Observation of transverse modes in a microchip laser with combined gain and index guiding

Druten, N. J. van; Oemrawsingh, S. S. R.; Lien, Y.; Serrat, Carles; Exter, M. P. van; Woerdman, J. P.

doi:10.1364/josab.18.001793

Cited by 24 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Therefore, only the dynamic evolution of the space-integrated mode amplitude can be described. Changes in the spatial mode profile could in principle occur due to changes of the optical properties of the active medium during operation, e.g., by gain or index guiding effects [SAL92,DRU01], which could be implemented as a variation of Γ with the operational parameters.…”

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confidence: 99%

Nonlinear and Nonequilibrium Dynamics of Quantum-Dot Optoelectronic Devices

Lingnau

2015

Springer Theses

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In this thesis the dynamics and performance of optoelectronic devices based on semiconductor quantum-dots are investigated.In the first part, the dynamics of quantum-dot lasers under external perturbations is discussed. Using a microscopically based balance equation model that incorporates detailed charge-carrier scattering dynamics and the possibility to describe nonequilibrium between intra-band electronic states, the relaxation oscillations of the quantum-dot laser are investigated. Three qualitatively different dynamic regimes are identified in dependence of the scattering rates -the "constantreservoir" regime for slow scattering, the "overdamped" regime, and the "synchronized" regime for high scattering -characterized by a varying degree of nonequilibrium between the quantum-dot and reservoir states.Important differences to conventional lasers are found in the modulation response and the dynamics in optical injection and feedback setups. Common theoretical models and approaches used to describe these applications are shown to yield inaccurate predictions, especially in the "constant-reservoir" and "overdamped" dynamic regimes. An important consequence is that the amplitude-phase coupling in quantum-dot lasers, commonly described by the α-factor, differs from conventional descriptions due to the desynchronization of gain and refractive index. While the α-factor describes bifurcations of fixed points accurately, it fails in describing dynamic solutions and overestimates the extent of complex dynamics. The observed low sensitivity to optical perturbations in quantum-dot lasers can therefore be attributed partly to the charge-carrier nonequilibrium. Three quantum-dot laser models on different levels of sophistication are presented that can accurately describe the quantum-dot nonequilibrium dynamics.In the second part of the thesis, the performance of quantum-dot semiconductor optical amplifiers is investigated, and two types of applications unique to quantum-dots as active medium are discussed. The ground and excited states of the quantum-dots allow an ultra-broad-band amplification of optical data streams. Amplified signals on the ground-state frequencies are shown to generally exhibit higher quality than on the excited state, due to a lower sensitivity of the groundstate to carrier-density variations. Nevertheless the quantum-dot amplifier is found to allow effective amplification on both frequency ranges. Furthermore, a parameter range is identified that allows for a simultaneous amplification of data signals on the ground and excited state in a counter-propagating setup.The long microscopically polarization dephasing times in quantum-dots are found to enable quantum-coherent interactions on a macroscopic scale at room-temperature. By comparison with experiments, the occurrence of Rabi-oscillations by amplification of ultra-short pulses is demonstrated. Quantum-dot based devices could therefore be used for future applications based on quantum-coherent effects.

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Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear and Nonequilibrium Dynamics of Quantum-Dot Optoelectronic Devices

Lingnau

2015

Springer Theses

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“…1 would correspond to the mode's being at threshold for mirror ref lectivity R m ഠ 85%, which is within the range studied experimentally. 9 The difference in the modal phase shift Re m of 0.5 at the resonance in Fig. 1 corresponds to a frequency difference of 0.7 GHz in the experiment (neglecting mode pulling).…”

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confidence: 81%

“…1 is readily achievable experimentally; in fact, the situation is quite close to that of some of our own experimental work. 9 In that experiment, the waist size of the Gaussian gain was w g 14 mm, and the waist size of the parabolic index guide was w 0 46 mm, yielding r g w g ͞w 0 0.3. For the cavity geometry in that experiment, the modal gain of Im m ഠ 3 at the resonance in Fig.…”

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confidence: 96%

“…This model is widely applicable: As has been shown elsewhere, it applies directly to a stable-cavity microchip laser with a focused longitudinal pump. 8,9 The model that we study is relatively simple and exhibits large excess-noise factors for modest losses, whereas the modal prof iles remain smooth and well behaved. These results suggest that large and resonant K factors are much more general than previously thought, and the simplicity of the model should stimulate and facilitate further studies.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…9 Specifically, when the cavity mode is detuned from maximum gain, one needs to account for the dispersion of the gain medium (gainrelated change in refractive index). This can be done if g 0 in Eq.…”

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confidence: 99%

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The array of coupled optical waveguides, which is also viewed as a photonic lattice, can exhibit abundant photonic band structures depending on the desired spatial arrangements of involved waveguides. Studies of photonic lattices are usually performed in solid‐state materials, where the required periodic susceptibilities can be achieved by employing the femtosecond laser direct‐writing or optical induction method, and have spawned flourishing achievements in manipulating the behaviors of light. Recently, the concept of electromagnetically induced photonic lattice (EIPL) is proposed under the well‐known electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in coherently prepared multilevel alkali‐metal atomic systems, where the strong coupling beams producing EIT possess spatially periodic intensity profiles. The inherited instantaneous tunability of susceptibility from EIT‐modulated atomic coherence allows for the easy reconfigurability of EIPLs, which gives rise to exotic beam dynamics under such a readily controllable framework. This paper summarizes the historical overview and recent advances of the in situ and all‐optically reconfigurable EIPLs. The Introduction section provides the scheme and formation of the EIPL via atomic coherence. The following sections review the recently demonstrated dynamical properties of light in various 1D and 2D EIPLs and in compound EIPLs built by two coupling fields. The final section gives brief concluding remarks.

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Observation of transverse modes in a microchip laser with combined gain and index guiding

Cited by 24 publications

References 17 publications

Nonlinear and Nonequilibrium Dynamics of Quantum-Dot Optoelectronic Devices

Nonlinear and Nonequilibrium Dynamics of Quantum-Dot Optoelectronic Devices

Resonant excess quantum noise in focused-gain lasers

Reconfigurable Photonic Lattices Based on Atomic Coherence

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