Observations of the O<sub>2</sub>column density between 120 and 70 km and absorption cross section in the vicinity of H Lyman alpha

Prinz, D. K.; Brueckner, G. E.

doi:10.1029/ja082i010p01481

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The model of Hudson and Mahle gives slightly better agreement than the other models. The average column densities also agree, except at 95 km, with column densities determined by Prinz and Brueckner [1977] from atmospheric absorption of the solar H-Lyman alpha line and of the Schumann-Runge continuum.…”

Section: The Atmospheric Transmittances Which We Determine From the Msupporting

confidence: 71%

“…To determine the absorption cross section experimentally over ranges of wavelength and temperature sufficient for precise calculations of all atmospheric properties would be a prodigious task, requiring an enormous number of measurements at extremely high spectral resolution, and no such measurements have been made. Altitudes in this table differ somewhat from those given by Prinz and Brueckner [1977]. The differences are within the accuracy with which the graphical telemetry record of rocket altitude could be read.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…The altitude ranges, mean altitudes, and exposure times of the spectra analyzed in this work are given in Table 1. Additional information about the flight, the spectrograph, and the exposures can be found in papers by Prinz and Brueckner [1977], Moe et al [1976], and Brueckner et al [1976].…”

Section: *All Exposures Were Of 2-s Durationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measurements of spectrally integrated atmospheric transmittance in the O₂ Schumann‐Runge bands and derived oxygen column densities: 76–102 km

Longmire¹,

Bartoe²,

Brown³

et al. 1979

J. Geophys. Res

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Atmospheric transmittances integrated over wavelength intervals corresponding approximately to the (15–0) through (4–0) Schumann‐Runge bands of O2 have been determined from EUV solar spectra (1768 Å <λ <1948 Å) photographed at seven altitudes between 102 and 76 km with a rocket‐borne spectrograph having a resolution of 0.07 Å. The observed transmittances are compared with atmospheric transmittances predicted from three models of the O2 absorption cross section. The predicted transmittances have also been used to derive column densities of atmospheric O2 from the observations. The results are compared with values calculated from the U.S. Standard Atmosphere (1976) and with oxygen column densities determined by Prinz and Brueckner (1977) from EUV solar spectra of the Schumann‐Runge continuum (λ <1750 Å) and of the H‐Lyman alpha line (1216 Å) recorded on the same films used in the present research. The comparisons test the utility of the models for studies of atmospheric photochemistry, suggest which models may be best for this purpose, and indicate how the models can be improved.

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Section: The Atmospheric Transmittances Which We Determine From the Msupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 52%

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Measurements of spectrally integrated atmospheric transmittance in the O₂ Schumann‐Runge bands and derived oxygen column densities: 76–102 km

Longmire¹,

Bartoe²,

Brown³

et al. 1979

J. Geophys. Res

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“…The observations took place around the apogee of the parabolic trajectory while the rocket was above 100 km. This minimum altitude was chosen to minimize absorption effects from the geocorona (Prinz and Brueckner, 1977). The duration of science operations was 363 sec and the rocket peaked at an altitude of 182 miles (294 km).…”

Section: Data Analysis and Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Structure and Dynamics of the Upper Chromosphere and Lower Transition Region as Revealed by the Subarcsecond VAULT Observations

Vourlidas,

Nuño,

Landi

et al. 2009

Preprint

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The Very high Angular resolution ULtraviolet Telescope (VAULT) is a sounding rocket payload built to study the crucial interface between the solar chromosphere and the corona by observing the strongest line in the solar spectrum, the Lyα line at 1216 Å. In two flights, VAULT succeeded in obtaining the first ever sub-arcsecond (0.5 ) images of this region with high sensitivity and cadence. Detailed analyses of those observations have contributed significantly to new ideas about the nature of the transition region. Here, we present a broad overview of the Lyα atmosphere as revealed by the VAULT observations, and bring together past results and new analyses from the second VAULT flight to create a synthesis of our current knowledge of the high-resolution Lyα Sun. We hope that this work will serve as a good reference for the design of upcoming Lyα telescopes and observing plans.

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“…Even more important, photolysis by Lyman-α is the main loss process for water vapour (Bates and Nicolet, 1965;Lewis et al, 1983). The extinction of direct solar Lyman-α is actually a measure of the O 2 column density and has been used to determine the atmospheric temperature profile from sounding rockets (Thrane and Johannessen, 1975;Prinz and Brueckner, 1977).…”

Section: Lyman-α In the Mesospherementioning

confidence: 99%

Optical studies of noctilucent clouds in the extreme ultraviolet

et al. 2008

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Abstract. In order to better understand noctilucent clouds (NLC) and their sensitivity to the variable environment of the polar mesosphere, more needs to be learned about the actual cloud particle population. Optical measurements are today the only means of obtaining information about the size of mesospheric ice particles. In order to efficiently access particle sizes, scattering experiments need to be performed in the Mie scattering regime, thus requiring wavelengths of the order of the particle size. Previous studies of NLC have been performed at wavelengths down to 355 nm from the ground and down to about 200 nm from rockets and satellites. However, from these measurements it is not possible to access the smaller particles in the mesospheric ice population. This current lack of knowledge is a major limitation when studying important questions about the nucleation and growth processes governing NLC and related particle phenomena in the mesosphere. We show that NLC measurements in the extreme ultraviolet, in particular using solar Lyman-α radiation at 121.57 nm, are an efficient way to further promote our understanding of NLC particle size distributions. This applies both to global measurements from satellites and to detailed in situ studies from sounding rockets. Here, we present examples from recent rocket-borne studies that demonstrate how ambiguities in the size retrieval at longer wavelengths can be removed by invoking Lyman-α. We discuss basic requirements and instrument concepts for future rocket-borne NLC missions. In order for Lyman-α radiation to reach NLC altitudes, high solar elevation and, hence, daytime conditions are needed. Considering the effects of Lyman-α on NLC in general, we argue that the traditional focus of rocket-borne NLC missions on twilight conditions has limited our ability to study the full complexity of the summer mesopause environment.

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Observations of the O₂column density between 120 and 70 km and absorption cross section in the vicinity of H Lyman alpha

Cited by 8 publications

References 21 publications

Measurements of spectrally integrated atmospheric transmittance in the O₂ Schumann‐Runge bands and derived oxygen column densities: 76–102 km

Measurements of spectrally integrated atmospheric transmittance in the O₂ Schumann‐Runge bands and derived oxygen column densities: 76–102 km

The Structure and Dynamics of the Upper Chromosphere and Lower Transition Region as Revealed by the Subarcsecond VAULT Observations

Optical studies of noctilucent clouds in the extreme ultraviolet

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Observations of the O2column density between 120 and 70 km and absorption cross section in the vicinity of H Lyman alpha

Cited by 8 publications

References 21 publications

Measurements of spectrally integrated atmospheric transmittance in the O2 Schumann‐Runge bands and derived oxygen column densities: 76–102 km

Measurements of spectrally integrated atmospheric transmittance in the O2 Schumann‐Runge bands and derived oxygen column densities: 76–102 km

The Structure and Dynamics of the Upper Chromosphere and Lower Transition Region as Revealed by the Subarcsecond VAULT Observations

Optical studies of noctilucent clouds in the extreme ultraviolet

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Observations of the O₂column density between 120 and 70 km and absorption cross section in the vicinity of H Lyman alpha

Measurements of spectrally integrated atmospheric transmittance in the O₂ Schumann‐Runge bands and derived oxygen column densities: 76–102 km

Measurements of spectrally integrated atmospheric transmittance in the O₂ Schumann‐Runge bands and derived oxygen column densities: 76–102 km