Observational Evidence of Lightning‐Generated Ultrafine Aerosols

Abstract

As a large-scale and instantaneous discharge phenomenon occurring in nature, lightning can generate a series of physical effects, including instantaneous peak current and heating as well as strong electromagnetic radiation and shock waves, during their discharge processes, thus playing an important role in modulating the concentration distribution of pollutants and chemical processes in the atmosphere. Lightning-generated NOx (LNOx) is a major natural source of NOx in the air and is estimated to contribute 5 ± 3 Tg N yr −1 around the world, accounting for 10% of global NOx emissions (Schumann & Huntrieser, 2007). The direct release of oxidized nitrogen in the upper troposphere affects not only ozone formation but also the chemical and microphysical properties of aerosol particles in certain regions worldwide (

Characteristics of Secondary PM2.5 Under Different Photochemical Reactivity Backgrounds in the Pearl River Delta Region

“…With the strengthening of environmental governance, air pollution in some cities of China has been gradually transforming from single to complex pollution as a result of the increase in ozone and aerosol levels (Zhang et al, 2019;Wang et al, 2021a;Wang et al, 2021b;Wang et al, 2021c). Ozone and aerosols significantly influence human health, crop yield, and global climate change (Mills et al, 2009;Stoker et al, 2013;Zhang et al, 2017;Fleming et al, 2018), meaning that their coordinated control is very urgent.…”

“…Ozone and aerosols significantly influence human health, crop yield, and global climate change (Mills et al, 2009;Stoker et al, 2013;Zhang et al, 2017;Fleming et al, 2018), meaning that their coordinated control is very urgent. Therefore, many scholars have carried out relevant studies and found that their coordinated variations are fulfilled through the influence of aerosols on the levels of atmospheric radiation and hydroxyl radicals and the influence of ozone on atmospheric photochemical reactivities (Yuan et al, 2012;Liu et al, 2021;Wang et al, 2021a;Wang et al, 2021b;Wang et al, 2021c). It is worth noting that the strengthening of atmospheric photochemical reactivities and the following significant growth of secondary aerosols resulting from ozone enhancement have become the common causes of complex pollution in China.…”

Characteristics of Regular Pulse Bursts Generated From Lightning Discharges

“…under certain conditions. Studies rely on radio waveforms detected by ground-based instruments [Rison et al, 1999;Qie et al, 2009;Zhang et al, 2010;Liu et al, 2013;Wang et al, 2021]. Generally, the pulse trains in waveforms generated by lightning discharges can be classified into chaotic pulse trains and regular pulse trains.…”

Spatiotemporal Variability of Air Stagnation and its Relation to Summertime Ozone in the Yangtze River Delta of China

“…As is well known, China is facing serious air quality deterioration along with the fast economic growth and rapid urban expansion (Chan and Yao, 2008;Ma et al, 2012;Xie et al, 2014;Zhu, 2017;Wu et al, 2020;Hu et al, 2021). In and around the megacities, poor air quality is usually caused by high emissions and adverse meteorological conditions characterized by light wind and less precipitation (Chan and Yao, 2008;Ma et al, 2012;Li et al, 2017;Xie et al, 2017;Xu et al, 2018;Shen et al, 2021;Wang et al, 2021). In recent years, under the very strict emission control strategies implemented by the Chinese government, the effects of meteorological conditions on air pollution have attracted more attention and interest from researchers, especially in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region (Xu et al, 2011;Zhang et al, 2016), the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region (Shu et al, 2016(Shu et al, , 2017Xie et al, 2016aXie et al, , 2016bGao et al, 2020Gao et al, , 2021Zhan et al, 2020Zhan et al, , 2021, the Pearl River Delta (PRD) region (Xie et al, 2016c;Zhu et al, 2017) and the Sichuan Basin (Zhan et al, 2019;Yang et al, 2020Yang et al, , 2021.…”