Observations on the Cell Division of Some Yeasts and Bacteria

Knaysi, Georges

doi:10.1128/jb.41.2.141-153.1941

Cited by 55 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…To circumvent this problem, a microfluidic-based approach was undertaken to monitor steady-state chemostatic growth of B. subtilis over many generations ( Fig S1 ). B. subtilis divides by septation (or plate formation) in which a division septum is formed first, and remodeling of the septal peptidoglycan occurs as a separate step afterwards that leads to indentation and cell separation (55–57). Thus, cell division events were conservatively defined as a spatial decrease in constitutively-expressed cytoplasmic mCherry fluorescent signal that would indicate cellular indentation (Fig 1A).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Min system disassembles FtsZ foci and inhibits polar peptidoglycan remodeling inBacillus subtilis

Zhou

Dempwollf

et al. 2019

Preprint

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lack DNA and arise when cell division occurs, not at the midcell, but rather near one cell pole. 75Polar division was attributed to a mislocalization of FtsZ rings and the recruitment of the same 76 machinery that would ordinarily promote medial septation (20). The mutation responsible for 77 minicell formation was mapped to a genetic locus encoding the membrane-associated ATPase 78MinD and the 22). MinD is anchored to the membrane by an 79 amphipathic helix, and MinD recruits and activates MinC by direct interaction (23-30). MinC 80 binds to the C-terminus of FtsZ and destabilizes the FtsZ ring (31)(32)(33)(34)(35). In E. coli, the activity of 81 the MinCD complex is dynamically restricted to the polar region by oscillation in which MinCD 82 polar polymerization is antagonized by MinE-mediated depolymerization (36-40). In B. subtilis 83 however, the activity of the MinCD complex is statically restricted to membranes with high 84 curvature by MinJ/DivIVA, such that the entire 4-protein complex assembles at the invaginating 85 nascent division plane and remains at the cell poles after division (41)(42)(43)(44)(45)(46). 86Here, we use fluorescence microscopy and microfluidics to quantitatively measure 87 parameters of B. subtilis FtsZ dynamics and cell division under the condition of chemostatic 88 growth for extended periods of time (47-52). The automated poly(dimethylsiloxane) microfluidic 89 system comprises a pneumatically actuated channel array of 600 channels having widths from 90 1.0 to 1.6 m and heights of 1.0 m to actively trap bacteria cells (52). Integrated pumps and 91 valves perform on-chip fluid and cell manipulations that provide dynamic control of cell loading 92 and nutrient flow, and the channel array confines bacterial growth to a single dimension, 93 facilitating high-resolution, time-lapse imaging and tracking of individual cells over multiple 94 generations. In wild type cells, we find that Z-rings persist for a period greater than one cell 95 cycle because Z-rings transiently remain at the cell poles following septum completion. We 96 further show find that the primary function of the Min system is Z-ring disassembly such that in 97 the absence of Min, Z-rings persist longer than the duration of the experiment. Indefinite Z-ring 98 persistence results in cells with multiple Z-rings per compartment, and Z-ring must directly 99 compete for newly synthesized FtsZ monomers. Moreover, we show that min mutant cells are 100

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Min system disassembles FtsZ foci and inhibits polar peptidoglycan remodeling inBacillus subtilis

Zhou

Dempwollf

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…This report has presented the first high resolution cytological study of cytoplasmic membrane septation of bacteria. It should be pointed out, however, that Knaysi (1941Knaysi ( , 1949Knaysi ( , 1951, Robinow (1945), and Bisset (1948Bisset ( , 1950, on the basis of light microscope observations, gave remarkably similar descriptions of this phenomenon. Knaysi and Robinow described the inward annular growth of a ring from the cytoplasmic membrane to form a cell plate which was subsequently split by the centripetal growth of the cell wall.…”

Section: Fig 1 Represents a Non-dividing Cell The 500mentioning

confidence: 87%

Electron Microscope Observations on the Behavior of the Bacterial Cytoplasmic Membrane During Cellular Division

Chapman

1959

The Journal of Cell Biology

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Bacterial cells were fixed in OsO,, washed, dehydrated, and embedded in a methacrylate mixture. Ultrathin sections were cut on a Porter-Blum ultramicrotome and were examined in an RCA electron microscope, type EMU-2D.The sections revealed that the cytoplasmic membrane undergoes a centripetal growth to form a membrane septum. This septum is formed as a double structure. Constriction of the daughter cells and deposition of cell wall material lead to the separation of the daughter cells.The bacterial cytoplasm appears to consist largely of 200 A granules and occasionally reveals arrays of parallel dense lines.

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“…Figure 14 indicates that the membrane septum (C.IS) forms by a centripetal growth from a ring of membrane material, in a manner similar to that in which the transverse cell wall forms in B. cereus, as was shown by Chapman and Hillier (1953). It should be noted that this method of formation of a membrane septum or "cell plate" was (lescribed by Knaysi (1941Knaysi ( , 1949Knaysi ( , 1951 and Robinow (1945). It is interesting to note that the "peripheral bodies" which apparently had a role in the formation of the transverse cell wall in B. cereus as reported by Chapman and Hillier (1953), do not appear in these cells which differ further from B. cereus in possessing a cytoplasmic membrane.…”

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confidence: 78%

Electron Microscopy of Ultrathin Sections of Bacteria Iii

Chapman

1959

J Bacteriol

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Observations on the Cell Division of Some Yeasts and Bacteria

Cited by 55 publications

References 6 publications

The Min system disassembles FtsZ foci and inhibits polar peptidoglycan remodeling inBacillus subtilis

The Min system disassembles FtsZ foci and inhibits polar peptidoglycan remodeling inBacillus subtilis

Electron Microscope Observations on the Behavior of the Bacterial Cytoplasmic Membrane During Cellular Division

Electron Microscopy of Ultrathin Sections of Bacteria Iii

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