Observations on the resistance to drying of staphylococcal strains

Beard-Pegler, Mary A.; Stubbs, E. L.; Vickery, Alison M.

doi:10.1099/00222615-26-4-251

Cited by 82 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…A major functionality of the sensor construction is the wireless remote query capability. Certain strains of S. aureus are notoriously antibiotic-resistant and responsible for over 500,000 post-surgical wound infections in the United States each year 41,42 . S. aureus has been reported to survive up to 9 weeks on standard plastic and similar dry hospital environments 42 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene-based wireless bacteria detection on tooth enamel

et al. 2012

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Direct interfacing of nanosensors onto biomaterials could impact health quality monitoring and adaptive threat detection. Graphene is capable of highly sensitive analyte detection due to its nanoscale nature. Here we show that graphene can be printed onto water-soluble silk. This in turn permits intimate biotransfer of graphene nanosensors onto biomaterials, including tooth enamel. The result is a fully biointerfaced sensing platform, which can be tuned to detect target analytes. For example, via self-assembly of antimicrobial peptides onto graphene, we show bioselective detection of bacteria at single-cell levels. Incorporation of a resonant coil eliminates the need for onboard power and external connections. Combining these elements yields two-tiered interfacing of peptide-graphene nanosensors with biomaterials. In particular, we demonstrate integration onto a tooth for remote monitoring of respiration and bacteria detection in saliva. overall, this strategy of interfacing graphene nanosensors with biomaterials represents a versatile approach for ubiquitous detection of biochemical targets.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene-based wireless bacteria detection on tooth enamel

et al. 2012

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“…Electron spin resonance data has shown the presence of free radicals in desiccated cells of cyanobacteria (46). Previous studies have shown that some S. aureus strains remain viable 9 weeks after desiccation (5). There was also a correlation with epidemiology, as some methicillin-resistant S. aureus strains remained viable longer than methicillin-susceptible S. aureus strains, suggesting that desiccation tolerance provides a selective advantage, leading to increased persistence (5,49).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…Previous studies have shown that some S. aureus strains remain viable 9 weeks after desiccation (5). There was also a correlation with epidemiology, as some methicillin-resistant S. aureus strains remained viable longer than methicillin-susceptible S. aureus strains, suggesting that desiccation tolerance provides a selective advantage, leading to increased persistence (5,49). We have shown that both AhpC and KatA have roles in desiccation tolerance and thus may be important for the spread of S. aureus in the hospital environment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalase (KatA) and Alkyl Hydroperoxide Reductase (AhpC) Have Compensatory Roles in Peroxide Stress Resistance and Are Required for Survival, Persistence, and Nasal Colonization inStaphylococcus aureus

et al. 2007

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Oxidative-stress resistance in Staphylococcus aureus is linked to metal ion homeostasis via several interacting regulators. In particular, PerR controls the expression of a regulon of genes, many of which encode antioxidants. Two PerR regulon members, ahpC (alkylhydroperoxide reductase) and katA (catalase), show compensatory regulation, with independent and linked functions. An ahpC mutation leads to increased H 2 O 2 resistance due to greater katA expression via relief of PerR repression. Moreover, AhpC provides residual catalase activity present in a katA mutant. Mutation of both katA and ahpC leads to a severe growth defect under aerobic conditions in defined media (attributable to lack of catalase activity). This results in the inability to scavenge exogenous or endogenously produced H 2 O 2 , resulting in accumulation of H 2 O 2 in the medium. This leads to DNA damage, the likely cause of the growth defect. Surprisingly, the katA ahpC mutant is not attenuated in two independent models of infection, which implies reduced oxygen availability during infection. In contrast, both AhpC and KatA are required for environmental persistence (desiccation) and nasal colonization. Thus, oxidative-stress resistance is an important factor in the ability of S. aureus to persist in the hospital environment and so contribute to the spread of human disease.

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“…Survival of MRSA on non-biological surfaces varies from 1-14 days depending on the bacterial concentration in the inoculum, strain and type of surface. [16][17][18] In this series, all positive case-notes were MRSA negative when re-swabbed after 96 h implying a MRSA survival time of less than 4 days. This has implications in terms of the spread of the drug-resistant pathogens through handling of those colonised case-notes, both directly and indirectly, by healthcare workers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Prospective Study of the Case-Notes of MRSA-Positive Patients: A Vehicle of MRSA Spread

Hamza

Bazoua

Al-Shajerie

et al. 2007

annals

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INTRODUCTION Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has received much publicity and remains a major problem for the health service. The aim of this study was to determine whether case-notes of MRSA-positive patients can act as a vehicle for MRSA transmission.PATIENTS AND METHODS A prospective study was performed of patients with active MRSA infection identified from a microbiology department database. Two swabs were taken from the cover of the case-notes and the page with the most recent entry for identification of MRSA using MRSA ID (Chromogenic agar medium), Pastorex and DNase tests. Positive case-notes were re-swabbed 96 h later. RESULTS A total of 50 MRSA-positive patients were identified from medical, surgical, high dependency and intensive care wards. Three sets of notes were MRSA positive (3/50; 6%). None of the positive case-notes was positive on re-swabbing at 96 h.CONCLUSIONS Case-notes of MRSA-positive patients can act as carriers of MRSA with the potential to spread MRSA to both healthcare and non-healthcare workers without direct contact with infected patients. We recommend extending the universal precautions to the handling of case-notes belonging to MRSA-infected patients.

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Observations on the resistance to drying of staphylococcal strains

Cited by 82 publications

References 8 publications

Graphene-based wireless bacteria detection on tooth enamel

Graphene-based wireless bacteria detection on tooth enamel

Catalase (KatA) and Alkyl Hydroperoxide Reductase (AhpC) Have Compensatory Roles in Peroxide Stress Resistance and Are Required for Survival, Persistence, and Nasal Colonization inStaphylococcus aureus

A Prospective Study of the Case-Notes of MRSA-Positive Patients: A Vehicle of MRSA Spread

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