Observations on Sodium Chloride Restriction and Urea Clearance in Renal Insufficiency 1

Acid-Base Balance, Renal Function, and Gastric Secretion During Hypochloremia in the Dog 1

“…The azotemia in hypochloremia has been attributed also to impaired renal function secondary to dehydration (24,25). This concept is supported by the findings of Landis et al (26) in that the mild elevation of blood urea nitrogen following restriction of sodium chloride was accompanied by a slightly diminished average twentyfour-hour urea clearance. The conventional onehour clearances were normal.…”

Evidence That Renal Sodium Excretion by Normal Human Subjects Is Regulated by Adrenal Cortical Activity 1

“…Both sodium salts produced positive nitrogen balance. Landis et al (31) reported striking changes in blood urea nitrogen levels in three subjects with varying degrees of renal insufficiency when the daily amount of sodium chloride intake was altered. Sodium chloride restriction caused increased blood urea nitrogen concentrations while administration of this salt lowered the concentration.…”

The Mechanism of Salt Wastage in Chronic Renal Disease*

“…After completion of the studies of sodium excretion during salt deprivation, 6 patients were placed on supplementary sodium chloride, 5 g per day, until sodium excretion had stabilized at about the level of intake. The acute water loading study was then repeated.…”

“…It is well known that patients with chronic renal disease have an impaired ability to conserve sodium (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7). In a small number of patients this results in profound salt wasting (8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13), but more commonly the defect is mild and becomes apparent only during severe sodium deprivation.…”