“…They promote creativity and enhancement of technical and creative skills of students and professionals (Hilton et al, 2020;Rieken et al, 2019), and are expected to facilitate greater agility and add value in the early stages of engineering design (B€ ohmer et al, 2015;Jensen and Steinert, 2020). Though several studies categorize and differentiate makerspaces on the basis of such as available machinery and equipment (Jensen et al, 2016;Wilczynski andHoover, 2017), users (O'Connell, 2017), business models (Schaffers et al, 2007), self-reported token based activity monitoring (Gourlet and Dass� e, 2017), and management strategies (Tomko et al, 2021), there is a distinct lack of empirical data on actual usage, activities and social interactions in makerspaces, although this is generally regarded a distinctive trait of these spaces (Vestad et al, 2019).…”