Observational analyses of topographic effects on convective systems in an extreme rainfall event in Northern China

Kang, Yanzhen; Peng, Xindong; Wang, Shigong; Hu, Yong; Shang, Kezheng; Lu, Shan

doi:10.1016/j.atmosres.2019.05.024

Cited by 13 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…The jet core moves northward, accompanied by the propagation of a Southwest China vortex. Northeast propagation of the vortex is also responsible for the July 2016 storm over the NCP region (Kang et al., 2019). On August 4, the vortex enters NCP that leads to the first sharp increase of precipitable water from 48 to 53 mm (Figure 14b).…”

Section: The Upper‐tail Floods Over the Ncp Regionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Upper Tail of Flood Peaks Over China: Hydrology, Hydrometeorology, and Hydroclimatology

Yang

Smith

2021

Water Resources Research

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Characterizing the upper tail of floods is a great concern for the engineering community, that is, haunted by the destructive consequences associated with these extreme events (Chen & Hossain, 2019;Chernet et al., 2014;Vahedifard et al., 2017). It remains a challenge due to existing debates in the scientific community about the "nature" of flood peak distributions, especially the upper tail of flood peaks (Bernardara

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Section: The Upper‐tail Floods Over the Ncp Regionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Taihang. Topographic blocking plays a critical role in the development of mesoscale convective cells and extreme rain rate for the July 2016 storm (Kang et al., 2019). Readers are referred to Houze (2012) for a detailed summary on the effects of topography on rainfall processes.…”

Section: The Upper‐tail Floods Over the Ncp Regionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Upper Tail of Flood Peaks Over China: Hydrology, Hydrometeorology, and Hydroclimatology

Yang

Smith

2021

Water Resources Research

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“…The complex topography plays a significant role in the inhomogeneous spatial and temporal distributions of rainfall patterns, and most previous researches have shown that the mechanisms of the orographic influences are complex (Smith 1979;Jiang and Smith 2003;Colle 2004;Smith and Barstad 2004;Roe 2005;Rotunno and Houze 2007;Kirshbaum 2011;Houze 2012;Couto et al 2016;DeHart and Houze 2017;Purnell and Kirshbaum 2018;Kang et al 2019). Many features of mountainous topography, including elevation, relief amplitude, slope, and aspect, can initiate, enhance, and modify rainfall and further influence diurnal and spatial variations of rainfall (Weisse and Bois 2001;Burbank et al 2003;Lee et al 2010;Chen et al 2013;White and Paul 2015;Kirshbaum et al 2018;Sarmadi et al 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diurnal variations of rainfall affected by complex topography based on high-density observation in Chongqing over southwest China

Zheng

Zhou

et al. 2022

Theor Appl Climatol

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Located in the eastern edge of the Sichuan Basin (SCB) in the southwest China, Chongqing is a mountainous region with typical complex topographic features. Using the hourly rainfall observation data of high-density 1686 meteorological stations in Chongqing during warm season from 2009 to 2016, we investigated the diurnal characteristics of precipitation affected by complex topography. The complex mountainous terrain has a significant impact on diurnal variations and distinct regional features of rainfall amount, frequency, and intensity. The stations located in the higher complex mountainous areas have greater rainfall amount, frequency, and intensity than those in the lower surrounding areas. In addition, the detailed characteristics of the rainfall amount and frequency in the four study regions further show that the rainfall amount and frequency significantly increase with the rise of elevation, especially in the area that terrain height sharply increases along the mountain extending direction. The diurnal variation of the rainfall amount is characterized by a bimodal structure with a dominant early-morning peak occurring at approximately 0700 LST (23 UTC) and a weaker secondary late-afternoon peak at approximately 1600 LST (08 UTC), while the rainfall frequency has a single early-morning peak. The terrain height has a significant impact on the proportions of the early-morning rainfall. With the elevation increasing in the four study regions, the proportions of rainfall amount (frequency) that occurs during early-morning period decrease.

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“…In North China, heavy rainfall events occur mostly during the warm season (i.e., from May to September) and are responsible for a variety of severe catastrophes (Jiang & Xiang, 1997; Kang et al, 2019; You, 1965), such as urban flooding and landslides; these events lead to large amounts of damage, injuries, and even deaths. Therefore, analyses of long‐duration heavy rainfall (LDHR) events are important for understanding and predicting high‐impact weather phenomena.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When conditionally unstable easterlies impinge on the mountain, the low‐level flow may be uplifted or blocked. The location of heavy rainfall varies with the wind direction and speed and can occur over the mountaintop, slope, and mountain foot (Jiang & Xiang, 1997; Kang et al, 2019; You, 1965). Generally, the spatiotemporal features of rainfall are highly correlated with elevation in North China (Shi, 1981), and Taihang Mountain demonstrates especially important impacts on the intensity, distribution, and duration of heavy rainfall (Sheng et al, 2012; Wang et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical Characteristics and Synoptic Situations of Long‐Duration Heavy Rainfall Events Over North China

Kang

Peng

Wang

et al. 2020

Earth and Space Science

Self Cite

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The spatiotemporal characteristics of long-duration heavy rainfall (LDHR) events are statistically analyzed using hourly surface observations over central-southern North China during the warm seasons of 2011-2018, revealing pronounced variabilities in the frequency and amount of LDHR. Two accumulated rainfall peaks are found in the western (WHRR) and eastern (EHRR) regions of central-southern North China. The LDHR occurrence frequency decreases westward, and the peaks of the LDHR amount, frequency and intensity in the WHRR and EHRR are observed at nighttime (2100-0200 Beijing Standard Time) or in the early morning (0300-0700 Beijing Standard Time). The rainfall amount exhibits a bimodal diurnal variation in the WHRR (determined mainly by the rainfall intensity), whereas a single rainfall frequency-related peak is found in the EHRR. Four types of LDHR events corresponding to different flow patterns, synoptic systems, and moisture transport mechanisms are classified according to their locations. The first is heavy rainfall in the WHRR with an upper-level jet favorable for an ascending motion near Taihang Mountain; topographic blocking of southerly flow is crucial for heavy rainfall formation. The second describes heavy rainfall in the EHRR attributable to the favorable configurations of upper-and lower-level systems. Heavy rainfall occurs over both the WHRR and the EHRR in the third type, including topographic blocking and convergence associated with low-pressure systems or shear lines and a mesoscale low vortex or shear line related to topographic effects and positive vorticity advection in front of a westerly trough. The fourth shows a scattered distribution of LDHR stations and is generally not comparable to the first three types.

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Observational analyses of topographic effects on convective systems in an extreme rainfall event in Northern China

Cited by 13 publications

References 56 publications

The Upper Tail of Flood Peaks Over China: Hydrology, Hydrometeorology, and Hydroclimatology

The Upper Tail of Flood Peaks Over China: Hydrology, Hydrometeorology, and Hydroclimatology

Diurnal variations of rainfall affected by complex topography based on high-density observation in Chongqing over southwest China

Statistical Characteristics and Synoptic Situations of Long‐Duration Heavy Rainfall Events Over North China

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