Observations on successive infestations of the rabbit host by the ticksRhipicephalus appendiculatus andR. zambeziensis (Acari: Ixodidae)

Fivaz, B. H.; Norval, Andy

doi:10.1007/bf01197921

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…However, it is not clear why there was no further decline in the mean engorgement weight of females of H. marginatum rufipes during the third infestation of the treatment group. Similar anomalous observations in which the mean engorgement weight recovered following a decline were made by Fivas and Norval (1989) and Dipeolu et al (1992).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

The effects of aqueous root extract of Senna italica subsp. arachoides on the feeding performance of Hyalomma marginatum rufipes adults

Thembo¹,

Magano²,

Shai³

2010

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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The effects of aqueous root extracts of Senna italica subsp. arachoides on the feeding performance of adults of Hyalomma marginatum rufipes in three consecutive infestations of rabbits were studied under laboratory conditions. Rabbits were divided into treatment group (n = 3), fed aqueous root extracts and rabbit pellets while the control group (n = 3) was fed with rabbit pellets and given distilled water only. Ticks that infested the treatment rabbits fed poorly, taking significantly longer feeding periods (P < 0.05) to acquire the bloodmeal, and having significantly reduced engorgement weights (P < 0.05) compared to those that fed on the control rabbits during the first and second infestations. These results suggest that aqueous root extracts of S. italica subsp. arachoides reduced the feeding performance of H. marginatum rufipes adults.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

The effects of aqueous root extract of Senna italica subsp. arachoides on the feeding performance of Hyalomma marginatum rufipes adults

Thembo¹,

Magano²,

Shai³

2010

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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“…Host immunity can on one hand cause an almost complete blocking of tick feeding, as for example occurs in Dermacentorandersoni fed on guinea pigs (McTier etal., 1981)and/?. zambeziensis fed on rabbits (Fivaz and Norval, 1989), and on the other hand may have little or no effect on tick feeding, as occurs in A. hebraeum and A. variegatum. Other tick species that are able to feed repeatedly on the same hosts without the development of resistance are Rhipicephalus sanguineus on dogs (Theis and Budwiser, 1974),Ixodestriangulicepson long-tailed field mice (Apodemus sylvaticus) (Randolph, 1979) and Haemaphysalis leporispalustris fed on the In A. hebraeum and probably A. variegatum the lack of direct hosteffects on tick feeding areovercome by the combined effects of grooming and tick avoidance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host susceptibility to infestation with Amblyomma hebraeum

Norval

1992

Int. J. Trop. Insect Sci.

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Amblyomma hebraeum differs from many ixodid tick species in that it is not susceptible to the direct effects of the host immune response. All stages of the life cycle are able to feed repeatedly on laboratory hosts and show no progressive declines in engorged weight. However, on cattle there are declines in the yield of engorged adult females over time, as animals become sensitized to the tick and grooming increases. In the field zebu, Bos indicus and sanga, B. indicus x B. taunts breeds of cattle become less heavily infested than B. taurus breeds. The apparent resistance of zebu and sanga breeds is the result of learned tick avoidance behaviour, skin sensitivity and the ability to dislodge ticks prior to attachment as well as grooming ability. Among other Amblyomma spp., the feeding of A. americanum is adversely affected by acquired host immunity, while that of A. variegatum is generally unaffected.Resuml-A mblyomma hebraeum differe de beaucoup d'especes de tiques ixodides en ce sens qu'elle n'est pas susceptible aux effets directs de la reponse immune de l'hdte. Toutes les etapes du cycle de vie peuvent se nourrir a plusieurs reprises d'hdtes laboratoires et ne montrent pas de baisses progressives de poid quand elles sont pleines. Cependant, sur les boeufs il y a au cours du temps des d&Iins de rendement de femelles adultes pleines, comme les animaux se sensibilisent a la tique et le pansement s'augmente. Aux champs, les races de boeufs zebu, Bos indicus et les sanga, B. indicus x B. taurus deviennent moins infestes que les races B. taurus. La resistance apparente des races zebu et sanga est le resultat d'un comportement appris de l'e vasion de tiques, de la sensibilite de la peau et de la capacity de detacher les tiques avant qu'elles ne s'attachent, de mime que de l'habilite de se panser. Entre d'autres especes A'Amblyomma, l'immunite acquise sur le part de l'hdte produit un effet defavorable sur le parasitisme d'A. americanum, tandis qu'en general elle ne produit aucun effet sur celui d'A. variegatum.

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“…In a previous report (Fivaz and Norval, 1989), which compared the engorgement weights and oviposition rate of R. zambeziensis and R. appendiculatus following repeated infestations of rabbits, it was apparent that the rabbit host manifested a stronger resistance against R. zambeziensis than against R. appendiculatus. The mean engorgement weight of replete adult females of R. zambeziensis was 14-fold lower after this infestation compared with a 2-fold reduction recorded in R. appendiculatus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Cross-resistance has been demonstrated between R. zambeziensis and R. appendiculatus (Fivaz and Norval, 1989 (Norval, 1978), and therefore it would have been unlikely that R. zambeziensis would have shown cross-resistance against A. hebraeum. It is not clear why A. hebraeum fails to induce host resistance m the rabbit, though we could speculate that the salivary secretions are not sufficiently immunogenic in the rabbit host, or they may be immunosuppressive, as has been demonstrated in other tick species (Wikel, 1982;Fivaz, 1989).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…That both ticks represent different species has been confirmed by Wouters et al (1987) in isoenzyme studies. Recent investigations by Fivaz and Norval (1989) have shown that the rabbit develops a stronger resistance against R. zambeziensis instars than against R. appendiculatus instars, and that there is a partial crossresistance between the two species. Furthermore, R. appendiculatus has been shown to suppress immune responses of rabbits, whereas R. zambeziensis does not (Fivaz, 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Specificity and effects of host resistance on the African tickRhipicephalus zambeziensis (Acarina: Ixodidae)

et al. 1991

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Repeated infestations of the rabbit with adult Rhipicephalus zambeziensis ticks resulted in a ten-fold reduction in engorgement weight of adult ticks and a significant decline in engorgement weight of nymphs. There was no evidence of cross-resistance against the South African bont tick, Amblyomma hebraeum. Immunization of rabbits with crude extracts of whole-tick protein significantly influenced engorgement weights and oviposition rates of adult R. zambeziensis. Histological studies of tissues from R. zambeziensis adults fed on resistant rabbits showed severe gut damage; this was associated with the binding of host IgG to mid-gut cells.

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Observations on successive infestations of the rabbit host by the ticksRhipicephalus appendiculatus andR. zambeziensis (Acari: Ixodidae)

Cited by 16 publications

References 5 publications

The effects of aqueous root extract of Senna italica subsp. arachoides on the feeding performance of Hyalomma marginatum rufipes adults

The effects of aqueous root extract of Senna italica subsp. arachoides on the feeding performance of Hyalomma marginatum rufipes adults

Host susceptibility to infestation with Amblyomma hebraeum

Specificity and effects of host resistance on the African tickRhipicephalus zambeziensis (Acarina: Ixodidae)

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