OBSERVATIONS ON CANDIDAL VAGINITIS. VAGINAL pH, MICROBIOLOGY AND CYTOLOGY

Peeters, F.; Snauwaert, R.; Segers, Jérôme; Cutsem, J. Van; Amery, Willem K.

doi:10.1097/00006254-197206000-00022

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…This observation has been made before (Armstrong and L Wiesner, 1974;Eriksson and Wanger, 1975) and is possibly due to a difference in pH growth requirements between these organisms (Peeters et al, 1972) or to the production of gonococcal inhibitory substances by Candida albicans (Hipp et al, 1975). …”

Section: Coincidence Of Stdsmentioning

confidence: 59%

Relative and seasonal incidences of the sexually transmitted diseases. A two-year statistical review.

Wright¹,

Judson²

1978

Sexually Transmitted Infections

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are assessed. Gonorrhoea was the most common STD in male and female patients combined (18%), while nongonococcal urethritis (NGU) was most common in men (23%), and vaginitis (trichomonal 7.5 %, yeast 7 1 %, and non-specific 7h 1 %) was the most common in women. A significantly higher incidence of NGU occurred in Caucasian (63 %) than in black (42 %) men (p<0 005). No other STD was diagnosed in more than 5 % of patients, and 31 % had normal findings on clinical examination and investigation, and could be described as the 'worried well'. Two or more STDs co-existed in 4-2 % of patients. In 1976 the incidence of genital herpes and scabies decreased in contrast to other STDs and total patient visits, which increased. A seasonal peak in late summer and early autumn was observed for most STDs. These observations indicate the importance of a comprehensive approach when attempting to compile accurate statistics on selected epidemiological aspects of sexually transmitted diseases.

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Section: Coincidence Of Stdsmentioning

confidence: 59%

Relative and seasonal incidences of the sexually transmitted diseases. A two-year statistical review.

Wright¹,

Judson²

1978

Sexually Transmitted Infections

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“…[67][68][69] A statistically significant increase was noted in number of C. albicans colonies cultured from swabs of women with VVC, representing an increase in fungal concentration, as compared to controls (healthy, no VVC), though no difference was measured with nonalbicans Candida species. 70 Peeters et al 70 noted a positive correlation between the number of C. albicans colonies grown and amount/severity of vaginal discharge, as well as reported pruritus (itching). These findings support the theory of a fungal burden threshold above which inflammatory cells are recruited, resulting in the vaginal symptoms often reported, including itching, irritation, burning, and discharge.…”

Section: Pathogenesis Of Candida and Vulvovaginal Candidiasismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…70,102 Supporting evidence for this hypothesis includes increased susceptibility to Candida vaginitis following antibiotic therapy, a well-documented risk factor for VVC. [110][111][112] But not all studies have substantiated the link between VVC and antibiotic usage, 113 and even anecdotal reports are inconsistent.…”

Section: 100mentioning

confidence: 99%

The vaginal mycobiome: A contemporary perspective on fungi in women's health and diseases

2016

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Most of what is known about fungi in the human vagina has come from culture-based studies and phenotypic characterization of single organisms. Though valuable, these approaches have masked the complexity of fungal communities within the vagina. The vaginal mycobiome has become an emerging field of study as genomics tools are increasingly employed and we begin to appreciate the role these fungal communities play in human health and disease. Though vastly outnumbered by its bacterial counterparts, fungi are important constituents of the vaginal ecosystem in many healthy women. Candida albicans, an opportunistic fungal pathogen, colonizes 20% of women without causing any overt symptoms, yet it is one of the leading causes of infectious vaginitis. Understanding its mechanisms of commensalism and pathogenesis are both essential to developing more effective therapies. Describing the interactions between Candida, bacteria (such as Lactobacillus spp.) and other fungi in the vagina is fundamental to our characterization of the vaginal mycobiome.

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“…As the vagina normally presents an acid environment with a mean pH of 4.09 (SD 0.52) at 37–42 weeks gestation (Gleeson et al 1989) this could influence the availability of PGE 2 from vaginal preparations. The presence of factors such as vaginal infection will alter the normal pH of the vaginal environment being associated with a higher pH (Peelers et al 1972). The aim of this study was to determine the PGE 2 release characteristics of vaginal and endocervical PGE 2 preparations in‐vitro and the effect thereon of pH.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of pH on release of PGE₂ from vaginal and endocervical preparations for induction of labour: an in‐vitro study

Johnson

Greer

Kelly

et al. 1992

BJOG

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Objective To study the effect of pH and precoating with obstetric cream on the release of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) from commercially available triacetin and starch based gels, lactose based vaginal tables and sustained release hydrogel polymer pessaries in‐vitro. Design A prospective observational study. Methods PGE2 preparations held in dialysis bags were placed in Ringers lactate buffer and release of PGE2 into the buffer was measured over 8–12 h by radio‐immunoassay. The hydrogel polymer pessary was also assessed after precoating with obstetric cream. Main outcome measures In‐vitro PGE2 release at pH 7.4, pH 5.4 and pH 3.4. Results The gel preparations provided rapid and reliable release, while the lactose based vaginal tablet provided much lower release of PGE2 with sudden and variable release occurring after 5–8 h, an effect which was enhanced at low pH. With the triacetin gel preparation, release of PGE2 was reduced at lower pH, while the starch based gel appeared to provide optimal release at pH 5.4. The hydrogel polymer pessaries provided linear release in‐vitro and this was reduced at pH 3.4. In addition, precoating the sustained release hydrogel polymer pessaries with obstetric cream virtually abolished release of PGE2. Conclusions As the vagina is normally acid, these results suggest that vaginal pH could influence PGE2 release and this may result in variable clinical responses. In view of this, pH should be taken into account in the development of preparations for clinical use. Furthermore, the use of obstetric cream should be avoided when administering PGE2 preparations for induction of labour.

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OBSERVATIONS ON CANDIDAL VAGINITIS. VAGINAL pH, MICROBIOLOGY AND CYTOLOGY

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Relative and seasonal incidences of the sexually transmitted diseases. A two-year statistical review.

Relative and seasonal incidences of the sexually transmitted diseases. A two-year statistical review.

The vaginal mycobiome: A contemporary perspective on fungi in women's health and diseases

The effect of pH on release of PGE₂ from vaginal and endocervical preparations for induction of labour: an in‐vitro study

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OBSERVATIONS ON CANDIDAL VAGINITIS. VAGINAL pH, MICROBIOLOGY AND CYTOLOGY

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Relative and seasonal incidences of the sexually transmitted diseases. A two-year statistical review.

Relative and seasonal incidences of the sexually transmitted diseases. A two-year statistical review.

The vaginal mycobiome: A contemporary perspective on fungi in women's health and diseases

The effect of pH on release of PGE2 from vaginal and endocervical preparations for induction of labour: an in‐vitro study

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The effect of pH on release of PGE₂ from vaginal and endocervical preparations for induction of labour: an in‐vitro study