Observations of Black Carbon characteristics and radiative forcing over a Global Atmosphere Watch supersite in Korea

Panicker, A. S.; Park, Sung-Hwa; Lee, Dong‐In; Kim, Dong-Chul; Jung, Woonseon; Jang, Sang-Min; Jeong, Jong-Hoon; Kim, Dong‐Soon; Yu, Jegyu; Jeong, Harrison

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.04.020

Cited by 22 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…As the LWP increases the F↑ no aerosol (Cloud only case) increases, and the reflection enhances due to increase in LWP (thickness of cloud), and the F↑ aerosol case decreases due to enhanced absorption by BC in the cloud. This contradicts the explanation of enhanced TOA forcing for increase in BC in clear‐sky conditions as reported by Panicker et al (). In clear‐sky cases, the enhancement in TOA forcing due to BC is associated with the sharp decrease in the F↑ aerosol component due to the strong absorption by BC in Eq.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 83%

Indirect forcing of black carbon on clouds over northeast India

Panicker

Pandithurai

Safai

et al. 2016

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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Black carbon (BC) induced indirect radiative forcing and cloud albedo effect has been studied for the first time over northeast India. Measurements of BC and cloud microphysical parameters were carried out during Phase‐I of the Cloud Aerosol Interaction and Precipitation Enhancement Experiment (CAIPEEX) over northeast India (Guwahati) in 2009. Liquid water path (LWP) in the cloud layers coherent with BC on different experimental days was found to be 206–327 g m−2 over the region. Black carbon aerosol indirect effect (BCIE) for fixed LWP is found to be 0.32–0.48 on different days of observations. The indirect forcing corresponding to this BCIE has been estimated using a radiative transfer model for fixed LWP by altering the derived BC‐AOD (aerosol optical depth from measured BC profiles) and cloud effective radius (Re) combinations. The estimated average BC‐induced indirect forcing (BCIF) was −24 to −37.1 W m−2 at the surface and +2.5 to +14.8 W m−2 at the top of the atmosphere (TOA). The average albedo due to BCIF at TOA was 0.49–0.61. BCIF is found to reduce the cloud reflection by 1.5–2% over the region. The sensitivities of cloud parameters to BCIF and the albedo effect are illustrated.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 83%

Indirect forcing of black carbon on clouds over northeast India

Panicker

Pandithurai

Safai

et al. 2016

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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“…The BC induced radiative forcing (RF) and atmospheric heating rates (ARH) have been calculated over Guwahati by using the OPAC model (Hess et al, 1998) in conjunction with the SBDART model (Richiazzi et al, 1998) as explained in Panicker et al, 2013;Bisht et al, 2015. The Optical Properties of Aerosols and Clouds (OPAC) model is used to obtain BC aerosol optical properties such as aerosol optical depth (AOD), single scattering albedo (SSA), and asymmetry parameter (g).…”

Section: Radiative Impact Due To Bc Aerosol On Regional Climatementioning

confidence: 99%

Significant cooling effect on the surface due to soot particles over Brahmaputra River Valley region, India: An impact on regional climate

