Observational Histopathological Analysis of Renal Lesions in Nephrectomy Specimens

Abstract

Aim: This observational retrospective study was initiated to perform histopathological spectrum analysis of renal lesions from resected nephrectomy specimens. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective observational study. Over a span of 4 years a total of 62 nephrectomy cases who underwent nephrectomy in a tertiary health care center and specimens were received from the surgical Department of the Hospital were analysed. Microscopic and gross features of the specimen were studied. Result: 12(19%) nephrectomy specimens out of 62 were malignant and 50 (81%) were benign. The mean age of patients from whom specimen were collected was 44.16 ± 29.8 years. 34 (54.9%) were Chronic Pyelonephritis cases, some associated with hydronephrosis and others with calculi. Out of 12 total malignant lesions 8 cases (12.9%) constituted as renal cell carcinoma. Among children commonest malignant tumour was Wilm’s tumour. Among the clinical presentation most common was flank pain in 17 (53.1%) cases followed by fever and burning micturition. Conclusion: In current study as compared to the benign tumours, malignant renal tumours far outnumbered. In paediatric age group most common malignancy was the Wilms tumour. Most common histomorphological diagnosis was Chronic Pyelonephritis and among the malignant lesions commonest were Renal Cell Carcinoma. Keywords: Nephrectomy, Histopathology, Chronic Pyelonephritis, Wilm’s tumour, Renal Cell Carcinoma.