonic polarization states. However, this is a very weak process in cubic crystals owing to the attenuation of crystal anisotropy to circularly polarized light and the dependence of the electron transition rate on the crystal orientation. In this study, plasmonic nanoantennas are designed on silicon crystal films to enhance this process. The harmonic emission is more than ten times brighter than that without nanoantennas and conformed to the selection rules for high harmonics. The research results offer a new approach for deepultraviolet space filtering, carrier control, and the development of compact extremeultraviolet light sources.

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Nonlinear Optics Through the Field Tensor Formalism

Duboisset,

Boulanger,

Brasselet

et al. 2024

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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The “field tensor” is the tensor product of the electric fields of the interacting waves during a sum‐ or difference‐frequency generation nonlinear optical interaction. It is therefore a tensor describing light interacting with matter, the latter being characterized by the “electric susceptibility tensor.” The contracted product of these two tensors of equal rank gives the light‐matter interaction energy, whether or not propagation occurs. This notion having been explicitly or implicitly present from the early pioneering studies in nonlinear optics, its practical use has led to original developments in many highly topical theoretical or experimental situations, at the microscopic as well macroscopic level throughout a variety of coherent or non‐coherent processes. The aim of this review article is to rigorously explain the field tensor formalism in the context of tensor algebra and nonlinear optics in terms of a general time‐space multi‐convolutional development, using spherical tensors, with components expressed in the frame of a common basis set of irreducible tensors, or Cartesian tensors. A wide variety of media are considered, including biological tissues and their imaging, artificially engineered by various combinations of optical and static electric fields, with the two extremes of all‐optical and purely electric poling, and also bulk single crystals.

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Observation of selection rules for circularly polarized fields in high-harmonic generation from a crystalline solid

Cited by 95 publications

References 19 publications

Strong-field polarization-state control of higher harmonics generated in crystalline solids

Strong-field polarization-state control of higher harmonics generated in crystalline solids

Plasmon‐Enhanced Circular Polarization High‐Harmonic Generation from Silicon

Nonlinear Optics Through the Field Tensor Formalism

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