Tiwari

Kumar

Tunved

et al. 2016

Science of The Total Environment

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Black carbon (BC) is an important atmospheric aerosol constituent that affects the climate by absorbing (directly) the sunlight and modifying cloud characteristics (indirectly). Here, we present first time yearlong measurements of BC and carbon monoxide (CO) from an urban location of Guwahati located in the Brahmaputra River valley (BRV) in the northeast region of India from 1st July 2013 to 30th June 2014. Daily BC concentrations varied within the range of 2.86 to 11.56μgm(-3) with an annual average of 7.17±1.89μgm(-3), while, CO varied from 0.19 to 1.20ppm with a mean value of 0.51±0.19ppm during the study period. The concentrations of BC (8.37μgm(-3)) and CO (0.67ppm) were ~39% and ~55% higher during the dry months (October to March) than the wet months (April to September) suggesting that seasonal changes in meteorology and emission sources play an important role in controlling these species. The seasonal ΔBC/ΔCO ratios were highest (lowest) in the pre-monsoon (winter) 18.1±1.4μgm(-3)ppmv(-1) (12.6±2.2μgm(-3)ppmv(-1)) which indicate the combustion of biofuel/biomass as well as direct emissions from fossil fuel during the pre-monsoon season. The annual BC emission was estimated to be 2.72Gg in and around Guwahati which is about 44% lower than the mega city 'Delhi' (4.86Gg). During the study period, the annual mean radiative forcing (RF) at the top of the atmosphere (TOA) for clear skies of BC was +9.5Wm(-2), however, the RF value at the surface (SFC) was -21.1Wm(-2) which indicates the net warming and cooling effects, respectively. The highest RF at SFC was in the month of April (-30Wm(-2)) which is coincident with the highest BC mass level. The BC atmospheric radiative forcing (ARF) was +30.16 (annual mean) Wm(-2) varying from +23.1 to +43.8Wm(-2). The annual mean atmospheric heating rate (AHR) due to the BC aerosols was 0.86Kday(-1) indicates the enhancement in radiation effect over the study region. The Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) captured the seasonal cycle of observed BC fairly well but underestimated the observed BC during the month of May-August. Model results show that BC at Guwahati is controlled mainly by anthropogenic emissions except during the pre-monsoon season when open biomass burning also makes a similar contribution.

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“…OC generally is a scattering aerosol species and it also acts as a potential cloud condensation nuclei (Saxena et al, 1995;Sahu et al, 2011;Novakov and Penner, 1993). However EC is a strong absorbent of solar radiation and warms the earth atmosphere system (Panicker et al, 2013a;Park et al, 2010). BC (EC) is found to be a global climate forcing agent, contributing significantly to positive radiative and thus enhancing global warming (IPCC., 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Particulate Matter and Carbonaceous Aerosol over Two Urban Environments in Northern India

Panicker

Ali

Beig

et al. 2015

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Monitoring and simultaneous sampling of Particulate matter (PM 10 and PM 2.5 ) was carried out for the first time over two urban sites in Northern India (Jabalpur and Udaipur) during December 2010-November 2012 (up to August 2012 over Udaipur). The samples of PM 2.5 were analyzed for elemental carbon (EC) and organic carbon (OC) using advanced DRI Thermal optical carbon Analyzer. The monthly mean PM 10 values were as high as 149 ± 44 µg m -3 over Jabalpur (JBL) and 171 ± 42.2 µg m -3 over Udaipur (UDPR). PM 2.5 mass over JBL varied between 25-79 µg m -3 and over UDPR between 24-82 µg m -3. The monthly mean OC concentration varied from 12.5 ± 7.3 µg m -3 to 28.4 ± 10.7 µg m -3 over JBL and from 7.8 ± 2.9 to 39.7 ± 11.6 µg m -3 over UDPR. The variation of monthly mean EC concentration was from 3.9-10.3 µg m -3 over JBL and from 3-10.9 µg m -3 over UDPR. The contribution of TC to PM 2.5 was in the range of 31-75% over JBL and 30-83% over UDPR. The EC showed higher concentration in winter and minimal values in monsoon. The OC/EC ratio showed low variation over JBL compared to that over UDPR suggesting spectrum of sources responsible for EC and OC components over UDPR. Formation of secondary organic carbon (SOC) was also recognized as a potential component altering OC/EC ratio. Up on extracting the sub fractions, it is found that OC2 and OC3 are the major component over both the sites contributing up to 51% to the total OC in different months. EC1 (EC component derived at 580°C) was found to be the major EC component contributing up to 79% over the sites.

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Observations of Black Carbon characteristics and radiative forcing over a Global Atmosphere Watch supersite in Korea

Cited by 22 publications

References 28 publications

Indirect forcing of black carbon on clouds over northeast India

Indirect forcing of black carbon on clouds over northeast India

Significant cooling effect on the surface due to soot particles over Brahmaputra River Valley region, India: An impact on regional climate

Characterization of Particulate Matter and Carbonaceous Aerosol over Two Urban Environments in Northern India

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