Observation of Short‐Period Ionospheric Disturbances Using a Portable Digital Ionosonde at Sanya

Abstract

A number of ionosondes have been operated in China to detect ionospheric disturbances for many years. These ionosondes, however, are not very suitable for the short‐period (<15 min) disturbances due to their poor time resolutions (>5 min). During recent years, the Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, together with the South Central University for Nationalities has been developing a portable digital ionosonde (PDI) equipped with the capability to detect and characterize small‐scale/short‐period ionospheric disturbances and to be quickly assembled and set up at temporary field stations for low‐latitude campaign coordinated observations. The PDI uses a set of technologies (e.g., code multiplexing and antenna/transmitter matching) that allow it to obtain quality Doppler ionograms at a good time resolution with small transmitting antennas. A preliminary analysis of observations by the PDI at Sanya (18.3°N, 109.6°E) shows the presence of ionospheric disturbances with periods ranging between several and tens of minutes. Interestingly, the disturbances (with different periods) were found to simultaneously occur at different F region altitudes, for example, with periods of ~5 and 20 min below and above ~180 km, respectively. The absence of shorter‐period disturbance at higher altitude is consistent with acoustic gravity waves through the region with intrinsic periods above the Brunt‐Väisälä period. The short‐period disturbances observed in F region bottomside are not evident in total electron content. The results demonstrate the capability of PDI to detect ionospheric disturbances with temporal scales down to a few minutes in routine ionogram mode. Future prospects of PDI are outlined.

On the Type‐A and Type‐B 150‐km Radar Echoes

“…It may be mentioned that Digisonde results on other days (not shown) also show similar behavior. The short period variations observed here are quite similar to those reported by Lan et al (2018) and Reyes et al (2020). Notably, the observed variations in the plasma frequency (electron density) with short periodicities and descending phase progression concurrent with those observed in 150‐km echoes assume importance in understanding the possible role of atmospheric gravity waves (AGW) on the echoing phenomenon proposed originally by Kudeki and Fawcett (1993).…”

The Evolution of Complex Es Observed by Multi Instruments Over Low‐Latitude China

“…The Sanya ionosonde used in this case is called PDI (portable digital ionosonde), which was developed by IGGCAS together with the South Central University for Nationalities. Lan et al (2018) have introduced PDI in detail and showed some valuable observational results. Briefly, PDI is small in size and low in power consumption by employing a low‐power transmitter and small‐size antennas, thus easy to be quickly assembled and set up at temporary field stations.…”

Low Latitude Ionospheric TEC Oscillations Associated With Periodic Changes in IMF Bz Polarity

“…For the present case, no data can be obtained at the IPPs from these receivers. For the details of BD‐GEO TEC calculation and portable digital ionosonde Doppler velocity measurements, please see Xiong et al () and Lan et al (), respectively. For the absolute TEC, the satellite and receiver interfrequency biases were estimated by the least square method (e.g., Otsuka et al, ).…”