Observations on Direct Transfusion of Blood, With a Description of a Simple Method,

Fullerton, Andrew; Dreyer, Georges; Bazett, H.C.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(00)79917-x

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…In spite of the inherent problems, Colonel Andrew Fullerton and his associates, using improvised kit, employed the method to treat 19 casualties at the Boulogne base in 1916. Sadly, few patients survived and the 15 deaths were considered to be not too discouraging because the blood was given only to patients whose condition was considered desperate (Fullerton et al , ). In 1917, doctors from the US Army introduced the standard Kimpton–Brown equipment into British hospitals.…”

Section: British and Canadian Doctorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood transfusion at the time of the First World War – practice and promise at the birth of transfusion medicine

Boulton

Roberts

2014

Transfusion Medicine

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The centenary of the start of the First World War has stirred considerable interest in the political, social, military and human factors of the time and how they interacted to produce and sustain the material and human destruction in the 4 years of the war and beyond. Medical practice may appear distant and static and perhaps seems to have been somewhat ineffectual in the face of so much trauma and in the light of the enormous advances in medicine and surgery over the last century. However, this is an illusion of time and of course medical, surgical and psychiatric knowledge and procedures were developing rapidly at the time and the war years accelerated implementation of many important advances. Transfusion practice lay at the heart of resuscitation, and although direct transfusion from donor to recipient was still used, Geoffrey Keynes from Britain, Oswald Robertson from America and his namesake Lawrence Bruce Robertson from Canada, developed methods for indirect transfusion from donor to recipient by storing blood in bottles and also blood-banking that laid the foundation of modern transfusion medicine. This review explores the historical setting behind the development of blood transfusion up to the start of the First World War and on how they progressed during the war and afterwards. A fresh look may renew interest in how a novel medical speciality responded to the needs of war and of post-war society.

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Section: British and Canadian Doctorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood transfusion at the time of the First World War – practice and promise at the birth of transfusion medicine

Boulton

Roberts

2014

Transfusion Medicine

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“…Primrose and Ryerson, 31 both colleagues of LBR at HSC, 12 described their use of transfusion in Salonica, then in Turkey, noting that the method had been brought to their attention by LBR, almost certainly before the war. Fullerton, with the British Army in Europe, reporting his experience with direct vascular anastomosis, 16 also wrote, with coauthors, 32 of LBR's contributions. Guiou 33,34 later used the syringe and cannula technology with the CAMC at advanced dressing stations close to the front.…”

Section: The War Years (1914‐1918)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Canada's transfusion medicine pioneer: Lawrence Bruce Robertson

Pinkerton

2001

Transfusion

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“….'. 44 It was like watching Lazarus rising. They transfused from donor's artery to recipient's vein, and described how to prevent coagulation in the connecting tube.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

William Maddock Bayliss's therapy for wound shock

Kloot

2010

Notes Rec. R. Soc.

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During World War I, military surgeons discovered that patients die from wound shock because their blood pressure falls catastrophically. William Maddock Bayliss produced experimental shock by bleeding anaesthetized cats, which lowers their blood pressure. He restored pressure by infusing salt solution containing enough gum acacia to generate the colloid osmotic pressure ordinarily contributed by the plasma proteins. Ernest Henry Starling had demonstrated that as plasma flows through the capillaries the colloid osmotic pressure of its proteins retains water. From 1917 to 1919 Bayliss and Starling served on the Special Investigation Committee on Surgical Shock and Allied Conditions of the Medical Research Committee. Both gum-saline and blood transfusions were used successfully on wound-shocked soldiers, but we do not know how many were treated, and the effectiveness of whole blood in comparison with gum-saline was not ascertained. Today the colloid osmotic pressure in transfusion solutions is usually provided by dextran or human albumin. Vast quantities are used, but Bayliss's role in the development of this clever biophysical therapy has been almost forgotten.

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Observations on Direct Transfusion of Blood, With a Description of a Simple Method,

Cited by 9 publications

References 4 publications

Blood transfusion at the time of the First World War – practice and promise at the birth of transfusion medicine

Blood transfusion at the time of the First World War – practice and promise at the birth of transfusion medicine

Canada's transfusion medicine pioneer: Lawrence Bruce Robertson

William Maddock Bayliss's therapy for wound shock

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