Observations Concerning Production and Excretion of Cholesterol in Mammals

Friedman, Meyer; Byers, Sanford O.; Gunning, Barbara

doi:10.1152/ajplegacy.1953.172.2.309

Cited by 16 publications

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“…Following the intravenous administration of excess cholesterol, the blood is rid of it primarily by the ability of the liver to first store the cholesterol, then convert it and excrete it into bile as cholic acid (6,8). The present studies indicate that the liver also functions in the same manner to rid the blood of cholesterol derived from exogenous sources.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

Observations Concerning the Production and Excretion of Cholesterol in Mammals

Friedman

Byers

Shibata

1953

Journal of Experimental Medicine

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The absorption of oral cholesterol by rats was followed directly by analyses of the thoracic lymph and indirectly by calculating the deficit of fecal cholesterol under the amount fed. The two methods checked within about 20 per cent, with fecal analyses indicating the greater absorption. The absorbed cholesterol was found to be deposited in the liver, only very minor quantities being found in other organs or plasma. Bile is necessary for normal absorption of cholesterol, although very small amounts are absorbed even in its absence. Excess oral cholic acid increases the absorption of cholesterol by otherwise normal animals. The rat absorbs about 47 per cent of a single 50 mg. dose of cholesterol and about 34 per cent of a 100 mg. dose.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

Observations Concerning the Production and Excretion of Cholesterol in Mammals

Friedman

Byers

Shibata

1953

Journal of Experimental Medicine

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“…The present results indicate that the rise of plasma cholesterol occurring in AKS-injected rats could not be ascribed to any failure of the liver's ability to eliminate cholesterol by its normal disposal route, the conversion to cholate, which is subsequently excreted in the bile (5). Thus, neither the injection of AKS nor the occurrence 100-Results Figure 2 shows the rate of plasma clearance of the injected CrP3204 in the nephrotic and the control rats and indicates that as rapid a plasma egress of radioactivity occurred in both the acute and the chronic nephrotic rats as occurred in the control rats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…Hepatic elimination of cholesterol is normally accomplished primarily by its conversion to cholic acid, which is subsequently excreted via the bile (5). As previously observed (5), therefore, the bile cholate concentration was found to be somewhat increased in the control rats whose hepatic cholesterol content was increased by the prior injection of hypercholesteremic rat serum (see Table V; compare Groups 4 and 5), and markedly increased in the control rats pre-fed excess dietary cholesterol (Group 2).…”

Section: As Shown Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our previous studies indicated that the AKS-induced hypercholesteremia in such rats cannot be ascribed to any increase of cholesterol synthesis (2) or intestinal absorption (3), or to any decrease of its intestinal excretion (4). In view of the important role of the liver (5,6) in the disposition of the plasma cholesterol, we also believed it important to study any possible role of some AKSinduced abnormality of the liver in the genesis of nephrotic hypercholesteremia.…”

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confidence: 98%

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Hepatic Metabolism of Cholesterol in Experimental Nephrosis in Rats *

Rosenman¹,

Breall²,

Byers³

et al. 1959

J. Clin. Invest.

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“…The average volume of bile excreted was 14. (18). The second series (10 rats) was given 20 mg. of cholesterol in the form of pooled hypercholesteremic serum (2.5 ml.)…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Evaluation of Potassium Iodide as a Therapeutic Agent in the Treatment of Experimental Hyper-Cholesteremia and Atherosclerosis 1

Friedman¹,

Homer²,

Byers³

et al. 1956

J. Clin. Invest.

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Although iodides have been administered for many decades to patients suffering from arteriosclerotic disorders, it was Liebig (1, 2) who first furnished experimental data possibly justifying the use of this substance in such disorders. He observed that the majority of his cholesterol fed rabbits could be protected against subsequent aortic atherosclerosis if iodide were administered.Since his initial observations, various other studies have been done concerning the possible protective effect of iodide administration against both experimentally induced hypercholesteremia and atherosclerosis. have agreed with the conclusions of Liebig but others (7,8) were unable to demonstrate any specific anti-hypercholesteremic or anti-atherogenic effect of iodide administration. Furthermore, although Turner (3) initially observed that iodide administration was protective, he and Bidwell (9, 10) later observed that at best the supposed protection by iodide administration was but a temporary phenomenon. Finally, Brown and Page (11) were unable to detect any effect of iodide administration upon the hepatic cholesterol content of the normal, cholesterol fed rabbit.In view of these sometimes conflicting reports it was decided therefore to pursue a series of studies concerning the possible effects of iodide administration both upon normo-and hypercholesteremic animals with the intent of determining the actual efficacy of this cation both as an antihypercholesteremic and antiatherogenic agent. The results clearly indicate that iodide per se possesses neither of these two effects. anesthetized with ether, the abdomen incised, the intestinal lymph duct cannulated and the lymph collected for 24 hours by methods previously described (12). This collected lymph then was analyzed for total cholesterol by the method of Saifer and Kammerer (13) and for total lipid by the method of Bragdon (14).B. Rabbits: A series of young male rabbits (average weight: 1,424 to 1,436 grams) was given 800 mg. of cholesterol dissolved in 8 ml. of olive oil by stomach tube and then divided into two groups. Group I (16 rabbits) which served as a control received only the cholesterol. Group II (10 rabbits) received in addition to the cholesterol, 1,250 mg. of KI. The animals then were caged individually and fed a cholesterol-free diet (leafy vegetables) for 72 hours. All feces excreted during this period were individually collected and analyzed for total sterol, total cholesterol, and non-cholesterol sterol according to methods previously described (12). ResultsInspection of Tables I and II will indicate that the oral administration of potassium iodide had no significant effect upon the intestinal absorption of cholesterol in either the rat or the rabbit.Regardless of whether the rat was given 25, 100 or 200 mg. of KI, the total amount of cholesterol absorbed during the 24 hours following the ingestion of 25 mg. of cholesterol did not appear to differ from that observed in the control animals (cf. A with B, C and D of Table I). Similarly, no 1015

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Observations Concerning Production and Excretion of Cholesterol in Mammals

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

Observations Concerning the Production and Excretion of Cholesterol in Mammals

Observations Concerning the Production and Excretion of Cholesterol in Mammals

Hepatic Metabolism of Cholesterol in Experimental Nephrosis in Rats *

An Evaluation of Potassium Iodide as a Therapeutic Agent in the Treatment of Experimental Hyper-Cholesteremia and Atherosclerosis 1

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