Observations of elves and radio wave perturbations by lightning

Tomicic, Maja; Chanrion, Olivier; Farges, Thomas; Młynarczyk, Janusz; Kolmašová, Ivana; Soula, Serge; Köhn, Christoph; Neubert, Torsten

doi:10.1002/essoar.10510348.1

Cited by 2 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Tomicic et al. (2023) found that the majority of the GLD360 detections of peak currents above 200 kA occurring within their FOV were not associated with observable Elves, in contrast with our results. However, their study focused on CG strokes, whereas our sample contains both CG and IC discharges.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Tomicic et al. (2023) analyzed a large set of Elves detected during a single storm over the Adriatic Sea. They used data from a TLE observer in France, and lightning data from GLD360 in combination with data from a broadband electric field sensor in France, an ELF receiver system in Poland and a VLF receiver in Slovakia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Newsome (2010) and Tomicic et al. (2023) showed that there are many high peak current (>200 kA) CG strokes that do not generate observable Elves.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Elves are produced at altitudes of ∼80–95 km when electromagnetic pulses (EMPs) from lightning discharges encounter the lower parts of the ionosphere (Tomicic et al., 2023; van der Velde & Montanyà, 2016). They are observed from space as laterally expanding rings of light in the UV and visible optical bands, expanding to diameters of several hundred kilometers (Fukunishi et al., 1996; Inan et al., 1996, 1997; van der Velde & Montanyà, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High Peak Current Lightning and the Production of Elves

Bjørge‐Engeland,

Østgaard,

Marisaldi

et al. 2024

JGR Atmospheres

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Elves are observed as expanding rings of light in the UV and visible optical bands. They are produced when electromagnetic pulses from lightning discharges interact with the lower parts of the ionosphere. Elves are well known to be associated with high peak current lightning discharges. Here, we use data from the Modular Multi‐spectral Imaging Array (MMIA) of the Atmosphere‐Space Interactions Monitor (ASIM), and search for observations of Elves when high peak current lightning discharges are detected by Vaisala's Global Lightning Detection network GLD360. We present two groups of events; high peak current detections associated with Elves and high peak current detections not associated with Elves. To understand why some current pulses with high peak currents do not produce observable Elves, we investigate and compare the lightning activity occurring before these two types of events, in terms of both the number of lightning discharges detected by GLD360 and the peak currents of the preceding discharges. Our results, using data from GLD360, suggest that current pulses with peak currents above |120| kA tend to produce Elves nearly always, regardless of the preceding lightning activity. For current pulses with peak currents between |70| and |120| kA, the number of observed Elves might be affected by the preceding lightning activity, or is the result of the characteristics of the storm cells that produce the Elve.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Newsome (2010) and Tomicic et al. (2023) showed that there are many high peak current (>200 kA) CG strokes that do not generate observable Elves.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

High Peak Current Lightning and the Production of Elves

Bjørge‐Engeland,

Østgaard,

Marisaldi

et al. 2024

JGR Atmospheres

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“…Stratospheric ozone thus impacts global climate through atmospheric radiative budget processes and chemical equilibrium. Blue jet (BJ) is one of the transient luminous events (e.g., Chuang & Chen, 2022; Li et al., 2023; Tomicic et al., 2023; Xu et al., 2023; Yang et al., 2020), which occurring at the altitude of the stratospheric ozone layer, therefore, the chemical impact of BJs on stratospheric chemistry is important. The physical structure of BJ includes the streamer zone and a leader channel (e.g., Raizer et al., 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detailed Modeling and Evaluation of the Potential Impact of Blue Jet on the Atmospheric Chemistry

Xu,

Huret,

Celestin

et al. 2023

JGR Atmospheres

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To evaluate the impact of a blue jet (BJ) discharge on the chemical system in the whole stratosphere as a function of altitude, we developed a detailed ion‐neutral chemistry model. The BJ discharge is formed as a streamer discharge up to 50 km with a leader part up to 28 km associated with high‐temperature chemistry. The simulations are performed in a 2‐day duration to investigate diurnal variations of chemical perturbations at the altitudes of every 2 km from 20 to 50 km. The specific chemistry processes during the leader (considering the molecular diffusion) and streamer discharges react with the whole stratospheric chemical families (oxygen, nitrogen, chlorine, and bromine). We systematically compare the simulations with and without the BJ discharge. The results obtained during the first 100 s indicate the ozone enhanced in the middle stratosphere, while no obvious change in the lower and close to the top of the stratosphere. After 2 days, simulations show that the entire neutral chemical stratospheric system is modified with the enhancement of nitrogen oxides, chlorine, and bromine reservoirs. As a consequence, ozone depletion appears in the middle and upper stratosphere due to the catalytic cycle associated with reactive NOx (=NO + NO2). Each chemical family results in a new equilibrium, and the ozone layer appears to be “shifted” to a lower altitude with its maximum less abundance. Due to the long lifetimes of the chlorine and bromine reservoirs in the stratosphere, the chemical perturbations caused by the BJ discharge at all studied altitudes are maintained.

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Observations of elves and radio wave perturbations by lightning

Cited by 2 publications

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High Peak Current Lightning and the Production of Elves

High Peak Current Lightning and the Production of Elves

Detailed Modeling and Evaluation of the Potential Impact of Blue Jet on the Atmospheric Chemistry

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