Observations on the ultrastructure of the oral appendages of Glenea cantor Fabricius (Coleoptera: Lamiinae)

Abstract

Using scanning electron microscopy, we examined the gross and ultrastructure morphology of the mandibles, labial palpi, and mandibular palpi of adult male and female Glenea cantor beetles. The morphology of these parts, both in their gross and ultrastructure, varied significantly between males and females. The lengths of the mandible, labial palpi, and mandibular palpi were clearly noticeably longer in females than in men, which is mostly related to the oviposition mechanism. In terms of the ultrastructural morphology of the mandibles, labial palpi, and mandibular palpi, seven types of sensilla were found on these parts: sensilla twig basiconica (STB I, II, III, and IV), sensilla chaetica (Scheme IV and V), Böhm's bristles (Bb), sensilla placodea (SP), sensilla trichodea (ST II), sensilla plate (SP), sensilla coeloconica (SC), and sensilla campaniformia (SCa). Females have significantly more ST I and Scheme III on their mandibles than males. The mechanical sensors SCh and Bb, olfactory sensor ST II, taste sensor STB IV, and carbon dioxide sensor and temperature and humidity sensors SC, SP, and SCa were much more developed on the labial and maxillary palpi of females compared to those of males, which further clarified the significance of the oral appendages in oviposition behavior. These findings will advance information‐based technique design and the creation of information‐based pest control strategies by assisting in our understanding of the host preference and oviposition behavior of adult G. cantor.Research Highlights The external morphology and distribution of the oral appendages of Glenea cantor between sexes has been researched through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for the first time. Several significant differences between males and females have been found by analyzing the oral appendages of G. cantor with SEM. The differences in the structure of oral appendages of G. cantor between sexes reflect functional differences in reproductive behaviors.

Morphological and genetic differences in legs of a polygamous beetle between sexes, Glenea cantor (Coleopter: Cerambycidae: Lamiinae)

“…The sequencing library was constructed using high-quality RNA and sequenced using DNBSEQ-T 7 (2 × 150 bp read length). The transcriptome data analysis method was referred to Wu (2023). The G. cantor CSP, GR, OR, OBP and MSP nucleotide sequences were used as queries (BLASTx) in the GenBank database (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/BLAST/) with an E-value threshold of 1e-5 for the NCBI nonredundant protein (Nr) database (http://www.ncbi.…”

“…Initially, the general morphology of the fly’s leg was observed and described by museum scientists using a primitive light microscope. With the invention and widespread use of electron microscopy, it has become possible to make precise observations of the external morphology and internal structure of research objects at the micro- and nanoscales [ 2 ]. At present, studies on the attachment mechanisms of insect legs are mainly performed on Orthoptera [ 3 ], Hemiptera [ 4 ], Hymenoptera [ 5 ], Diptera [ 6 ] and Phasmatodea [ 7 ].…”